空气中米级正放电产生硬X射线的实验研究
Experimental study of hard X-rays emitted from meter-scale positive discharges in air
摘要：
我们研究了长正火花击穿的结构和演化，并研究了硬X射线脉冲在哪个阶段发射。将约1 MV的标准化雷电脉冲波形的正高压脉冲施加到约1米的环境空气中。放电演变的图像与几十纳秒的分辨率与增强CCD相机。LaBr3（Ce+）闪烁探测器记录了在该过程中发射的X射线。同步测量两个电极上的电压和电流。所有的测量表明，首先一个大而密集的电晕的正流光出现从高压电极。当它们接近接地电极时，负反向流光出现在那里，并且硬X射线的发射与正流光与负反向流光的连接一致。
英文摘要：
We investigate structure and evolution of long positive spark breakdown; and we study at which stage pulses of hard X-rays are emitted. Positive high-voltage pulses of standardized lightning impulse wave form of about 1 MV were applied to about 1 meter of ambient air. The discharge evolution was imaged with a resolution of tens of nanoseconds with an intensified CCD camera. LaBr3(Ce+) scintillation detectors recorded the X-rays emitted during the process. The voltage and the currents on both electrodes were measured synchronously. All measurements indicate that first a large and dense corona of positive streamers emerges from the high voltage electrode. When they approach the grounded electrode, negative counter-streamers emerge there, and the emission of hard X-rays coincides with the connection of the positive streamers with the negative counter-streamers.
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