自组装中的非合作算法
Noncooperative algorithms in self-assembly
摘要：
我们展示了第一个非平凡的积极的算法结果（即程序的输出大于其大小），在一个模型的自组装，到目前为止，已经抵制了许多尝试的正式分析或编程：平面非合作的变体Winfree的抽象瓷砖组装模型。在过去的15年里，这个模型一直是几个开放问题和模型的中心，关于它的计算能力的第一个完全通用的结果直到最近才得到证明（SODA 2014）。这些结果，以及我们的结果，揭示了自组装中可能发生的计算和几何之间的复杂联系。在此模型中，只要瓷砖的一条边与现有组件匹配，瓷砖就可以粘到现有组件上。该特征与一般的协作模型形成对比，在一般的协作模型中，可以要求图块在其侧的\emph{several}上匹配以便绑定。为了描述我们的算法，我们还介绍了一个泛化的正则表达式称为巴金斯表达式。最后，我们将此模型与其他自动机理论模型进行了比较。
英文摘要：
We show the first non-trivial positive algorithmic results (i.e. programs whose output is larger than their size), in a model of self-assembly that has so far resisted many attempts of formal analysis or programming: the planar non-cooperative variant of Winfree's abstract Tile Assembly Model. This model has been the center of several open problems and conjectures in the last fifteen years, and the first fully general results on its computational power were only proven recently (SODA 2014). These results, as well as ours, exemplify the intricate connections between computation and geometry that can occur in self-assembly. In this model, tiles can stick to an existing assembly as soon as one of their sides matches the existing assembly. This feature contrasts with the general cooperative model, where it can be required that tiles match on \emph{several} of their sides in order to bind. In order to describe our algorithms, we also introduce a generalization of regular expressions called Baggins expressions. Finally, we compare this model to other automata-theoretic models.
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