The analogs of Chevalley generators are offered for simple (and close to them) Z-graded complex Lie algebras and Lie superalgebras of polynomial growth without Cartan matrix. We show how to derive the defining relations between these generators and explicitly write them for a "most natural" ("distinguished" in terms of Penkov and Serganova) system of simple roots. The results are given mainly for Lie superalgebras whose component of degree zero is a Lie algebra (other cases being left to the reader). Observe presentations of exceptional Lie superalgebras and Lie superalgebras of hamiltonian vector fields. Now we can, at last, q-quantize the Lie Lie superalgebras of hamiltonian vector fields and Poisson superalgebras.
We derive explicit formulas for the inverses of the Cartan matrices of the simple Lie algebras and the basic classical Lie superalgebras, as well as for their infinite generalizations.
Finite dimensional modular Lie superalgebras over algebraically closed fields with indecomposable Cartan matrices are classified under some technical, most probably inessential, hypotheses. If the Cartan matrix is invertible, the corresponding Lie superalgebra is simple otherwise the quotient of the derived Lie superalgebra modulo center is simple (if its rank is greater than 1). Eleven new exceptional simple modular Lie superalgebras are discovered. Several features of classic notions, or notions themselves, are clarified or introduced, e.g., Cartan matrix, several versions of restrictedness …
Recently Alberto Elduque listed all simple and graded modulo 2 finite dimensional Lie algebras and superalgebras whose odd component is the spinor representation of the orthogonal Lie algebra equal to the even component, and discovered one exceptional such Lie superalgebra in characteristic 5. For this Lie superalgebra all inequivalent Cartan matrices (in other words, inequivalent systems of simple roots) are listed together with defining relations between analogs of its Chevalley generators.
All inequivalent Cartan matrices (in other words, inequivalent systems of simple roots) of the ten simple exceptional finite dimensional Lie superalgebras in characteristic 3, recently identified by Cunha and Elduque as constituents of Elduque's superization of the Freudenthal Magic Square, are listed together with defining relations between analogs of their Chevalley generators.
Let $\mathbb{k}$ be an algebraically closed field of characteristic $ p>0. $ In this short note, we illustrate a class of Lie superalgebras over $ \mathbb{k} $ such that the category of restricted supermodules is of one block. As an application, if $ p>3 $ and $ \mathfrak{g} $ is a graded restricted Cartan type Lie superalgebra of type W, S and H, then the category of restricted $ \mathfrak{g} $ supermodules is of one block.
Let $A_{m,n}$ be the tensor product of the polynomial algebra in $m$ even variables and the exterior algebra in $n$ odd variables over the complex field $\C$, and the Witt superalgebra $W_{m,n}$ be the Lie superalgebra of superderivations of $A_{m,n}$. In this paper, we classify the non-trivial simple bounded weight $W_{m,n}$ modules with respect to the standard Cartan algebra of $W_{m,n}$. Any such module is a simple quotient of a tensor module $F(P,L(V_1\otimes V_2))$ for a simple weight module $P$ over the Weyl superalgebra $\mathcal K_{m,n}$, a finite-dimensional simple $\gl_m$-module $V_1…
Using tensor categories, we present new constructions of several of the exceptional simple Lie superalgebras with integer Cartan matrix in characteristic $p = 3$ and $p = 5$ from the complete classification of modular Lie superalgebras with indecomposable Cartan matrix and their simple subquotients over algebraically closed fields by Bouarroudj, Grozman, and Leites in 2009. Specifically, let $\mathbfα_p$ denote the kernel of the Frobenius endomorphism on the additive group scheme $\mathbb{G}_a$ over an algebraically closed field of characteristic $p$. The Verlinde category $\mathrm{Ver}_p$ is …
For modular Lie superalgebras, new notions are introduced: Divided power homology and divided power cohomology. For illustration, we give presentations (in terms of analogs of Chevalley generators) of finite dimensional Lie (super)algebras with indecomposable Cartan matrix in characteristic 2 (and in other characteristics for completeness of the picture). We correct the currently available in the literature notions of Chevalley generators and Cartan matrix in the modular and super cases, and an auxiliary notion of the Dynkin diagram. In characteristic 2, the defining relations of simple classi…
We completely describe presentations of Lie superalgebras with Cartan matrix if they are simple Z-graded of polynomial growth. Such matrices can be neither integer nor symmetrizable. There are non-Serre relations encountered. In certain cases there are infinitely many relations. Our results are applicable to the Lie algebras with the same Cartan matrices as the Lie superalgebras considered.
