A diameter bound for closed, hyperbolic 3-manifolds

On the maximal number and the diameter of exceptional surgery slope sets

Concerning the set of exceptional surgery slopes for a hyperbolic knot, Lackenby and Meyerhoff proved that the maximal cardinality is 10 and the maximal diameter is 8. Their proof is computer-aided in part, and both bounds are achieved simultaneously. In this note, it is observed that the diameter bound 8 implies the maximal cardinality bound 10 for exceptional surgery slope sets. This follows from the next known fact: For a hyperbolic knot, there exists a slope on the peripheral torus such that all exceptional surgery slopes have distance at most two from the slope. We also show that, in gene…

The diameter of random Belyi surfaces

We determine the asymptotic growth rate of the diameter of the random hyperbolic surfaces constructed by Brooks and Makover. This model consists of a uniform gluing of $2n$ hyperbolic ideal triangles along their sides followed by a compactification to get a random hyperbolic surface of genus roughly $n/2$. We show that the diameter of those random surfaces is asymptotic to $2 \log n$ in probability as $n \to \infty$.

Embedding closed hyperbolic 3-manifolds in small volume hyperbolic 4-manifolds

In this paper we study existence and lack thereof of closed embedded orientable co-dimension one totally geodesic submanifolds of minimal volume cusped orientable hyperbolic manifolds.

Simple closed geodesics in cusped hyperbolic 3-manifolds

We show that cusped finite-volume hyperbolic 3-manifolds contain infinitely many simple closed geodesics.

Genus 2 closed hyperbolic 3-manifolds of arbitrarily large volume

We describe a class of genus 2 closed hyperbolic 3-manifolds of arbitrarily large volume.

Thurston's Spinning Construction and Solutions to the Hyperbolic Gluing Equations for Closed Hyperbolic 3-Manifolds

We show that the hyperbolic structure on a closed, orientable, hyperbolic 3-manifold can be constructed from a solution to the hyperbolic gluing equations using any triangulation with essential edges. The key ingredients in the proof are Thurston's spinning construction and a volume rigidity result attributed by Dunfield to Thurston, Gromov and Goldman. As an application, we show that this gives a new algorithm to detect hyperbolic structures on closed 3-manifolds.

Convex plumbings in closed hyperbolic 4-manifolds

We show that every plumbing of disc bundles over surfaces whose genera satisfy a simple inequality may be embedded as a convex submanifold in some closed hyperbolic four-manifold. In particular its interior has a geometrically finite hyperbolic structure that covers a closed hyperbolic four-manifold.

Closed Quasi-Fuchsian Surfaces In Hyperbolic Knot Complements

We show that every hyperbolic knot complement contains a closed quasi-Fuchsian surface.

Counting Essential Surfaces in a Closed Hyperbolic 3-Manifold

Let M be a closed hyperbolic 3-manifold. We show that the number of genus g surface subgroups of the fundamental group of M grows like g^{2g}.

Closed Geodesic Length Bounds of Hyperbolic Link Complements in Hyperbolic $3$-Manifolds

Let $M$ be a compact hyperbolic $3$-manifold with volume $V$. Let $L$ be a link such that $M\setminus L$ is hyperbolic. For any hyperbolic link $L$ in $M$, in this article, we establish an upper bound of the length of an $n^{th}$ shortest closed geodesic as a logarithmic function of $V$ in $M\setminus L$. Our works complement the work of Lakeland and Leininger \cite{Christopher} on the upper bound of systole length.

Minimal length of nonsimple closed geodesics on hyperbolic surfaces

In the present paper, we show that the minimal length of closed geodesics on finite-type hyperbolic surfaces with self-intersection number $k$ has order $2\log k$ as $k$ gets large.

Two-sided asymptotic bounds for the complexity of some closed hyperbolic three-manifolds

We establish two-sided bounds for the complexity of two infinite series of closed orientable 3-dimensional hyperbolic manifolds, the Lobell manifolds and the Fibonacci manifolds.

A geometric property of closed geodesics on hyperbolic surfaces

We study closed geodesics on hyperbolic surfaces, and give bounds for their angles of intersection and self-intersection, and for the sides of the polygons that they form, depending only on the lengths of the geodesics

The G-index of a closed, spin, hyperbolic manifold of dimension 2 or 4

In this paper, we develop general techniques for computing the G-index of a closed, spin, hyperbolic 2- or 4-manifold, and apply these techniques to compute the G-index of the fully symmetric spin structure of the Davis hyperbolic 4-manifold.

