In this paper we study general quantum affinizations $\U_q(\hat{\Glie})$ of symmetrizable quantum Kac-Moody algebras and we develop their representation theory. We prove a triangular decomposition and we give a classication of (type 1) highest weight simple integrable representations analog to Drinfel'd-Chari-Pressley one. A generalization of the q-characters morphism, introduced by Frenkel-Reshetikhin for quantum affine algebras, appears to be a powerful tool for this investigation. For a large class of quantum affinizations (including quantum affine algebras and quantum toroidal algebras), the combinatorics of q-characters give a ring structure * on the Grothendieck group $\text{Rep}(\U_q(\hat{\Glie}))$ of the integrable representations that we classified. We propose a new construction of tensor products in a larger category by using the Drinfel'd new coproduct (it can not directly be used for $\text{Rep}(\U_q(\hat{\Glie}))$ because it involves infinite sums). In particular we prove that * is a fusion product (a product of representations is a representation).
The class of quantum affinizations includes quantum affine algebras and quantum toroidal algebras. In general they have no Hopf algebra structure, but have a "coproduct" (the Drinfeld coproduct) which does not produce tensor products of modules in the usual way because it is defined in a completion. In this paper we propose a new process to produce quantum fusion modules from it : for all quantum affinizations, we construct by deformation and renormalization a new (non semi-simple) tensor category Mod. For quantum affine algebras this process is new and different from the usual tensor product.…
We obtain character formulas of minimal affinizations of representations of quantum groups when the underlying simple Lie algebra is orthogonal and the support of the highest weight is contained in the first three nodes of the Dynkin diagram. We also give a framework for extending our techniques to a more general situation. In particular, for the orthogonal algebras and a highest weight supported in at most one spin node, we realize the restricted classical limit of the corresponding minimal affinizations as a quotient of a module given by generators and relations and, furthermore, show that i…
In this paper, for an arbitrary Kac-Moody Lie algebra $\mathfrak g$ and a diagram automorphism $μ$ of $\mathfrak g$ satisfying certain natural linking conditions, we introduce and study a $μ$-twisted quantum affinization algebra $\mathcal U_\hbar\left(\hat{\mathfrak g}_μ\right)$ of $\mathfrak g$. When $\mathfrak g$ is of finite type, $\mathcal U_\hbar\left(\hat{\mathfrak g}_μ\right)$ is Drinfeld's current algebra realization of the twisted quantum affine algebra. When $μ=\mathrm{id}$ and $\mathfrak g$ in affine type, $\mathcal U_\hbar\left(\hat{\mathfrak g}_μ\right)$ is the quantum toroidal al…
To each category C of modules of finite length over a complex simple Lie algebra g, closed under tensoring with finite dimensional modules, we associate and study a category Aff(C)_κof smooth modules (in the sense of Kazhdan and Lusztig [KL1]) of finite length over the corresponding affine Kac-Moody algebra in the case of central charge less than the critical level. Equivalent characterizations of these categories are obtained in the spirit of the works of Kazhdan-Lusztig [KL1] and Lian-Zuckerman [LZ1]. In the main part of this paper we establish a finiteness result for the Kazhdan-Lusztig ten…
We construct by fusion product new irreducible representations of the quantum affinization $U_q(\hat{sl}_\infty)$. The action is defined via the Drinfeld coproduct and is related to the crystal structure of semi-standard tableaux of type $A_\infty$. We call these representations extremal loop weight modules. The main motivations are applications to quantum toroidal algebras $U_q(sl_{n+1}^{tor})$: we prove the conjectural link between $U_q(\hat{sl}_\infty)$ and $U_q(sl_{n+1}^{tor})$ stated in [14] for this family of representations. We recover in this way the extremal loop weight modules obtain…
We study the properties of level zero modules over quantized affine algebras. The proof of the conjecture on the cyclicity of tensor products by Akasaka and the present author is given. Several properties of modules generated by extremal vectors are proved. The weights of a module generated by an extremal vector are contained in the convex hull of the Weyl group orbit of the extremalweight. The universal extremal weight module with level zero fundamental weight as an extremal weight is irreducible, and isomorphic to the affinization of an irreducible finite-dimensional module.
We study the classical limit of a tensor product of Kirillov-Reshetikhin modules over a quantum loop algebra, and show that it is realized from the classical limits of the tensor factors using the notion of fusion products. In the process of the proof, we also give defining relations of the fusion product of the (graded) classical limits of Kirillov-Reshetikhin modules.
In this paper we study a family of commutative algebras generated by two infinite sets of generators. These algebras are parametrized by Young diagrams. We explain a connection of these algebras with the fusion product of integrable irreducible representations of the affine $sl_2$ Lie algebra. As an application we derive a fermionic formula for the character of the affine fusion product of two modules. These fusion products can be considered as a simplest example of the double affine Demazure modules.