Over algebraically closed fields of characteristic p>2, prolongations of the simple finite dimensional Lie algebras and Lie superalgebras with Cartan matrix are studied for certain simplest gradings of these algebras. Several new simple Lie superalgebras are discovered, serial and exceptional, including superBrown and superMelikyan superalgebras. Simple Lie superalgebras with Cartan matrix of rank 2 are classified.
In this paper we define integral forms for the universal enveloping superalgebras of the map superalgebras of Cartan type complex Lie superalgebras, and exhibit explicit integral bases for these integral forms.
Boe, Kujawa and Nakano recently investigated relative cohomology for classical Lie superalgebras and developed a theory of support varieties. The dimensions of these support varieties give a geometric interpretation of the combinatorial notions of defect and atypicality due to Kac, Wakimoto, and Serganova. In this paper we calculate the cohomology ring of the Cartan type Lie superalgebra W(n) relative to the degree zero component W(n)_{0} and show that this ring is a finitely generated polynomial ring. This allows one to define support varieties for finite dimensional W(n)-supermodules which a…
We introduce super Yangians of $\mathfrak{gl}(V),\mathfrak{sl}(V)$ (in the new Drinfeld realization) associated to all Dynkin diagrams of $\mathfrak{gl}(V)$, where $V$ is a finite-dimensional super vector space. We show that all of them are isomorphic to the super Yangians introduced by Maxim Nazarov, by identifying them with the corresponding RTT super Yangians. However, their "positive halves" are not pairwise isomorphic, and we obtain the shuffle algebra realizations of those. We adapt the latter to the trigonometric setup by obtaining the shuffle algebra realizations of the "positive halve…
A contragredient Lie superalgebra is a superalgebra defined by a Cartan matrix. A contragredient Lie superalgebra has finite-growth if the dimensions of the graded components (in the natural grading) depend polynomially on the degree. In this paper we classify finite-growth contragredient Lie superalgebras. Previously, such a classification was known only for the symmetrizable case.
A contragredient Lie superalgebra is a superalgebra defined by a Cartan matrix. In general, a contragredient Lie superalgebra is not finite dimensional, however it has a natural Z-grading by finite dimensional components. A contragredient Lie superalgebra has finite growth if the dimensions of these graded components depend polynomially on the degree. We discuss the classification of finite-growth contragredient Lie superalgebras. (Joint work with Vera Serganova)
We give an analog of a Chevalley-Serre presentation for the Lie superalgebras W(n) and S(n) of Cartan type. These are part of a wider class of Lie superalgebras, the so-called tensor hierarchy algebras, denoted W(g) and S(g), where g denotes the Kac-Moody algebra A_r, D_r or E_r. Then W(A_{n-1}) and S(A_{n-1}) are the Lie superalgebras W(n) and S(n). The algebras W(g) and S(g) are constructed from the Dynkin diagram of the Borcherds-Kac-Moody superalgebras B(g) obtained by adding a single grey node (representing an odd null root) to the Dynkin diagram of g. We redefine the algebras W(A_r) and …
For the exceptional finite-dimensional modular Lie superalgebras $\mathfrak{g}(A)$ with indecomposable Cartan matrix $A$, and their simple subquotients, we computed non-isomorphic Lie superalgebras constituting the homologies of the odd elements with zero square. These homologies are~key ingredients in the Duflo--Serganova approach to the representation theory. There were two definitions of defect of Lie superalgebras in the literature with different ranges of application. We suggest a third definition and an easy-to-use way to find its value. In positive characteristic, we found out one more …
In Kac's classification of finite-dimensional Lie superalgebras, the contragredient ones can be constructed from Dynkin diagrams similar to those of the simple finite-dimensional Lie algebras, but with additional types of nodes. For example, $A(n-1,0) = \mathfrak{sl}(1|n)$ can be constructed by adding a "gray" node to the Dynkin diagram of $A_{n-1} = \mathfrak{sl}(n)$, corresponding to an odd null root. The Cartan superalgebras constitute a different class, where the simplest example is $W(n)$, the derivation algebra of the Grassmann algebra on $n$ generators. Here we present a novel construct…
A Vogan diagram is a Dynkin diagram with a Cartan involution of twisted affine superlagebras based on maximally compact Cartan subalgebras. This article construct the Vogan diagrams of twisted affine superalgebras. It is a part of completion of classification of vogan diagrams to superalgebras cases.
