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arXiv 2501.02563math.CO
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具有大第三个特征值的图

On graphs with large third eigenvalue

University of Cambridge(剑桥大学)

Giacomo Leonida, Sida Li

AI总结:

本文研究了具有大第三个特征值的图,证明了强正则图、正则线图和阿贝尔群上的柯莱利图的特征值不等式,并探讨了加权图中特征值的最小化问题。

摘要:

给定一个图 $G$,令其邻接矩阵的第三个最大的特征值为 $λ_3$。在本文中,我们证明了若干结果,旨在证明猜想 $λ_3(G) \le \frac{|V(G)|}{3}$,该猜想源于Nikiforov的问题。我们推广了已知的构造,使得 $λ_3(G) = \frac{|V(G)|}{3} - 1$,并证明该不等式对于强正则图、正则线图或阿贝尔群上的柯莱利图成立。我们还考虑了在加权图上最小化 $λ_{n-1}$ 的扩展问题,并将存在具有简单最终特征值的最小化器的存在性归结为一个11顶点图的顶点乘法。我们证明了加权图上最小 $λ_{n-1}$ 至少不超过无权图上最小 $λ_{n-1}$ 的 $O(\sqrt{n})$ 范围。

英文摘要:

Given a graph $G$, let $λ_3$ denote the third largest eigenvalue of its adjacency matrix. In this paper, we prove various results towards the conjecture that $λ_3(G) \le \frac{|V(G)|}{3}$, motivated by a question of Nikiforov. We generalise the known constructions that yield $λ_3(G) = \frac{|V(G)|}{3} - 1$ and prove the inequality holds for $G$ strongly regular, a regular line graph or a Cayley graph on an abelian group. We also consider the extended problem of minimising $λ_{n-1}$ on weighted graphs and reduce the existence of a minimiser with simple final eigenvalue to a vertex multiplication of a graph on 11 vertices. We prove that the minimal $λ_{n-1}$ over weighted graphs is at most $O(\sqrt{n})$ from the minimal $λ_{n-1}$ over unweighted graphs.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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