新随机超曲面模型的直径

Diameter of a new model of random hyperbolic surfaces

本文研究了基于随机图的新随机超曲面模型的直径，发现其渐进行为与亏格呈对数关系。

Primitive stable closed hyperbolic 3-manifolds

We show that closed 3-manifolds with high Heegaard distance and bounded subsurface Heegaard distance are primitive stable when they are regarded as representations from the free group corresponding to the handlebody. This implies that any point on the boundary of Schottky space can be approximated by primitive stable representations corresponding to closed hyperbolic 3-manifolds.

Immersing almost geodesic surfaces in a closed hyperbolic three manifold

Let M be a closed hyperbolic three manifold. We construct closed surfaces which map by immersions into M so that for each one the corresponding mapping on the universal covering spaces is an embedding, or, in other words, the corresponding induced mapping on fundamental groups is an injection.

双曲曲面上闭测地线的显式李括号及其应用

Explicit Lie bracket of closed geodesics on a hyperbolic surface with applications

本文开发了一套非欧几里得平面几何方法工具箱，基于闭测地线构造性地定义了有向闭曲线形变类上的Goldman括号，并以此代数刻画双曲曲面上无自相交的闭测地线。

闭双曲流形中的简单测地线

Simple geodesics in closed hyperbolic manifolds

该研究针对闭双曲n-流形，证明了长度足够大的随机闭测地线具有指定宽度的领圈，且大部分此类测地线是简单的，正面回答了Kirby列表中的相关问题。

On the Hyperbolic Gluing Equations and Representations of Fundamental Groups of Closed 3-Manifolds

We show that for a representation of the fundamental group of a triangulated closed 3-manifold (not necessarily hyperbolic) into $\PSL$ so that any edge loop has non-trivial image under the representation, there exist uncountably many solutions to the hyperbolic gluing equation whose associated representations are conjugate to the given representation, and whose volumes are equal to the volume of the given representation.

Virtual Homological Torsion of Closed Hyperbolic 3-manifolds

In this paper, we will use Kahn-Markovic's almost totally geodesic surfaces to construct certain $π_1$-injective 2-complexes in closed hyperbolic 3-manifolds. Such 2-complexes are locally almost totally geodesic except along a 1-dimensional subcomplex. Using Agol and Wise's result that fundamental groups of hyperbolic 3-manifolds are LERF and quasi-convex subgroups are virtual retract, we will show that closed hyperbolic 3-manifolds virtually contain any prescribed homological torsion: For any finite abelian group $A$, and any closed hyperbolic 3-manifold $M$, there exists a finite cover $N$ o…

Homology of curves and surfaces in closed hyperbolic 3-manifolds

Among other things, we prove the following two topologcal statements about closed hyperbolic 3-manifolds. First, every rational second homology class of a closed hyperbolic 3-manifold has a positve integral multiple represented by an oriented connected closed $π_1$-injectively immersed quasi-Fuchsian subsurface. Second, every rationally null-homologous, $π_1$-injectively immersed oriented closed 1-submanifold in a closed hyperbolic 3-manifold has an equidegree finite cover which bounds an oriented compact $π_1$-injective immersed quasi-Fuchsian subsurface. In part, we exploit techniques develo…

Algorithmic detection and description of hyperbolic structures on closed 3-manifolds with solvable word problem

We outline a rigorous algorithm, first suggested by Casson, for determining whether a closed orientable 3-manifold M is hyperbolic, and to compute the hyperbolic structure, if one exists. The algorithm requires that a procedure has been given to solve the word problem in π_1(M).

Circular characteristics and fibrations of hyperbolic closed 3-manifolds

This article provides sufficient conditions for a closed hyperbolic 3-manifold $M$ with non zero first Betti number to fiber over the circle, and to find a fiber in $M$. Those conditions are formulated in terms of the behavior the circular characteristic in finite regular covers of $M$. We define the circular characteristic as an invariant associated to a non trivial cohomology class $α$ of $M$, using a Heegaard characteristic.

