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arXiv cs/0602010cs.CC
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通过温度编程降低自组装的瓦片复杂性

Reducing Tile Complexity for Self-Assembly Through Temperature Programming

Ming-Yang Kao, Robert Schweller

摘要:

我们认为瓷砖自组装模型和瓷砖的复杂性,可以消除允许的自组装系统的温度在整个组装过程中进行调整。要做到这一点,我们提出了新的技术,用于设计瓦片集,允许任意长度的$m$二进制数被编码成序列的$O(m)$温度变化,使得瓦片集唯一地组装一个超级瓦片,精确地编码相应的二进制数。作为一个应用程序,我们展示了如何提供一个大小为O(1)的一般瓦片集,它能够唯一地组装基本上任何$n\times n$广场,其中组装的广场是由长度为$O(\log n)$的温度序列编码的二进制描述$n$。当系统的温度固定时,这使得瓦片复杂性从几乎所有$n$所需的$Ω(\frac{\log n}{\log\log n})$显著降低。我们进一步表明,对于几乎所有的$n$,没有瓷砖系统可以同时实现$o(\log n)$温度复杂性和$o(\frac{\log n}{\log\log n})$瓷砖复杂性,表明这两个版本的最佳广场建设计划已被发现。这项工作表明,温度变化可以构成一个自然的,动态的方法,提供输入到自组装系统,这是潜在的优于目前的技术设计大型瓷砖集与特定的输入硬连线到tillable。

英文摘要:

We consider the tile self-assembly model and how tile complexity can be eliminated by permitting the temperature of the self-assembly system to be adjusted throughout the assembly process. To do this, we propose novel techniques for designing tile sets that permit an arbitrary length $m$ binary number to be encoded into a sequence of $O(m)$ temperature changes such that the tile set uniquely assembles a supertile that precisely encodes the corresponding binary number. As an application, we show how this provides a general tile set of size O(1) that is capable of uniquely assembling essentially any $n\times n$ square, where the assembled square is determined by a temperature sequence of length $O(\log n)$ that encodes a binary description of $n$. This yields an important decrease in tile complexity from the required $Ω(\frac{\log n}{\log\log n})$ for almost all $n$ when the temperature of the system is fixed. We further show that for almost all $n$, no tile system can simultaneously achieve both $o(\log n)$ temperature complexity and $o(\frac{\log n}{\log\log n})$ tile complexity, showing that both versions of an optimal square building scheme have been discovered. This work suggests that temperature change can constitute a natural, dynamic method for providing input to self-assembly systems that is potentially superior to the current technique of designing large tile sets with specific inputs hardwired into the tileset.

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