A pair of adjoint functors $(F,G)$ is called a Frobenius pair of the second type if $G$ is a left adjoint of $βFα$ for some category equivalences $α$ and $β$. Frobenius ring extensions of the second kind provide examples of Frobenius pairs of the second kind. We study Frobenius pairs of the second kind between categories of modules, comodules, and comodules over a coring. We also show that a finitely generated projective Hopf algebra over a commutative ring is always a Frobenius extension of the second kind, and prove that the integral spaces of the Hopf algebra and its dual are isomorphic.
We investigate functors between abelian categories having a left adjoint and a right adjoint that are \emph{similar} (these functors are called \emph{quasi-Frobenius functors}). We introduce the notion of a \emph{quasi-Frobenius bimodule} and give a characterization of these bimodules in terms of quasi-Frobenius functors. Some applications to corings and graded rings are presented. In particular, the concept of quasi-Frobenius homomorphism of corings is introduced. Finally, a version of the endomorphism ring Theorem for quasi-Frobenius extensions in terms of corings is obtained.
We investigate Frobenius pairs between categories of comodules over rather general corings. We particularize to the case of the adjoint pair of functors associated to a morphism of corings over different base rings, which leads to a reasonable notion of Frobenius coring extension. When applied to corings stemming from entwining structures, we obtain new results in this setting.
We investigate the property of being Frobenius for some functors strictly related with Hopf modules over a bialgebra and how this property reflects on the latter. In particular, we characterize one-sided Hopf algebras with anti-(co)multiplicative one-sided antipode as those for which the free Hopf module functor is Frobenius. As a by-product, this leads us to relate the property of being an FH-algebra (in the sense of Pareigis) for a given bialgebra with the property of being Frobenius for certain naturally associated functors.
We investigate adjoint and Frobenius pairs between categories of comodules over rather general corings. We particularize to the case of the adjoint pair of functors associated to a morphism of corings over different base rings, which leads to a reasonable notion of Frobenius coring extension. When applied to corings stemming from entwining structures, we obtain new results in this setting and in graded ring theory.
We establish relations between Gorenstein projective precovers linked by Frobenius functors. This is motivated by an open problem that how to find general classes of rings for which modules have Gorenstein projective precovers. It is shown that if $F:\C\rightarrow\D$ is a separable Frobenius functor between abelian categories with enough projective objects, then every object in $\C$ has a Gorenstein projective precover provided that every object in $\D$ has a Gorenstein projective precover. This result is applied to separable Frobenius extensions and excellent extensions.
Given a complete, cocomplete category $\mathcal C$, we investigate the problem of describing those small categories $I$ such that the diagonal functor $Δ:\mathcal C\to {\rm Functors}(I,\mathcal C)$ is a Frobenius functor. This condition can be rephrased by saying that the limits and the colimits of functors $I\to\mathcal C$ are naturally isomorphic. We find necessary conditions on $I$ for a certain class of categories $\mathcal C$, and, as an application, we give both necessary and sufficient conditions in the two special cases $\mathcal C={\bf Set}$ or $_R\mathcal M$, the category of left mod…
We prove that a quasi-bialgebra admits a preantipode if and only if the associated free quasi-Hopf bimodule functor is Frobenius, if and only if the relative (opmonoidal) monad is a Hopf monad. The same results hold in particular for a bialgebra, tightening the connection between Hopf and Frobenius properties.