We study a class of modules, called Chari-Venkatesh modules, for the current superalgebra $\mathfrak{sl}(1|2)[t]$. This class contains other important modules, such as graded local Weyl, truncated local Weyl and Demazure-type modules. We prove that Chari-Venkatesh modules can be realized as fusion products of generalized Kac modules. In particular, this proves Feigin and Loktev's conjecture, that fusion products are independent of their fusion parameters in the case where the fusion factors are generalized Kac modules. As an application of our results, we obtain bases, dimension and character …
In this paper we study an approximation of tensor product of irreducible integrable $\hat{\mathfrak{sl}_2}$ representations by infinite fusion products. This gives an approximation of the corresponding coset theories. As an application we represent characters of spaces of these theories as limits of certain restricted Kostka polynomials. This leads to the bosonic (which is known) and fermionic (which is new) formulas for the $\hat{\mathfrak{sl}_2}$ branching functions.
For each $A\in\N^n$ we define a Schubert variety $\sh_A$ as a closure of the $\Slt(\C[t])$-orbit in the projectivization of the fusion product $M^A$. We clarify the connection of the geometry of the Schubert varieties with an algebraic structure of $M^A$ as $\slt\otimes\C[t]$ modules. In the case when all the entries of $A$ are different $\sh_A$ is smooth projective algebraic variety. We study its geometric properties: the Lie algebra of the vector fields, the coordinate ring, the cohomologies of the line bundles. We also prove, that the fusion products can be realized as the dual spaces of th…
This paper generalizes the results of the paper \cite{mi3} to the case of the general $\mathfrak{sl}_2$ Schubert varieties. We study the homomorphisms between different Schubert varieties, describe their geometry and the group of the line bundles. We also derive some consequences, concerning the infinite-dimensional generalized affine grassmanians.
Let $\mathfrak{g}$ be a finite-dimensional complex simple Lie algebra with highest root $θ$ and let $\mathfrak{g}[t]$ be the corresponding current algebra. In this paper, we consider the $\mathfrak{g}[t]$-stable Demazure modules associated to integrable highest weight representations of the affine Lie algebra $\widehat{\mathfrak{g}}$. We prove that the fusion product of Demazure modules of a given level with a single Demazure module of a different level and with highest weight a multiple of $θ$ is a generalized Demazure module, and also give defining relations. This also shows that the fusion …
In this article, we show in the ADE case that the fusion product of Kirillov-Reshetikhin modules for a current algebra, whose character is expressed in terms of fermionic forms, can be constructed from one-dimensional modules by using Joseph functors. As a consequence, we obtain some identity between fermionic forms and Demazure operators. Since the same identity is also known to hold for one-dimensional sums of nonexceptional type, we can show from these results the X = M conjecture for type $A_n^{(1)}$ and $D_n^{(1)}$.
We give a formula for the relative Deligne tensor product of two indecomposable finite semisimple module categories over a pointed braided fusion category over an algebraically closed field.
The fusion rule gives the dimensions of spaces of conformal blocks in the WZW theory. We prove a dimension formula similar to the fusion rulefor spaces of coinvariants of affine Lie algebras g^. An equivalence of filtered spaces is established between spaces of coinvariants of two objects: highest weight g^-modules and tensor products of finite-dimensional evaluation representations of g\otimes\C[t]. In the sl_2 case we prove that their associated graded spaces are isomorphic to the spaces of coinvariants of fusion products, and that their Hilbert polynomials are the level-restricted Kostka po…
Let $V$ be a vertex operator algebra, $k$ a positive integer and $σ$ a permutation automorphism of the vertex operator algebra $V^{\otimes k}$. In this paper, we determine the fusion product of any $V^{\otimes k}$-module with any $σ$-twisted $V^{\otimes k}$-module.
Let V be a vertex operator algebra. We prove that if U and W are C_1-cofinite {\mathbb N}-gradable V-modules, then a fusion product U\boxtimes W is well-defined and also a C_1-cofinite {\mathbb N}-gradable V-module, where the fusion product is defined by (logarithmic) intertwining operators. This is also true for C_2-cofinite {\mathbb N}-gradable modules.
In this paper we study the relative tensor product of module categories over braided fusion categories using, in part, the notion of the relative center of a module category. In particular we investigate the canonical tensor category structure and braiding inherited by the relative tensor product when module categories are themselves tensor/braided. As a basic example we show that the category of representations of the fibre product of finite groups may be expressed in terms of the relative product and show how to multiply braided fusion categories arising from pre-metric groups. Also, we cons…
We construct the fusion product of finite-dimensional sl_2-modules in the homology of (or in the space of constructible functions on) a certain subvariety L_l(w_1, ..., w_r) of Nakajima's tensor product variety L(w_1,..., w_r). We also give a combinatorial description of the irreducible components of this subvariety using the notions of graphical calculus and crossingless matches for sl_2.
