We develop an intersection theory for a singular hemitian line bundle with positive curvature current on a smooth projective variety and irreducible curves on the variety. And we prove the existence of a natural rational fibration structure associated with the singular hermitian line bundle. Also for any pseudoeffective line bundle on a smooth projective variety, we prove the existence of a rational natural fibration structure associated with the line bundle.
We also characterize a numerically trivial singular hermitain line bundle on a smooth projective variety.
Roughly speaking, by using the semi-stable minimal model program, we prove that the moduli part of an lc-trivial fibration coincides with that of a klt-trivial fibration induced by adjunction after taking a suitable generically finite cover. As an application, we obtain that the moduli part of an lc-trivial fibration is b-nef and abundant by Ambro's result on klt-trivial fibrations.
We give a criterion for a flat fibration with affine plane fibers over a smooth scheme defined over a field of characteristic zero to be a Zariski locally trivial $\mathbb{A}^2$-bundle. An application is a positive answer to a version of the Dolgachev-Weisfeiler Conjecture for such fibrations: a flat fibration $\mathbb{A}^m$ $\rightarrow$ $\mathbb{A}^n$ with all fibers isomorphic to $\mathbb{A}^2$ is the trivial $\mathbb{A}^2$-bundle.
We study very basic slc-trivial fibrations. We show that restricting on any lc center of a very basic slc-trivial fibration, its moduli part is numerically trivial if and only if it is $\mathbb Q$-linearly trivial. We then prove that abundance conjecture for very basic slc-trivial fibrations holds true in dimension two when the moduli part is $\mathbb Q$-Cartier. As an application, we prove that the log canonical ring of a projective plt pair with Kodaira dimension 3 is finitely generated.
Four-folds with trivial canonical bundles are divided into six classes according to their holonomy group. We consider examples that are fibred by abelian surfaces over the projective plane. We construct such fibrations in five of the six classes, and prove that there is no such fibration in the sixth class. We classify all such fibrations whose generic fibre is the Jacobian of a genus two curve.
We introduce the notion of basic slc-trivial fibrations. It is a generalization of that of Ambro's lc-trivial fibrations. Then we study fundamental properties of basic slc-trivial fibrations by using the theory of variations of mixed Hodge structure on cohomology with compact support. More precisely, we prove that the moduli part of a basic slc-trivial fibration is b-strongly nef. Note that the notion of basic slc-trivial fibrations is closely related to that of normal irreducible quasi-log canonical pairs. So the results obtained in this paper will play an important role in the theory of quas…
We study the Gromov-Witten and Donaldson-Thomas correspondence conjectured in [MNOP1, MNOP2], for trivial elliptic fibrations. In particular, we verify the Gromov-Witten and Donaldson-Thomas correspondence for primary fields when the threefold is $E \times S$ where $E$ is a smooth elliptic curve and $S$ is a smooth surface with numerically trivial canonical class.
The Reduction Map Theorem in H. Tsuji's work on numerical trivial fibrations is corrected and proven. To this purpose various definitions of Tsuji's new intersection numbers for pseudo-effective line bundles equipped with a positive singular hermitian metric are compared and their equivalence on sufficiently general smooth curves is shown. Numerically trivial varieties are characterized by a decomposition property of the curvature current. An important adjustment to the Reduction Map Theorem is to consider the fact that plurisubharmonic functions are singular on pluripolar sets.
Modifying the notion of numerically trivial foliation of a pseudo-effective line bundle L introduced by the author in math.AG/0304312 it can be shown that the leaves of this foliation have codimension bigger or equal to the numerical dimension of L as defined by Boucksom, Demailly, Paun and Peternell, math.AG/0405285. Furthermore, if the Kodaira dimension of L equals its numerical dimension the Kodaira-Iitaka fibration is its numerically trivial foliation. Both statements together yield a sufficient criterion for L not being abundant.
We prove that the moduli b-divisor of an lc-trivial fibration from a log canonical pair is log abundant. The result follows from a theorem on the restriction of the moduli b-divisor, based on a theory of lc-trivial morphisms, which allows us to treat $\mathbb{R}$-divisors and proper morphisms possibly with disconnected fibres. We also prove a theorem on extending a finite cover over a closed subvariety to that over a variety in arbitrary characteristic.