This article classifies the real forms of Lie Superalgebra by Vogan diagrams, developing Borel and de Seibenthal theorem of semisimple Lie algebras for Lie superalgebras. A Vogan diagram is a Dynkin diagram of triplet $(\mathfrak{g}_{C},\mathfrak{h_{\bar{0}}},\triangle^{+})$, where $\mathfrak{g}_{C}$ is a real Lie superalgebra, $\mathfrak{h_{\bar{0}}}$ cartan subalgebra, $\triangle^{+}$ positive root system. Although the classification of real forms of contragradient Lie superalgebras is already done. But our method is a quicker one to classify.
Recently, Grozman and Leites returned to the original Cartan's description of Lie algebras to interpret the Melikyan algebras (for p<7) and several other little-known simple Lie algebras over algebraically closed fields for p=3 as subalgebras of Lie algebras of vector fields preserving nonintegrable distributions analogous to (or identical with) those preserved by G(2), O(7), Sp(4) and Sp(10). The description was performed in terms of Cartan-Tanaka-Shchepochkina prolongs using Shchepochkina's algorithm and with the help of SuperLie package. Grozman and Leites also found two new series of simpl…
In this paper, we characterize quasi-integrable modules, of nonzero level, over twisted affine Lie superalgebras. We show that quasi-integrable modules are not necessarily highest weight modules. We prove that each quasi-integrable module is parabolically induced from a cuspidal module, over a finite dimensional Lie superalgebra having a Cartan subalgebra whose corresponding root system just contain real roots; in particular, the classification of quasi-integrable modules is reduced to the known classification of cuspidal modules over such Lie superalgebras.
The aim is to determine the derivations of the three series of finite-dimensional Z-graded Lie superalgebras of Cartan-type over a field of characteristic p > 3, called the special odd Hamiltonian superalgebras. To that end we first determine the derivations of negative Z-degree for the restricted and simple special odd Hamiltonian superalgebras by means of weight space decompositions. Then the results are used to determine the derivations of negative Z-degree for the nonrestricted and non-simple special odd Hamiltonian superalgebras. Finally the derivation algebras and the outer derivation al…
In this paper we use the Etingof-Kazhdan quantization of Lie bi-superalgebras to investigate some interesting questions related to Drinfeld-Jimbo type superalgebra associated to a Lie superalgebra of classical type. It has been shown that the D-J type superalgebra associated to a Lie superalgebra of type A-G, with the distinguished Cartan matrix, is isomorphic to the E-K quantization of the Lie superalgebra. The first main result in the present paper is to extend this to arbitrary Cartan matrices. This paper also contains two other main results: 1) a theorem stating that all highest weight mod…
In the present paper we classify all irreducible continuous representations of the simple linearly compact n-Lie superalgebra of type W. The classification is based on a bijective correspondence between the continuous representations of the n-Lie algebras W^n and continuous representations of the Lie algebra of Cartan type W_{n-1}, on which some two-sided ideal acts trivially.
In 1960's I. Gelfand posed a problem: describe indecomposable representations of any simple infinite dimensional Lie algebra of polynomial vector fields. Here, by applying the elementary technique of Gelfand and Ponomarev, a toy model of the problem is solved: finite dimensional indecomposable representations of vect(0|2), the Lie superalgebra of vector fields on the (0|2)-dimensional superspace, are described. Since vect (0|2) is isomorphic to sl(1|2) and osp(2|2), their representations are also described. The result is generalized in two directions: for sl(1|n) and osp(2|2n). Independently a…
In the present paper we classify all irreducible continuous representations of the simple linearly compact n-Lie superalgebra of type S. The classification is based on a bijective correspondence between the continuous representations of the n-Lie algebras S^n and continuous representations of the Lie algebra of Cartan type S, on which some two-sided ideal acts trivially.
