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arXiv 2603.03079physics.geo-ph
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基于概率和警报的b值驱动深度学习地震预测评估

Probabilistic and Alarm-Based Evaluation of a b-Value-Driven Deep Learning Earthquake Forecast

Frankfurt Institute of Advanced Studies(法兰克福高等研究院);Goethe-University Frankfurt(法兰克福歌德大学)

Jonas Köhler, Wei Li, Johannes Faber, Georg Rümpker, Nishtha Srivastava

AI总结:

本文通过概率和警报评估方法,展示基于b值驱动的深度学习模型在短期地震预测中具有有限但一致的改进效果。

摘要:

我们评估了一个深度学习模型的预测性能,该模型最初作为模式提取框架引入,用于在短期预测背景下分析地震b值的时空演变。模型输出被重新缩放以考虑在平衡数据集上的训练,并通过Brier技能分数(BSS)与空间基率模型进行比较。绝对技能值较小,但平均BSS值始终为正,包括在测试期间发生Mw≥5地震的地点,表明信息内容超越了历史地震活动本身。使用Molchan图进行警报基于评估显示,在低警报分数(事件捕获率为5.88%,在1%的警报面积下)时,事件捕获率升高,表明在受限制的警报条件下,鉴别能力超过随机和纯粹空间参考模型。与ETAS衍生的触发概率相比,进一步揭示了弱正相关,表明模型输出对具有增强聚类和近期活动特征的地震环境部分敏感,但仍不同于经典余震描述。综合来看,这些结果表明,b值的时空变化包含一个持续但有限的信号,与概率地震预测相关,通过互补的评估框架,在基线模型上产生微小但一致的改进。

英文摘要:

We evaluate the forecasting performance of a deep learning model, originally introduced as a pattern-extraction framework, that operates on the spatiotemporal evolution of seismic b-values in a short-term forecasting context. Model output is rescaled to account for training on balanced datasets and evaluated relative to a spatial base-rate model using the Brier Skill Score (BSS). Absolute skill values are small, but mean BSS values are consistently positive, including at locations where Mw geq 5 earthquakes occurred during the test period, indicating information content beyond historical seismicity alone. Alarm-based evaluation using Molchan diagrams shows elevated event capture rates at low alarm fractions (5.88 percent of events captured at 1 percent area under alarm), indicating discrimination exceeding random and purely spatial reference models under constrained alarm conditions. Comparison with ETAS-derived triggered probabilities further reveals a weak positive correlation, suggesting partial sensitivity of the model output to seismic regimes characterized by enhanced clustering and recent activity, while remaining distinct from classical aftershock-based descriptions. Together, these results indicate that spatiotemporal variations in b-values contain a persistent, though limited, signal relevant to probabilistic earthquake forecasting, yielding marginal but consistent improvements over baseline models across complementary evaluation frameworks.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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