arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2406.00643math.COcs.DM
收藏

块图和具有充分大围长的图的Grundy(First-Fit)色数的$\mathcal{O}(VE)$时间算法

$\mathcal{O}(VE)$ time algorithms for the Grundy (First-Fit) chromatic number of block graphs and graphs with sufficiently large girth

Manouchehr Zaker

AI总结:

针对图的Grundy色数NP完全且难以近似的问题,提出确定块图及充分大围长图Grundy数的$\mathcal{O}(VE)$时间精确算法,并为含割点图提供上界及一般图的多项式时间近似算法。

摘要:

图$G=(V,E)$的Grundy(或First-Fit)色数,记为$\Gamma(G)$(或$\chi_{_{\sf FF}}(G)$),是$G$的First-Fit(贪婪)着色所使用的最大颜色数。对于各类图,确定$\Gamma(G)$是NP完全的。此外,存在一个常数$c>0$使得Grundy数难以在比率$c$内近似。我们首先获得一个$\mathcal{O}(VE)$算法来确定块图的Grundy数,即每个双连通分量都是完全子图的图。我们证明了具有割点的一般图$G$的Grundy数以对应于$G$的块图的Grundy数为上界。这为具有割点的图的Grundy数提供了合理的上界。接下来,定义$\Delta_2(G)={\max}_{u\in G}~ {\max}_{v\in N(u):d(v)\leq d(u)} d(v)$。我们获得了一个$\mathcal{O}(VE)$算法来确定围长$g$至少为$2\Delta_2(G)+1$的图$G$的$\Gamma(G)$。该算法为围长为$g$的一般图$G$的$\Gamma(G)$提供了比率$\min \{1, (g+1)/(2\Delta_2(G)+2)\}$内的多项式时间近似算法。

英文摘要:

The Grundy (or First-Fit) chromatic number of a graph $G=(V,E)$, denoted by $Γ(G)$ (or $χ_{_{\sf FF}}(G)$), is the maximum number of colors used by a First-Fit (greedy) coloring of $G$. To determine $Γ(G)$ is NP-complete for various classes of graphs. Also there exists a constant $c>0$ such that the Grundy number is hard to approximate within the ratio $c$. We first obtain an $\mathcal{O}(VE)$ algorithm to determine the Grundy number of block graphs i.e. graphs in which every biconnected component is complete subgraph. We prove that the Grundy number of a general graph $G$ with cut-vertices is upper bounded by the Grundy number of a block graph corresponding to $G$. This provides a reasonable upper bound for the Grundy number of graphs with cut-vertices. Next, define $Δ_2(G)={\max}_{u\in G}~ {\max}_{v\in N(u):d(v)\leq d(u)} d(v)$. We obtain an $\mathcal{O}(VE)$ algorithm to determine $Γ(G)$ for graphs $G$ whose girth $g$ is at least $2Δ_2(G)+1$. This algorithm provides a polynomial time approximation algorithm within ratio $\min \{1, (g+1)/(2Δ_2(G)+2)\}$ for $Γ(G)$ of general graphs $G$ with girth $g$.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