Let $A_{m,n}$ be the tensor product of the Laurient polynomial algebra in $m$ even variables and the exterior algebra in $n$ odd variables over the complex field $\bC$, and the Witt superalgebra $W_{m,n}$ be the Lie superalgebra of superderivations of $A_{m,n}$. In this paper, we classify the simple weight $W_{m,n}$ modules with finite-dimensional weight spaces with respect to the standard Cartan algebra of $W_{m,0}$. Every such module is either a simple quotient of a tensor module or a module of highest weight type.
We define and describe simple complex Lie superalgbras of vector fields on "supercircles" - simple stringy superalgebras. There are four series of such algebras and four exceptional stringy superalgebras. The 13 of the simple stringy Lie superalgebras are distinguished: only they have nontrivial central extensions; since two of the distinguish algebras have 3 nontrivial central extensions each, there are exactly 16 superizations of the Liouville action, Schroedinger equation, KdV hierarchy, etc. We also present the three nontrivial cocycles on the N=4 extended Neveu-Schwarz and Ramond superalg…
In this paper, we give a finite number of defining relations satisfied by a finite number of generators for the elliptic Lie algebras and superalgebras ${\frak g}_R$ with rank $\geq 2$. Here the $R$'s denote the reduced and non-reduced elliptic root systems with rank $\geq 2$. We also show that if ${\cal L}$ is an extended affine Lie algebra (EALA) whose non-isotropic roots form the $R$, then there exists a natural homomorphism ${\cal F}:{\frak g}_R \to{\cal L}$, which also give a universal central extension (UCE) surjective map from $[{\frak g}_R,{\frak g}_R]$ to the core of ${\cal L}$. (More…
An algorithm for embedding finite dimensional Lie algebras into Lie algebras of vector fields (and Lie superalgebras into Lie superalgebras of vector fields) is offered in a way applicable over ground fields of any characteristic. The algorithm is illustrated by reproducing Cartan's interpretations of the Lie algebra of G(2) as the Lie algebra that preserves certain non-integrable distributions. Similar algorithm and interpretation are applicable to other exceptional simple Lie algebras, as well as to all non-exceptional simple ones and many non-simple ones, and to many Lie superalgebras.
A Lie (super)algebra with a non-degenerate invariant symmetric bilinear form will be called a NIS-Lie (super)algebra. The double extension of a NIS-Lie (super)algebra is the result of simultaneously adding to it a central element and an outer derivation so that the larger algebra has also a NIS. Affine loop algebras, Lie (super)algebras with symmetrizable Cartan matrix over any field, Manin triples, symplectic reflection (super)algebras are among the Lie (super)algebras suitable to be doubly extended. We consider double extensions of Lie superalgebras in characteristic 2, and concentrate on pe…
This paper is primarily concerned with generalized reduced Verma modules over $\mathbb{Z}$-graded modular Lie superalgebras. Some properties of the generalized reduced Verma modules and the coinduced modules are obtained. Moreover, the invariant forms on the generalized reduced Verma modules are considered. In particular, we prove that the generalized reduced Verma module is isomorphic to the mixed product for modules of $\mathbb{Z}$-graded modular Lie superalgebras of Cartan type.
