arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
北美退伍军人节(Veterans Day),12 日无更新
arXiv 2409.04282physics.plasm-phnlin.PS
收藏

空气中正流注头部的宏观参数化

Macroscopic parameterization of positive streamer heads in air

Dennis Bouwman, Jannis Teunissen, Ute Ebert

AI总结:

针对空气中正流注头部难以测量的物理量,本文提出并验证了一个由三个一阶常微分方程组成的宏观近似模型,该模型通过速度、半径和背景场关联流注头部特性,与经典流体模型完整解高度吻合,可用于实验评估及多流注集体动力学建模。

摘要:

流注放电的增长是由其头部决定的,这不仅适用于单个流注,也适用于集体现象,如闪电先导前方的流注树、电晕或流注爆发。流注头部的一些特性,如速度 $v$ 和半径 $R$,现在已经可以很好地测量,但对于其他特性,如最大电场、流注头部的电荷量以及流注通道中的化学激发和电离程度,测量仍然非常具有挑战性。在这里,我们开发、测试并评估了一种空气中正流注头部的宏观近似方法,该方法将流注头部的各宏观特性相互关联起来。特别地,我们发现,如果流注稳定传播,速度 $v$、半径 $R$ 和背景场 $E_{\ m bg}$ 能够确定具有光致电离的流注头部的完整轮廓。我们还回顾了 Naidis 关于 $v$、$R$ 和最大场 $E_{\ m max}$ 之间的近似关系。本文开发的近似头部模型由沿流注轴线的三个一阶常微分方程组成。它是通过假设轴对称性、稳定流注传播(即具有恒定速度和形状)以及流注头部周围电荷层呈球形,从流注放电的经典流体模型推导而来的。这个新的简化模型与经典流体模型的完整解吻合得很好,即使应用于加速流注时也是如此。因此,该模型可用于实验评估,例如根据流注的半径和速度确定最大电场。它也是迈向构建多流注放电集体动力学简化模型的一步。

英文摘要:

The growth of streamer discharges is determined at their heads, for individual streamers as well as in collective phenomena, such as streamer trees or coronas or streamer bursts ahead of lightning leaders. Some properties of the streamer heads, such as velocity $v$ and radius $R$ now can be measured quite well, but this is very challenging for others such as the maximal electric field, the charge content of the streamer head and the degree of chemical excitation and ionization in the streamer channel. Here we develop, test and evaluate a macroscopic approximation for positive streamer heads in air that relates macroscopic streamer head properties to each other. In particular, we find that velocity $v$, radius $R$ and background field $E_{\rm bg}$ determine the complete profile of streamer heads with photoionization, if they propagate steadily. We also review Naidis' approximate relation between $v$, $R$ and the maximal field $E_{\rm max}$. The approximate head model developed in the present paper consists of three first-order ordinary differential equations along the streamer axis. It is derived from the classical fluid model for streamer discharges by assuming axisymmetry, steady streamer propagation (i.e. with constant velocity and shape), and a spherical shape of the charge layer around the streamer head. The new reduced model agrees well with full solutions of the classical fluid model, even when it is applied to accelerating streamers. Therefore the model can be used for evaluations of experiments, like for the determination of the maximal electric field from radius and velocity of the streamer. It is also a step towards constructing reduced models for the collective dynamics of multi-streamer discharges.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