Guillet and Soulé have shown that, for a fibration $π: Y \to X$ with fibre $Z$, locally trivial in the Zariski topology, we have a decomposition \[ [Y] = [X] \cdot [Z], \] where $[\cdot]$ denotes a class in the Grothendieck group $K_{0}(\mathcal{M}_{Rat}(k))$ associated to the category of (pure effective) Chow motives $\mathcal{M}_{Rat}(k)$ for a field $k$. By assuming some additional properties for the fibre $Z$, we construct an explicit isomorphism $h(Y) \cong h(X) \otimes h(Z)$ in the category $\mathcal{M}_{Rat}(k)$, and we use it to prove, for this type of fibrations, some conjectures diss…
We study duality spectral sequences for Weierstrass fibrations. Using these spectral sequences, we show that on a K-trivial Weierstrass threefold over a K-numerically trivial surface, any line bundle of nonzero fiber degree is taken by a Fourier-Mukai transform to a slope stable locally free sheaf.
Motivated by an example, due to Voisin, of a smooth simply-connected projective variety with trivial canonical class and cyclic Picard group, admitting a meromorphic endomorphism of high degree, we study meromorphic fibrations on certain varieties with trivial canonical class. We show (theorem 2.1) that any nontrivial meromorphic fibration of a variety with trivial canonical class and cyclic Picard group is in varieties of general type. Therefore, Voisin's endomorphism cannot preserve a fibration, at least in the generic case. As this example is symplectic, we study meromorphic fibrations on s…
We give a criterion to determine when the degree growth of a birational map of the complex projective plane which fixes (the action on the basis of the fibration is trivial) a rational fibration is linear up to conjugacy. We also compute the centraliser of such maps. It allows us to describe the centraliser of the birational maps of the complex projective plane which preserve a rational fibration (the action on the basis of the fibration being not necessarily trivial); this question is related to some classical problems of difference equations.
Let f : S --> B be a non-trivial family of semi-stable curves of genus g, N the number of critical points of f and s the number of singular fibres. We prove the inequality N < (4g+2)(s+2g(B)-2) .
Given a positive singular hermitian metric of a pseudoeffective line bundle on a complex Kaehler manifold, a singular foliation is constructed satisfying certain analytic analogues of numerical conditions. This foliation refines Tsuji's numerically trivial fibration and the Iitaka fibration. Using almost positive singular hermitian metrics with analytic singularities on a pseudo-effective line bundle, a foliation is constructed refining the nef fibration. If the singularities of the foliation are isolated points, the codimension of the leaves is an upper bound to the numerical dimension of the…
We prove a structure theorem for the Albanese maps of varieties with Q-linearly trivial log canonical divisors. Our start point is the action of a nonlinear algebraic group on a projective variety.
Obstructions for codimension one multiple fibers of Lagrangian and Calabi--Yau fibrations
Columbia University（哥伦比亚大学）；Korea Institute for Advanced Study（韩国高等研究院）；National Center for Theoretical Sciences, National Taiwan University（台湾大学理论科学研究中心）；University of Sheffield（谢菲尔德大学）
Let X ->Y be a Zariski locally trivial fibration of smooth complex projective varieties, with fiber F. We give a structure theorem for the derived category of X provided both F and Z have a full strongly exceptional collection of line bundles.
In this note we show that if a compact Kahler manifold with trivial canonical bundle is the total space of a holomorphic fibration without singular fibers, then the fibration is a holomorphic fiber bundle. In the algebraic case, the fibration becomes trivial after a finite base change.
The goal of this paper is to present a modified version (GML) of ML invariant which should take into account rulings over a projective base and allow further stratification of smooth affine rational surfaces. We provide a non-trivial example where GML invariant is computed for a smooth affine rational surface admitting no C-actions. We apply GML invariant to computation of ML invariant of some threefolds.
We study a family of polynomials introduced by Daigle and Freudenburg, which contains the famous Vénéreau polynomials and defines $\mathbb{A}^2$-fibrations over $\mathbb{A}^2$. According to the Dolgachev-Weisfeiler conjecture, every such fibration should have the structure of a locally trivial $\mathbb{A}^2$-bundle over $\mathbb{A}^2$. We follow an idea of Kaliman and Zaidenberg to show that these fibrations are locally trivial $\mathbb{A}^2$-bundles over the punctured plane, all of the same specific form $X_f$, depending on an element $f\in k[a^{\pm 1},b^{\pm 1}][x]$. We then introduce the no…
Let E be an elliptic curve over the function field Q(t). Suppose that for every number field L\not=Q and every element tau\in L such that the specialization E_tau is smooth, the curve E_tau has a non-trivial torsion point over L. We show that E has a non-trivial torsion point over Q(t). This provides evidence in support of a question of Graber-Harris-Mazur-Starr on rational pseudo-sections of arithmetic surjective morphisms.
Let $f:\, S \to B$ be a locally non-trivial relatively minimal fibration of hyperelliptic curves of genus $g\geq 2$ with relative irregularity $q_f$. We show a sharp lower bound on the slope $λ_f$ of $f$. As a consequence, we prove a conjecture of Barja and Stoppino on the lower bound of $λ_f$ as an increasing function of $q_f$ in this case, and we also prove a conjecture of Xiao on the ampleness of the direct image of the relative canonical sheaf if $λ_f<4$.