Chevalley's theorem states that for any simple finite dimensional Lie algebra G (1) the restriction homomorphism of the algebra of polynomials on G onto the Cartan subalgebra H induces an isomorphism between the algebra of G-invariant polynomials on G with the algebra of W-invariant polynomals on H, where W is the Weyl group of G, (2) each G-invariant polynomial is a linear combination of the powers of traces tr r(x), where r is a finite dimensional representation of G. None of these facts is necessarily true for simple Lie superalgebras. We reformulate Chevalley's theorem so as to embrace Lie…
We find the characteristic identities for the split Casimir operator in the defining and adjoint representations of the $osp(M|N)$ and $s\ell(M|N)$ Lie superalgebras. These identities are used to build the projectors onto invariant subspaces of the representation $T^{\otimes 2}$ of the $osp(M|N)$ and $s\ell(M|N)$ Lie superalgebras in the cases when $T$ is the defining and adjoint representations. For defining representations, the $osp(M|N)$- and $s\ell(M|N)$-invariant solutions of the Yang-Baxter equation are expressed as rational functions of the split Casimir operator. For the adjoint repres…
I present a construction of connected affine algebraic supergroups G_V associated with simple Lie superalgebras g of Cartan type and with g-modules V. Conversely, I prove that every connected affine algebraic supergroup whose tangent Lie superalgebra is of Cartan type is necessarily isomorphic to one of the supergroups G_V that I introduced. In particular, the supergroup constructed in this way associated with g := W(n) and its standard representation is described somewhat more in detail. In addition, *** an "Erratum" is added here *** after the main text to fix a mistake which was kindly poin…
Let $\FRAK{g}$ be a classical simple Lie superalgebra. To every nilpotent orbit $\cal O$ in $\FRAK{g}_0$ we associate a Clifford algebra over the field of rational functions on $\cal O$. We find the rank, $k(\cal O)$ of the bilinear form defining this Clifford algebra, and deduce a lower bound on the multiplicity of a $U(\FRAK{g})$-module with $\cal O$ or an orbital subvariety of $\cal O$ as associated variety. In some cases we obtain modules where the lower bound on multiplicity is attained using parabolic induction. The invariant $k(\cal O)$ is in many cases, equal to the odd dimension of th…
We prove Conjecture 5.7 in [arXiv:1409.2532], describing all inclusions between primitive ideals for the general linear superalgebra in terms of the Ext1-quiver of simple highest weight modules. For arbitrary basic classical Lie superalgebras, we formulate two types of Kazhdan-Lusztig quasi-orders on the dual of the Cartan subalgebra, where one corresponds to the above conjecture. Both orders can be seen as generalisations of the left Kazhdan-Lusztig order on Hecke algebras and are related to categorical braid group actions. We prove that the primitive spectrum is always described by one of th…
The Lie superalgebra $W(\infty)$ is defined to be the direct limit of the simple finite-dimensional Cartan type Lie superalgebras $W(n)$ as $n$ goes to infinity, where $W(n)$ denotes the Lie superalgebra of superderivations of the Grassmann algebra $Λ(n)$. The zeroth component of $W(\infty)$ in its natural $\mathbb{Z}$-grading is isomorphic to $\mathfrak{gl}(\infty)$. In this paper, we initiate the study of the representation theory of $W(\infty)$. We study $\mathbb{Z}$-graded $W(\infty)$-modules, and we introduce a category $\mathbb{T}_W$ that is closely related to the Koszul category $\mathb…
The motivation comes from boson fermion correspondence. This article shows for each fermionic root there is correspondence a bosonic root, as a result we get for each Dynkin diagram of Lie Superalgebra a corresponding flip Dynkin Superdiagram. This article construct all the filp Dynkin Superdiagrams of Lie superalgebras(LS). This can create non conjugate classes Borel subalgebra (subsuperalgebras) or non isomorphic Dynkin diagrams of LS using \inδsequences. We have got the defining relations for the both the Dynkin diagrams and flip Dynkin diagrams.
We first review some invariant theoretic results about the finite subgroups of SU(2) in a quick algebraic way by using the McKay correspondence and quantum affine Cartan matrices. By the way it turns out that some parameters (a,b,h;p,q,r) that one usually associates with such a group and hence with a simply-laced Coxeter-Dynkin diagram have a meaningful definition for the non-simply-laced diagrams, too, and as a byproduct we extend Saito's formula for the determinant of the Cartan matrix to all cases. Returning to invariant theory we show that for each irreducible representation i of a binary …
The aim of this paper is to give a survey of nonassociative Hom-algebra and Hom-superalgebra structures. The main feature of these algebras is that the identities defining the structures are twisted by homomorphisms. We discuss Hom-associative algebras, Hom-Flexible algebras, Hom-Lie algebras, $G$-hom-associative algebras, Hom-Poisson algebras, Hom-alternative algebras and Hom-Jordan algebras and $\mathbb{Z}_2$-graded versions. We give an overview of the development of Hom-algebras structures which have been intensively investigated recently.