Given a ring $A$ and an $A$-coring $\cC$ we study when the forgetful functor from the category of right $\cC$-comodules to the category of right $A$-modules and its right adjoint $-\otimes_A\cC$ are separable. We then proceed to study when the induction functor $-\otimes_A\cC$ is also the left adjoint of the forgetful functor. This question is closely related to the problem when $A\to {}_A{\rm Hom}(\cC,A)$ is a Frobenius extension. We introduce the notion of a Galois coring and analyse when the tensor functor over the subring of $A$ fixed under the coaction of $\cC$ is an equivalence. We also …
We study co-Frobenius and more generally Quasi-co-Frobenius corings over arbitrary baserings and over PF baserings in particular. We generalize some results about (Quasi-) co-Frobenius coalgebras to the case of non-commutative base rings and give several new characterisations for co-Frobenius and Quasi-co-Frobenius corings, some of them are new even in the coalgebra situation. We construct Morita contexts to study Frobenius properies of corings and a second kind of Morita contexts to study adjoint pairs. Comparing both Morita contexts, we obtain our main result that characterises (Quasi-) co-F…
Let $\Cc$ and $\Dd$ be two corings over a ring $A$ and $\Cc\stackrelλ{\longrightarrow}\Dd$ be a morphism of corings. We investigate the situation when the associated induced ("corestriction of scalars") functor $\Mm^\Cc\longrightarrow \Mm^\Dd$ is a Frobenius functor, and call these morphisms Frobenius extensions of corings. The characterization theorem generalizes notions such as Frobenius corings and is applied to several situations; in particular, provided some (general enough) flatness conditions hold, the notion proves to be dual to that of Frobenius extensions of rings (algebras). Several…
We introduce separable functors of the second kind (or $H$-separable functors) and $H$-Maschke functors. $H$-separable functors are generalizations of separable functors. Various necessary and sufficient conditions for a functor to be $H$-separable or $H$-Maschke, in terms of generalized (co)Casimir elements (integrals, in the case of Hopf algebras), are given. An $H$-separable functor is always $H$-Maschke, but the converse holds in particular situations. A special role will be played by Frobenius functors and their relations to $H$-separability. Our concepts are applied to modules, comodules…
Firm Frobenius algebras are firm algebras and counital coalgebras such that the comultiplication is a bimodule map. They are investigated by categorical methods based on a study of adjunctions and lifted functors. Their categories of comodules and of firm modules are shown to be isomorphic if and only if a canonical comparison functor from the category of comodules to the category of non-unital modules factorizes through the category of firm modules. This happens for example if the underlying algebra possesses local units, e.g. the firm Frobenius algebra arises from a co-Frobenius coalgebra ov…
A.S. Dugas and R. Martínez-Villa proved in \cite[Corollary 5.1]{dm} that if there exists a stable equivalence of Morita type between the $k$-algebras $Λ$ and $Γ$, then it is possible to replace $Λ$ by a Morita equivalent $k$-algebra $Δ$ such that $Γ$ is a subring of $Δ$ and the induction and restriction functors induce inverse stable equivalences. In this note we give an affirmative answer to a question of Alex Dugas about the existence of a $Γ$-coring structure on $Δ$. We do this by showing that $Δ$ is a Frobenius extension of $Γ$.
In Secion~1 we describe what is known of the extent to which a separable extension of unital associative rings is a Frobenius extension. A problem of this kind is suggested by asking if three algebraic axioms for finite Jones index subfactors are dependent. In Section~2 the problem in the title is formulated in terms of separable bimodules. In Section~3 we specialize the problem to ring extensions, noting that a biseparable extension is a two-sided finitely generated projective, split, separable extension. Some reductions of the problem are discussed and solutions in special cases are provided…
We characterize noncommutative Frobenius algebras A in terms of the existence of a coproduct which is a map of left A^e-modules. We show that the category of right (left) comodules over A, relative to this coproduct, is isomorphic to the category of right (left) modules. This isomorphism enables a reformulation of the cotensor product of Eilenberg and Moore as a functor of modules rather than comodules. We prove that the cotensor product M \Box N of a right A-module M and a left A-module N is isomorphic to the vector space of homomorphisms from a particular left A^e-module D to N \otimes M, vi…
We study when induction functors (and their adjoints) between categories of Doi-Hopf modules and, more generally, entwined modules are separable, resp. Frobenius. We present a unified approach, leading to new proofs of old results by the authors, as well as to some new ones. Also our methods provide a categorical explanation for the relationship between separability and Frobenius properties.