Let $ϕ:X\rightarrow B$ be a Lagrangian fibration on a projective irreducible hyper-Kähler manifold of dimension $\leq8$. Let $M\in {\rm Pic}\,X$ be a line bundle whose restriction to the general fiber $X_b$ of $ϕ$ is topologically trivial. We prove that if the fibration has maximal variation or is isotrivial, the set of points $b$ such that the restriction $M_{\mid X_b}$ is torsion is dense in $B$. We give an application to the Chow ring of $X$. We prove a similar result for elliptic fibrations which gives a toy model for the argument.
We compute characteristic numbers of elliptically fibered fourfolds with multisections or non-trivial Mordell-Weil groups. We first consider the models of type E$_{9-d}$ with $d=1,2,3,4$ whose generic fibers are normal elliptic curves of degree $d$. We then analyze the characteristic numbers of the $Q_7$-model, which provides a smooth model for elliptic fibrations of rank one and generalizes the E$_5$, E$_6$, and E$_7$-models. Finally, we examine the characteristic numbers of $G$-models with $G=\text{SO}(n)$ with $n=3,4,5,6$ and $G=\text{PSU}(3)$ whose Mordell-Weil groups are respectively $\ma…
Given a complex projective manifold $X$ and a divisor $D$ with normal crossings, we say that the logarithmic tangent bundle $T_X(-\log D)$ is R-flat if its pull-back to the normalization of any rational curve contained in $X$ is the trivial vector bundle. If moreover $-(K_X+D)$ is nef, then the log canonical divisor $K_X+D$ is torsion and the maximally rationally chain connected fibration turns out to be a smooth locally trivial fibration with typical fiber $F$ being a toric variety with boundary divisor $D_{|F}$.
In this paper we investigate the numerical properties of relatively minimal isotrivial fibrations $φ\colon X \lr C$, where $X$ is a smooth, projective surface and $C$ is a curve. In particular we prove that, if $g(C) \geq 1$ and $X$ is neither ruled nor isomorphic to a quasi-bundle, then $K_X^2 \leq 8 χ(\mO_X)-2$; this inequality is sharp and if equality holds then $X$ is a minimal surface of general type whose canonical model has precisely two ordinary double points as singularities. Under the further assumption that $K_X$ is ample, we obtain $K_X^2 \leq 8 χ(\mO_X)-5$ and the inequality is al…
Let $X$ be a projective variety with log terminal singularities and vanishing augmented irregularity. In this paper we prove that if $X$ admits a relatively minimal genus one fibration then it does contain a subvariety of codimension one covered by rational curves contracted by the fibration. We then focus on the case of varieties with numerically trivial canonical bundle and we discuss several consequences of this result.
We prove some results on the fibers and images of rational maps from a hyper-Kähler manifold. We study in particular the minimal genus of fibers of a fibration into curves. The last section of this paper is devoted to the study of the rational map defined by a linear system on a hyper-Kähler fourfold satisfying numerical conditions similar to those considered by O'Grady in his study of fourfolds numerically equivalent to $K3^{[2]}$. We extend his results to this more general context.
In this paper we show that a smooth toric variety $X$ of Picard number $r\leq 3$ always admits a nef primitive collection supported on a hyperplane admitting non-trivial intersection with the cone $\Nef(X)$ of numerically effective divisors and cutting a facet of the pseudo-effective cone $\Eff(X)$, that is $\Nef(X)\cap\partial\overline{\Eff}(X)\neq\{0\}$. In particular this means that $X$ admits non-trivial and non-big numerically effective divisors. Geometrically this guarantees the existence of a fiber type contraction morphism over a smooth toric variety of dimension and Picard number lowe…
Let $X$ be a hyperkähler variety, and let $Z\subset X$ be a Lagrangian subvariety. Conjecturally, $Z$ should have trivial intersection with certain parts of the Chow ring of $X$. We prove this conjecture for certain Hilbert schemes $X$ having a Lagrangian fibration, and $Z\subset X$ a general fibre of the Lagrangian fibration.
We propose a variant of the effective adjunction conjecture for lc-trivial fibrations. This variant is suitable for inductions and can be used to treat real coefficients.
