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arXiv 2408.12432astro-ph.GA
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IC 1396中的亮边缘云 I. 动力学

Bright-rimmed clouds in IC 1396 I. Dynamics

Yoko Okada, Slawa Kabanovic, Rolf Güsten, Volker Ossenkopf-Okada, Nicola Schneider, Robert Simon, Christof Buchbender, Ronan Higgins, Craig Yanitski, Markus Röl… 展开作者

Yoko Okada, Slawa Kabanovic, Rolf Güsten, Volker Ossenkopf-Okada, Nicola Schneider, Robert Simon, Christof Buchbender, Ronan Higgins, Craig Yanitski, Markus Röllig, Jürgen Stutzki, Daisuke Ishihara, Kunihiko Tanaka, Edward Chambers, Netty Honingh, Matthias Justen, Denise Riquelme

AI总结:

本文利用SOFIA和JCMT观测数据研究了IC 1396中亮边缘云的动力学结构,发现其具有复杂的速度成分,并证明光学薄的同位素和长波发射线对于准确解释主谱线轮廓至关重要。

摘要:

我们研究了附近HII区中亮边缘云(BRCs)的动力学和物理结构。我们聚焦于追踪光子主导区(PDRs)和温暖分子云表面的碳氧承载分子,以了解激发星的紫外辐射对云结构的影响。我们利用SOFIA上的(up)GREAT设备,在4--10角分的尺度上绘制了HII区IC 1396中最显著BRCs周围四个区域的[CII] 158微米图。IC 1396主要由一颗O6.5V星激发。在IC 1396A方向,我们还观测了[OI] 63微米和145微米。我们将这些观测与JCMT档案数据结合,后者提供了CO、$^{13}$CO和C$^{18}$O的低J跃迁。所有光谱均具有速度分辨率。谱线轮廓显示出多种速度结构,我们针对所有观测到的发射线对此进行了详细研究。我们在[CII]光谱中未发现光蒸发流的明显迹象,尽管BRCs沿视线方向位置的不确定性使得这一解释尚无定论。我们对IC 1396A中[$^{13}$CII]发射的分析表明,[CII]很可能大部分是光学薄的。通过([CII]+[OI] 63微米)/远红外强度比测量的加热效率,在IC 1396A北部高于南部,这可能表明两区域的尘埃性质存在差异。在IC 1396(显然是一个相对简单的HII区)的BRCs中识别出的复杂速度结构,突显了速度分辨数据对于解开沿视线方向不同成分的重要性,从而促进对云动力学的详细研究。我们还证明,光学薄的[$^{13}$CII]和[OI] 145微米发射线对于明确解释[CII] 158微米和[OI] 63微米谱线轮廓至关重要。

英文摘要:

We investigate the dynamical and physical structures of bright-rimmed clouds (BRCs) in a nearby HII region. We focused on carbon- and oxygen-bearing species that trace photon-dominated regions (PDRs) and warm molecular cloud surfaces in order to understand the effect of UV radiation from the exciting stars on the cloud structure. We mapped four regions around the most prominent BRCs at scales of 4--10 arcmin in the HII region IC 1396 in [CII] 158 micron with (up)GREAT on board SOFIA. IC 1396 is predominantly excited by an O6.5V star. Toward IC 1396A, we also observed [OI] 63 micron and 145 micron. We combined these observations with JCMT archive data, which provide the low-J transitions of CO, $^{13}$CO, and C$^{18}$O. All spectra are velocity-resolved. The line profiles show a variety of velocity structures, which we investigated in detail for all observed emission lines. We find no clear sign of photoevaporating flows in the [CII] spectra, although the uncertainty in the location of the BRCs along the line of sight makes this interpretation inconclusive. Our analysis of the [$^{13}$CII] emission in IC 1396A suggests that the [CII] is likely mostly optically thin. The heating efficiency, measured by the ([CII]+[OI] 63 micron)/far-infrared intensity ratio, is higher in the northern part of IC 1396A than in the southern part, which may indicate a difference in the dust properties of the two areas. The complex velocity structures identified in the BRCs of IC 1396, which is apparently a relatively simple HII region, highlight the importance of velocity-resolved data for disentangling different components along the line of sight and thus facilitating a detailed study of the dynamics of the cloud. We also demonstrate that the optically thin [$^{13}$CII] and [OI] 145 micron emission lines are essential for a conclusive interpretation of the [CII] 158 micron and [OI] 63 micron line profiles.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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