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arXiv 2406.03028quant-ph
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反对 Bell 定理

Against Bell's Theorem

Andrea Aiello

AI总结:

本文通过概率论和样本空间分析指出,现有实验并未证明 Bell 定理,因而不能据此排除定域实在论隐变量理论。

摘要:

Bell 定理据称证明了量子力学与定域、实在论的隐变量理论之间存在不可调和的冲突。在本文中,我们表明,所有旨在证明 Bell 定理的实验实际上都没有实现这一目标。我们的结论基于对这些实验结果的直接统计分析。我们研究中的关键工具是概率论,尤其是用于量化此类实验结果的二值随机变量的样本空间概念。我们还表明,原则上 Bell 定理的实验证明并非不可能,但它将需要一种与通常据称用于实现该目标的实验装置完全不同的实验装置。我们工作的主要结论是,我们不能基于当前可获得的实验数据而否定定域实在论隐变量理论。

英文摘要:

Bell's theorem supposedly demonstrates an irreconcilable conflict between quantum mechanics and local, realistic hidden variable theories. In this paper we show that all experiments that aim to prove Bell's theorem do not actually achieve this goal. Our conclusions are based on a straightforward statistical analysis of the outcomes of these experiments. The key tool in our study is probability theory and, in particular, the concept of sample space for the dichotomic random variables that quantifies the outcomes of such experiments. We also show that an experimental proof of Bell's theorem is not, in principle, impossible, but it would require a completely different experimental apparatus than those commonly used to allegedly achieve this objective. The main consequence of our work is that we cannot dismiss local realistic hidden variable theories on the basis of currently available experimental data.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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