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arXiv 2602.04403math.CO
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偶孔图中不含诱导七顶点路径的最优着色界

The optimal chromatic bound for even-hole-free graphs without induced seven-vertex paths

School of Mathematical Sciences and LPMC, Nankai University(南开大学数学科学学院和LPMC);College of Computer Science, Nankai University(南开大学计算机学院);Department of Mathematics, Hanyang University(汉阳大学数学系)

Shenwei Huang, Yidong Zhou, Yeonsu Chang

AI总结:

本文证明了不含诱导七顶点路径的偶孔图的色数与clique数之间的最优界,并扩展了前人结果,同时验证了Reed猜想。

摘要:

偶孔图类本身及其与完美图的关系已被广泛研究。本文研究了偶孔图的χ-有界性,这是图论中的一个重要主题。特别是,我们证明了每一个不含诱导七顶点路径的偶孔图G都满足χ(G)≤⌈5/4ω(G)⌉,其中χ(G)和ω(G)分别表示G的色数和 clique 数。此界是最佳的。我们的结果严格扩展了Karthick和Maffary在2019年关于不含诱导六顶点路径的偶孔图的结果,并表明不含诱导七顶点路径的偶孔图满足Reed的猜想。我们的证明依赖于对称为“nice blowup of a five-cycle”的最大子结构的深入结构分析,可以视为在所有孔都是五边形(近年来图形中所有孔具有相同长度的图形引起越来越多的兴趣)的图中。我们的结果为Wang和Wu关于所有孔都是五边形的图的猜想提供了一个部分答案。其中一个关键技术成分是一个通过 clique cutset 论证结合无限下降法(通常用于数论)证明的技术引理。

英文摘要:

The class of even-hole-free graphs has been extensively studied on its own and on its relation to perfect graphs. In this paper, we study the $χ$-boundedness of even-hole-free graphs which itself is an important topic in graph theory. In particular, we prove that every even-hole-free graph $G$ without induced 7-vertex paths satisfies $χ(G)\le \lceil\frac{5}{4}ω(G)\rceil$, where $χ(G)$ and $ω(G)$ denote the chromatic number and clique number of $G$, respectively. This bound is optimal. Our result strictly extends the result of Karthick and Maffary \cite{KM19} on even-hole-free graphs without induced 6-vertex paths, and implies that even-hole-free graphs without induced 7-vertex paths satisfy Reed's Conjecture. Our proof relies on a heavy structural analysis on a maximal substructure called a nice blowup of a five-cycle and can be viewed for graphs in which all holes are of length five (graphs with all holes having the same length gain increasing interest in recent years \cite{COOK202496}). Our result gives a partial answer to a conjecture of Wang and Wu \cite{WW25} on graphs in which all holes are of length 5. One of the key technical ingredients is a technical lemma proved via clique cutset argument combined with the idea of Infinite Descent Method (often used in number theory).

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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