Comparing self-dual corings, Frobenius corings and Ringel self-duality
Swansea University（斯旺西大学）；University of Białystok（比亚韦斯托克大学）；University of Bielefeld（比勒费尔德大学）；TRR 358, University of Bielefeld（比勒费尔德大学 TRR 358）；University of Stuttgart（斯图加特大学）；Uppsala University（乌普萨拉大学）
Given a morphism of (small) groupoids with injective object map, we provide sufficient and necessary conditions under which the induction and co-induction functors between the categories of linear representations are naturally isomorphic. A morphism with this property is termed a Frobenius morphism of groupoids. As a consequence, an extension by a subgroupoid is Frobenius if and only if each fibre of the (left or right) pull-back biset has finitely many orbits. Our results extend and clarify the classical Frobenius reciprocity formulae in the theory of finite groups, and characterize Frobenius…
We define twisted Frobenius extensions of graded superrings. We develop equivalent definitions in terms of bimodule isomorphisms, trace maps, bilinear forms, and dual sets of generators. The motivation for our study comes from categorification, where one is often interested in the adjointness properties of induction and restriction functors. We show that $A$ is a twisted Frobenius extension of $B$ if and only if induction of $B$-modules to $A$-modules is twisted shifted right adjoint to restriction of $A$-modules to $B$-modules. A large (non-exhaustive) class of examples is given by the fact t…
Let $R$, $S$ be two rings, $C$ an $R$-coring and ${}_{R}^C{\mathcal M}$ the category of left $C$-comodules. The category ${\bf Rep}\, ( {}_{R}^C{\mathcal M}, {}_{S}{\mathcal M} )$ of all representable functors ${}_{R}^C{\mathcal M} \to {}_{S}{\mathcal M}$ is shown to be equivalent to the opposite of the category ${}_{R}^C{\mathcal M}_S$. For $U$ an $(S,R)$-bimodule we give necessary and sufficient conditions for the induction functor $U\otimes_R - : {}_{R}^C\mathcal{M} \to {}_{S}\mathcal{M}$ to be: a representable functor, an equivalence of categories, a separable or a Frobenius functor. The l…
Consider the obvious functor from the unbounded derived category of all finitely generated modules over a left noetherian ring $R$ to the unbounded derived category of all modules. We answer the natural question whether this functor defines an equivalence onto the full subcategory of complexes with finitely generated cohomology modules in two special cases. If $R$ is a quasi-Frobenius ring of infinite global dimension, then this functor is not full. If $R$ has finite left global dimension, this functor is an equivalence. We also prove variants of the latter assertion for left coherent rings, f…
With applications in mind to the representations and cohomology of block algebras, we examine elements of the graded center of a triangulated category when the category has a Serre functor. These are natural transformations from the identity functor to powers of the shift functor that commute with the shift functor We show that such natural transformations which have support in a single shift orbit of indecomposable objects are necessarily of a kind previously constructed by Linckelmann. Under further conditions, when the support is contained in only finitely many shift orbits, sums of transfo…
In this paper we study initial topological properties of the (non-)finitely-generated locus of Frobenius Algebra coming from Stanley-Reisner rings defined through face ideals. More specifically, we will give a partial answer to a conjecture made by M. Katzman about the openness of the finitely generated locus of such Frobenius algebras. This conjecture can be formulated in a precise manner: Let us define \begin{equation*} U=\{P\in \text{Spec}(R)~:~\mathcal{F}(E_{R_{p}})~\text{is a finitely generated}~R_{p}\text{-algebra}\} \end{equation*} where $\mathcal{F}$ denotes the Frobenius functor and $…
We generalise notions of Gorenstein homological algebra for rings to the context of arbitrary abelian categories. The results are strongest for module categories of rngs with enough idempotents. We also reformulate the notion of Frobenius extensions of noetherian rings into a setting which allows for direct generalisation to arbitrary abelian categories. The abstract theory is then applied to the BGG category O for Lie superalgebras, which can now be seen as a "Frobenius extension" of the corresponding category for the underlying Lie algebra and is therefore "Gorenstein". In particular we obta…