We construct $2^n$-families of solutions of the Yang-Baxter equation from $n$-products of three-dimensional $R$ and $L$ operators satisfying the tetrahedron equation. They are identified with the quantum $R$ matrices for the Hopf algebras known as generalized quantum groups. Depending on the number of $R$'s and $L$'s involved in the product, the trace construction interpolates the symmetric tensor representations of $U_q(A^{(1)}_{n-1})$ and the anti-symmetric tensor representations of $U_{-q^{-1}}(A^{(1)}_{n-1})$, whereas a boundary vector construction interpolates the $q$-oscillator represent…
We review some recent results on properties of tensor product and fusion coefficients under complex conjugation of one of the factors. Some of these results have been proven, some others are conjectures awaiting a proof, one of them involving hitherto unnoticed observations on ordinary representation theory of finite simple groups of Lie type
Let D be a simply laced Dynkin diagram of rank r whose affinization has the shape of a star (i.e., D4,E6,E7,E8). To such a diagram one can attach a group G whose generators correspond to the legs of the affinization, have orders equal to the leg lengths plus 1, and the product of the generators is 1. The group G is then a 2-dimensional crystallographic group: G=Z_l\ltimes Z^2, where l is 2,3,4, and 6, respectively. In this paper, we define a flat deformation H(t,q) of the group algebra C[G] of this group, by replacing the relations saying that the generators have prescribed orders by their def…
For a positive-definite, even, integral lattice $L$, the lattice vertex operator algebra $V_L$ is known to be rational and $C_2$-cofinite, and thus the fusion products of its modules always exist. The fusion product of two untwisted irreducible $V_L$-modules is well-known, namely $V_{L+λ} \boxtimes_{V_L} V_{L+μ} = V_{L + λ+ μ}$. In this paper, we determine the other two fusion products: $V_{L+λ} \boxtimes_{V_L} V_L^{T_χ}$ and $V_L^{T_{χ_1}} \boxtimes_{V_L} V_L^{T_{χ_2}}$.
In this paper, we continue our study of the Hilbert polynomials of coinvariants begun in our previous work math.QA/0205324 (paper I). We describe the sl_n-fusion products for symmetric tensor representations following the method of Feigin and Feigin, and show that their Hilbert polynomials are A_{n-1}-supernomials. We identify the fusion product of arbitrary irreducible sl_n-modules with the fusion product of their resctriction to sl_{n-1}. Then using the equivalence theorem from paper I and the results above for sl_3, we give a fermionic formula for the Hilbert polynomials of a class of affin…
$Q$-systems are recursion relations satisfied by the characters of the restrictions of special finite-dimensional modules of quantum affine algebras. They can also be viewed as mutations in certain cluster algebras, which have a natural quantum deformation. In this paper, we explain the relation in the simply-laced case between the resulting quantum $Q$-systems and the graded tensor product of Feigin and Loktev. We prove the graded version of the $M=N$ identities, and write expressions for these as non-commuting evaluated multi-residues of suitable products of solutions of the quantum $Q$-syst…
The fusion products of admissible representations of the su(2) WZW model at the fractional level k=-4/3 are analysed. It is found that some fusion products define representations for which the spectrum of L_0 is not bounded from below. Furthermore, the fusion products generate representations that are not completely reducible and for which the action of L_0 is not diagonalisable. The complete set of representations that is closed under fusion is identified, and the corresponding fusion rules are derived.
We define a symmetric tensor product on the Drinfeld centre of a symmetric fusion category, in addition to its usual tensor product. We examine what this tensor product looks like under Tannaka duality, identifying the symmetric fusion category with the representation category of a finite (super)-group. Under this identification, the Drinfeld centre is the category of equivariant vector bundles over the finite group (underlying the super-group, in the super case). In the non-super case, we show that the symmetric tensor product corresponds to the fibrewise tensor product of these vector bundle…
In this paper we find the fusion rules of the free wreath products $\widehatΓ\wr_*S_N^+$ for any (discrete) group $Γ$. To do this we describe the spaces of intertwiners between basic corepresentations which allows us to identify the irreducible corepresentations. We then apply the knowledge of the fusion rules to prove, in most cases, several operator algebraic properties of the associated reduced $C^*$-algebras such as simplicity and uniqueness of the trace. We also prove that the associated von Neumann algebra is a full type $II_1$-factor and that the dual of $\widehatΓ\wr_*S_N^+$ has the Ha…