交点极少的双曲曲面上的闭测地线

Closed geodesics on hyperbolic surfaces with few intersections

本研究针对完备有限型双曲曲面上自交点数≥2的闭测地线，证明其长度有紧下界$2\log(5+2\sqrt6)$，且该下界可在三穿孔球面的螺旋测地线上取到。

Systoles of hyperbolic 4-manifolds

We prove that for any \e>0, there exists a closed hyperbolic 4-manifold with a closed geodesic of length < \e.

Closed hyperbolic manifolds without $\text{spin}^c$ structures

In all dimensions $n \ge 5$, we prove the existence of closed orientable hyperbolic manifolds that do not admit any $\text{spin}^c$ structure, and in fact we show that there are infinitely many commensurability classes of such manifolds. These manifolds all have non-vanishing third Stiefel--Whitney class $w_3$ and are all arithmetic of simplest type. More generally, we show that for each $k \ge 1$ and $n \ge 4k+1$, there exist infinitely many commensurability classes of closed orientable hyperbolic $n$-manifolds $M$ with $w_{4k-1}(M) \ne 0$.

双曲曲面上具有给定相交数的非简单闭测地线

Nonsimple closed geodesics with given intersection number on hyperbolic surfaces

该研究改进了双曲曲面上自相交数为k的闭测地线最小长度公式成立的阈值，将其从k>10^13350降至k>1750，且给出了独立于原有结论的证明。

Generalization of a formula of Wolpert for balanced geodesic graphs on closed hyperbolic surfaces

A well-known theorem of Wolpert shows that the Weil-Petersson symplectic form on Teichmüller space, computed on two infinitesimal twists along simple closed geodesics on a fixed hyperbolic surface, equals the sum of the cosines of the intersection angles. We define an infinitesimal deformation starting from a more general object, namely a balanced geodesic graph, by which any tangent vector to Teichmüller space can be represented. We then prove a generalization of Wolpert's formula for these deformations. In the case of simple closed curves, we recover the theorem of Wolpert.

Exceptional hyperbolic 3-manifolds

We correct and complete a conjecture of D. Gabai, R. Meyerhoff and N. Thurston on the classification and properties of thin tubed closed hyperbolic 3-manifolds. We additionally show that if N is a closed hyperbolic 3-manifold, then either N=Vol3 or N contains a closed geodesic that is the core of an embedded tube of radius log(3)/2.

一些闭双曲5-流形

Some closed hyperbolic 5-manifolds

本文给出了一族由117964800个Coxeter单纯棱柱副本平铺的闭算术双曲5-流形的显式构造，研究了其体积和第一Betti数等性质，并描述了一个体积更大但构造更简单的相关5-流形族。

Verified computations for closed hyperbolic 3-manifolds

Extending methods first used by Casson, we show how to verify a hyperbolic structure on a finite triangulation of a closed 3-manifold using interval arithmetic methods. A key ingredient is a new theoretical result (akin to a theorem by Neumann-Zagier and Moser for ideal triangulations upon which HIKMOT is based) showing that there is a redundancy among the edge equations if the edges avoid "gimbal lock". We successfully test the algorithm on known examples such as the orientable closed manifolds in the Hodgson-Weeks census and the bundle census by Bell. We also tackle a previously unsolved pro…

关于闭双曲曲面的长度集

On the length sets of closed hyperbolic surfaces

研究亏格\(g\geq6\)闭双曲曲面，通过泰希米勒空间相关证明，得出对于特定例外集外双曲度量，长度至多为\(L\)的不同本原闭测地线长度数量有下界\(\tau(d)e^{\delta(g)L}\)且\(\delta(g)>\frac{1}{2}\)的结论。

Homotopy Hyperbolic 3-Manifolds are Hyperbolic

This paper introduces a rigorous computer-assisted procedure for analyzing hyperbolic 3-manifolds. This technique is used to complete the proof of several long-standing rigidity conjectures in 3-manifold theory as well as to provide a new lower bound for the volume of a closed orientable hyperbolic 3-manifold. We prove the following result: \it\noindent Let $N$ be a closed hyperbolic 3-manifold. Then \begin{enumerate} \item[(1)] If $f\colon M \to N$ is a homotopy equivalence where $M$ is a closed irreducible 3-manifold, then $f$ is homotopic to a homeomorphism. \item[(2)] If $f,g\colon M\to N$…

