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arXiv 2408.05623physics.soc-phcs.SI
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Schelling隔离模型网络版本中的行为异质性与拓扑异质性

Behavioral and Topological Heterogeneities in Network Versions of Schelling's Segregation Model

Will Deter, Hiroki Sayama

AI总结:

本文研究Schelling网络隔离模型中行为偏好异质性与网络拓扑异质性的共同作用,发现二者并发增强可降低隔离并形成类似城乡分化的新型空间动力学。

摘要:

自James Sakoda开创并由Thomas Schelling推广以来,居住隔离的基于智能体模型一直受到多个研究群体的持续关注。这些模型常常试图阐明个体偏好的集体动力学在多大程度上可能导致隔离出现。这一开放性问题在美国法学中仍具有持续相关性。以往关于行为(偏好)异质性的研究表明,隔离会有所减少;与此同时,以往关于社会网络拓扑异质性的研究则显示,其对观察到的隔离水平没有显著影响。在本研究中,我们考察了网络隔离模型中行为异质性与拓扑异质性同时存在所产生的效应。研究在具有不同致密化水平的二维格点上,使用同构和异构偏好模型进行模拟,以产生拓扑异质性(即簇、枢纽)。结果显示出更丰富的结果类型,包括由此产生的隔离水平和枢纽构成方面的新差异。值得注意的是,随着异构偏好和异构拓扑的同时增加,隔离水平出现下降。同时,我们观察到一种新的容忍度之间的隔离动力学:高容忍度节点定居在稠密区域,并将不容忍节点推向稀疏区域,模拟了城乡分化。

英文摘要:

Agent-based models of residential segregation have been of persistent interest to various research communities since their origin with James Sakoda and popularization by Thomas Schelling. Frequently, these models have sought to elucidate the extent to which the collective dynamics of individual preferences may cause segregation to emerge. This open question has sustained relevance in U.S. jurisprudence. Previous investigation of heterogeneity of behaviors (preferences) has shown reductions in segregation. Meanwhile, previous investigation of heterogeneity of social network topologies has shown no significant impact to observed segregation levels. In the present study, we examined the effects of the concurrent presence of both behavioral and topological heterogeneities in network segregation models. Simulations were conducted using both homogeneous and heterogeneous preference models on 2D lattices with varied levels of densification to create topological heterogeneities (i.e., clusters, hubs). Results show a richer variety of outcomes, including novel differences in resultant segregation levels and hub composition. Notably, with concurrent increased representations of heterogeneous preferences and heterogeneous topologies, reduced levels of segregation emerge. Simultaneously, we observe a novel dynamic of segregation between tolerance levels as highly tolerant nodes take residence in dense areas and push intolerant nodes to sparse areas mimicking the urban-rural divide.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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