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arXiv 2402.16656eess.SP
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基于深度学习的协同LiDAR感知以改进车辆定位

Deep Learning-based Cooperative LiDAR Sensing for Improved Vehicle Positioning

Luca Barbieri, Bernardo Camajori Tedeschini, Mattia Brambilla, Monica Nicoli

AI总结:

本文提出CLS-MPNN数据驱动协同LiDAR感知框架,融合3D目标检测、MPNN数据关联与ICP定位,在两个仿真场景中显著优于GNSS及协同SLAM方法。

摘要:

众所周知,精确定位是部署网联自动驾驶车辆(CAV)的一项基本要求。为满足这一需求,一个新兴趋势体现为协同方法:车辆通过车联万物(V2X)通信融合来自导航和成像传感器的信息,以实现联合定位与环境感知。顺应这一趋势,本文提出一种新颖的数据驱动协同感知框架,称为带消息传递神经网络的协同LiDAR感知(CLS-MPNN),其中空间分布的车辆通过LiDAR传感器协作感知环境。车辆使用深度神经网络(DNN)(即一个3D目标检测器)处理其LiDAR点云,以识别并定位驾驶环境中可能存在的静态物体。随后,数据由中心化基础设施聚合,该设施使用消息传递神经网络(MPNN)执行数据关联(DA),并运行隐式协同定位(ICP)算法。所提方法在由高保真自动驾驶模拟器生成的两个真实驾驶场景上进行评估。结果表明,CLS-MPNN优于基于全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)的传统非协同定位算法以及一种先进的协同同步定位与地图构建(SLAM)方法,同时性能接近具有理想感知和完美关联的oracle系统。

英文摘要:

Accurate positioning is known to be a fundamental requirement for the deployment of Connected Automated Vehicles (CAVs). To meet this need, a new emerging trend is represented by cooperative methods where vehicles fuse information coming from navigation and imaging sensors via Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communications for joint positioning and environmental perception. In line with this trend, this paper proposes a novel data-driven cooperative sensing framework, termed Cooperative LiDAR Sensing with Message Passing Neural Network (CLS-MPNN), where spatially-distributed vehicles collaborate in perceiving the environment via LiDAR sensors. Vehicles process their LiDAR point clouds using a Deep Neural Network (DNN), namely a 3D object detector, to identify and localize possible static objects present in the driving environment. Data are then aggregated by a centralized infrastructure that performs Data Association (DA) using a Message Passing Neural Network (MPNN) and runs the Implicit Cooperative Positioning (ICP) algorithm. The proposed approach is evaluated using two realistic driving scenarios generated by a high-fidelity automated driving simulator. The results show that CLS-MPNN outperforms a conventional non-cooperative localization algorithm based on Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and a state-of-the-art cooperative Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) method while approaching the performances of an oracle system with ideal sensing and perfect association.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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