极小化双曲多边形上闭合台球轨迹的长度

Minimising length of closed billiard trajectories on hyperbolic polygons

本文研究双曲多边形上闭合台球轨迹的平均长度极小化问题，利用 Teichmueller 理论证明偶数边直角多边形和 Lambert 四边形分别在各自情形下使平均长度达到极小。

Experiments suggesting that the distribution of the hyperbolic length of closed geodesics sampling by word length is Gaussian

Each free homotopy class of directed closed curves on a surface with boundary can be described by a cyclic reduced word in the generators of the fundamental group and their inverses. The word length is the number of letters of the cyclic word. If the surface has a hyperbolic metric with geodesic boundary, the geometric length of the class is the length of the unique geodesic. By computer experiments, we investigate the distribution of the geometric length among all classes with a given word length in the pair of pants surface. Our experiments strongly suggest that the distribution is normal.

关于双曲曲面到双曲3-流形的等变嵌入

On equivariant embeddings of hyperbolic surfaces into hyperbolic 3-manifolds

本文研究了闭双曲曲面到闭双曲3-流形的全测地嵌入及其等变版本，特别探讨了可定向曲面上的大反向作用及不可定向曲面上的大作用。

Building hyperbolic metrics suited to closed curves and applications to lifting simply

Let $γ$ be an essential closed curve with at most $k$ self-intersections on a surface $\mathcal{S}$ with negative Euler characteristic. In this paper, we construct a hyperbolic metric $ρ$ for which $γ$ has length at most $M \cdot \sqrt{k}$, where $M$ is a constant depending only on the topology of $\mathcal{S}$. Moreover, the injectivity radius of $ρ$ is at least $1/(2\sqrt{k})$. This yields linear upper bounds in terms of self-intersection number on the minimum degree of a cover to which $γ$ lifts as a simple closed curve (i.e. lifts simply). We also show that if $γ$ is a closed curve with le…

有界秩的算术双曲流形

Arithmetic hyperbolic manifolds with bounded rank

该研究证明有界秩的闭算术双曲n-流形具有有界伴随迹场次数与下界有界内射半径，进而得到闭算术双曲3-流形的可公度类有限、海加德亏格与秩的关系等推论。

Coarse hyperbolicity and closed orbits for quasigeodesic flows

We prove Calegari's conjecture that every quasigeodesic flow on a closed hyperbolic 3-manifold has closed orbits.

平凡群的Artin表示与双曲闭纯3-辫

Artin Presentations of the Trivial Group and Hyperbolic Closed Pure $3$-Braids

本文研究源自六缠结的特殊带标架链环，分析六缠结对称性并给出平凡群的Artin n-表示列表，同时借助已有结果确定了双曲闭纯3-辫的范围。

Fibred and Virtually Fibred hyperbolic 3-manifolds in the censuses

Following on from work of Dunfield, we determine the fibred status of all the unknown hyperbolic 3-manifolds in the cusped census. We then find all the fibred hyperbolic 3-manifolds in the closed census and use this to find over 100 examples each of closed and cusped virtually fibred non-fibred census 3-manifolds, including the Weeks manifold. We also show that the co-rank of the fundamental group of every 3-manifold in the cusped and in the closed census is 0 or 1.

Quasi-Fuchsian Surfaces In Hyperbolic Link Complements

We show that every hyperbolic link complement contains closed quasi-Fuchsian surfaces. As a consequence, we obtain the result that on a hyperbolic link complement, if we remove from each cusp of the manifold a certain finite set of slopes, then all remaining Dehn fillings on the link complement yield manifolds with closed immersed incompressible surfaces.

球面流形中的双曲小结

Hyperbolic small knots in spherical manifolds

针对Lopez关于闭不可约非Haken 3-流形包含小结的猜想，本文构造了除棱镜流形外大多数闭可定向球面3-流形中双曲小结的显式例子。

Volume and topology of bounded and closed hyperbolic 3-manifolds

Let N be a compact, orientable hyperbolic 3-manifold with connected, totally geodesic boundary of genus 2. If N has Heegaard genus at least 5, then its volume is greater than 6.89. The proof of this result uses the following dichotomy: either N has a long return path (defined by Kojima-Miyamoto), or N has an embedded, codimension-0 submanifold X with incompressible boundary $T \sqcup \partial N$, where T is the frontier of X in N, which is not a book of I-bundles. As an application of this result, we show that if M is a closed, orientable hyperbolic 3-manifold such that H_1(M;Z_2) has dimensio…

Arc and curve graphs for infinite-type surfaces

We study arc graphs and curve graphs for surfaces of infinite topological type. First, we define an arc graph relative to a finite number of (isolated) punctures and prove that it is a connected, uniformly hyperbolic graph of infinite diameter; this extends a recent result of J. Bavard to a large class of punctured surfaces. Second, we study the subgraph of the curve graph spanned by those elements which intersect a fixed separating curve on the surface. We show that this graph has infinite diameter and geometric rank 3, and thus is not hyperbolic.