This paper contains two results on Hodge loci in the moduli space of curves. The first concerns fibrations over curves with a non-trivial flat part in the Fujita decomposition. If local Torelli theorem holds for the fibres and the fibration is non-trivial, an appropriate exterior power of the cohomology of the fiber admits a Hodge substructure. In the case of curves it follows that the moduli image of the fibers is contained in a proper Hodge locus. The second result deals with divisors in the moduli space of curves. It is proved that the image of a divisor in the moduli of principally polariz…
We prove a "Generic Equivalence Theorem which says that two affine morphisms $p: S \to Y$ and $q: T \to Y$ of varieties with isomorphic (closed) fibers become isomorphic under a dominant etale base change $ϕ: U \to Y$. A special case is the following result. Call a morphism $ϕ: X \to Y$ a "fibration with fiber $F$" if $ϕ$ is flat and all fibers are (reduced and) isomorphic to $F$. Then an affine fibration with fiber $F$ admits an etale dominant morphism $μ: U \to Y$ such that the pull-back is a trivial fiber bundle: $U\times_Y X \simeq U\times F$. As an application we give short proofs of the …
The aim of this paper is to study the Okounkov bodies associated to abundant divisors. As a main result, we prove that the valuative Okounkov bodies of an abundant divisor encode all the numerical properties. We apply this result to recover the asymptotic base loci of an abundant divisor from the valuative Okounkov bodies. We also give a criterion of when the valuative and limiting Okounkov bodies of an abundant divisor coincide by comparing their Euclidean volumes. To obtain these results, we prove some variants of Fujita's approximations for Okounkov bodies using Iitaka fibrations.
In this note, we prove effective semi-ampleness conjecture due to Prokhorov and Shokurov for a special case, more concretely, for Q-Gorenstein klt-trivial fibrations over smooth projective curves whose fibers are all klt log Calabi-Yau pairs of Fano type.
It has been conjectured by Prokhorov and Shokurov that the moduli part in the canonical bundle formula is effectively b-semiample. In this work we reduce this conjecture to the case where the base of the fibration has dimension one. Moreover, in the case where the moduli part M is numerically trivial, we prove the existence of an integer m, that depends only on the middle Betti number of a canonical covering of the fibre, such that mM is linearly equivalent to the trivial bundle.
Let $C$ be a hyperelliptic curve of genus $g \geq 3$. We give a new description of the theta map for moduli spaces of rank 2 semistable vector bundles with trivial determinant. In orther to do this, we describe a fibration of (a birational model of) the moduli space, whose fibers are GIT quotients $(\mathbb{P}^1)^{2g}//\operatorname{PGL(2)}$. Then, we use recent results of Kumar to identify the restriction of the theta map to these GIT quotients with some explicit osculating projection. As a corollary of this construction, we obtain a birational equivalence between the ramification locus of th…
We introduce a new model for elliptic fibrations endowed with a Mordell-Weil group of rank one. We call it a Q$_7(\mathscr{L},\mathscr{S})$ model. It naturally generalizes several previous models of elliptic fibrations popular in the F-theory literature. The model is also explicitly smooth, thus relevant physical quantities can be computed in terms of topological invariants in straight manner. Since the general fiber is defined by a cubic curve, basic arithmetic operations on the curve can be done using the chord-tangent group law. We will use this model to determine the spectrum of singular f…
We study relative integral functors for singular schemes and characterise those which preserve boundness and those which have integral right adjoints. We prove that a relative integral functor is an equivalence if and only if its restriction to every fibre is an equivalence. This allows us to construct a non-trivial auto-equivalence of the derived category of an arbitrary genus one fibration with no conditions on either the base or the total space and getting rid of the usual assumption of irreducibility of the fibres. We also extend to Cohen-Macaulay schemes the criterion of Bondal and Orlov …
Let $X$ be a projective surface or a hyperkähler manifold and $G \le Aut(X)$. We give a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of a non-trivial $G$-equivariant fibration on $X$. We also show that two automorphisms $g_i$ of positive entropy and polarized by the same nef divisor are the same up to powers, provided that either $X$ is not an abelian surface or the $g_i$ share at least one common periodic point. The surface case is known among experts, but we treat this case together with the hyperkähler case using the same language of hyperbolic lattice and following Ratcliffe or Ogu…
We study topologically trivial $G$-Higgs bundles over an elliptic curve $X$ when the structure group $G$ is a connected real form of a complex semisimple Lie group $G^{\mathbb{C}}$. We achieve a description of their (reduced) moduli space, the associated Hitchin fibration and the finite morphism to the moduli space of $G^{\mathbb{C}}$-Higgs bundles.
We give a simplified proof (in characteristic zero) of the decomposition theorem for complex projective varieties with klt singularities and numerically trivial canonical bundle. The proof rests in an essential way on most of the partial results of the previous proof obtained by many authors, but avoids those in positive characteristic by S. Druel. The single to some extent new contribution is an algebraicity and bimeromorphic splitting result for generically locally trivial fibrations with fibres without holomorphic vector fields. We give first the proof in the easier smooth case, following t…