有限和闭合双曲3流形的体积和拓扑，II

Volume and topology of bounded and closed hyperbolic 3-manifolds, II

该研究改进了双曲3流形体积的下界，证明了特定条件下流形的Betti数上限，并提供了新的体积下界结果。

Dehn surgery, homology and hyperbolic volume

If a closed, orientable hyperbolic 3--manifold M has volume at most 1.22 then H_1(M;Z_p) has dimension at most 2 for every prime p not 2 or 7, and H_1(M;Z_2) and H_1(M;Z_7) have dimension at most 3. The proof combines several deep results about hyperbolic 3--manifolds. The strategy is to compare the volume of a tube about a shortest closed geodesic C in M with the volumes of tubes about short closed geodesics in a sequence of hyperbolic manifolds obtained from M by Dehn surgeries on C.

Bounding surface actions on hyperbolic spaces

We give a diameter bound for fundamental domains for isometric actions of the fundamental group of a closed hyperbolic surface on a delta-hyperbolic space, where the bound depends on the hyperbolicity constant delta, the genus of the surface, and the injectivity radius of the action, which we assume to be strictly positive.

The shortest non-simple closed geodesics on hyperbolic surfaces

This article explores closed geodesics on hyperbolic surfaces. We show that, for sufficiently large $k$, the shortest closed geodesics with at least $k$ self-intersections, taken among all hyperbolic surfaces, all lie on an ideal pair of pants and have length $2\arccosh(2k+1)$.

Complements of tori in $\#_{2k}S^2 \times S^2$ that admit a hyperbolic structure

We construct examples of codimension two hyperbolic link complements in closed smooth 4-manifolds with homeomorphism type $\#_{2k}S^2 \times S^2$. All our examples are based on a construction of J. Ratcliffe and S. Tschantz, who constructed 1171 non-compact finite volume hyperbolic 4-manifolds of minimal volume. We then give necessary conditions for a closed smooth simply connected 4-manifold to contain a codimension two link complement that admits a hyperbolic structure.

Kissing numbers of closed hyperbolic manifolds

We prove an upper bound for the number of shortest closed geodesics in a closed hyperbolic manifold of any dimension in terms of its volume and systole, generalizing a theorem of Parlier for surfaces. We also obtain bounds on the number of primitive closed geodesics with length in a given interval that are uniform for all closed hyperbolic manifolds with bounded geometry. The proofs rely on the Selberg trace formula.

Counting Mapping Class group orbits on hyperbolic surfaces

Let $S_{g,n}$ be a surface of genus $g $ with $n$ marked points. Let $X$ be a complete hyperbolic metric on $S_{g,n}$ with $n$ cusps. Every isotopy class $[γ]$ of a closed curve $γ\in π_{1}(S_{g,n})$ contains a unique closed geodesic on $X$. Let $\ell_γ(X)$ denote the hyperbolic length of the geodesic representative of $γ$ on $X$. In this paper, we study the asymptotic growth of the lengths of closed curves of a fixed topological type on $S_{g,n}.$ As an application, one can obtain the asymptotics of the growth of $s^{k}_{X}(L)$, the number of closed curves of length $\leq L$ on $X$ with at mo…

On a Closed Binding Curve of One-holed Torus

Given a closed binding curve $γ$ of a surface $Σ$, any equivalence class of marked complete hyperbolic structure can be decomposed into polygons(possibly with a puncture) with sides being hyperbolic geodesic segments. When $Σ$ is a one-holed torus and $γ= A^3 B^2$, we show that any equivalence class of marked complete hyperbolic structure gives rise to an equilateral bigon with a puncture and a hexagon with equal opposite sides. In particular, we give a new coordinates of the Fricke Space of the one-holed torus.