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arXiv 2401.00862physics.ao-ph
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气候变化下演化地貌上的风暴潮预测

Prediction of storm surge on evolving landscapes under climate change

David R Johnson, Mohammad Ahmadi Gharehtoragh

AI总结:

提出结合地貌特征和边界条件的深度学习模型,基于ADCIRC模拟数据预测气候变化下演化地貌的风暴潮,在跨情景预测中实现低误差且准确重现年超越概率分布。

摘要:

规划者希望在有限的计算预算下,通过长期基础设施(如堤坝、防洪墙)来管理沿海洪水风险,面临着一种权衡。在考虑不同土地沉降、海平面上升和土地淤积假设的情况下,模拟大量未来时间段或情景,限制了在每个情景和时间段内能够运行的风暴模拟数量。目前已开发出机器学习方法来减轻预测大量热带气旋事件引发风暴潮的计算负担,但以往的研究主要集中在预测单一地貌上作为风暴参数函数的风暴潮。在本研究中,我们提出了一个深度学习模型,该模型还结合了地貌特征和边界条件(如平均海平面)。该模型基于路易斯安那州沿海 Advanced Circulation (ADCIRC) 水动力模拟的峰值风暴潮高程数据集进行训练,包含十一种情景:2020年基准情景,以及在两种不同土地沉降和海平面上升速率情景下从2030年到2070的十年时间切片。在十种情景上进行训练并对第十一种情景进行预测,在每种情景的90场风暴和超过94,000个地理空间位置上,总体 RMSE 为0.086米,总体 MAE 为0.050米。我们还将每种情景中的90场风暴进行聚合,生成了年超越概率(AEP)分布;通过双侧 Kolmogorov-Smirnov 检验比较模型预测的 AEP 估计值与原始 ADCIRC 模拟值,仅在1.1%的情况下拒绝了模型预测与 ADCIRC AEP 值来自同一分布的零假设。

英文摘要:

Planners who wish to manage coastal flood risk with long-lived infrastructure (e.g., levees, floodwalls) under a constrained computational budget face a tradeoff. Simulating a large number of future time periods or scenarios with different assumptions about land subsidence, sea level rise, land accretion, imposes a limit on how many storm simulations can be run in each scenario and time period. Machine learning approaches have been developed to reduce the computational burden of predicting storm surge from many tropical cyclone events, but prior efforts focus on predicting surge as a function of storm parameters on a single landscape. In this analysis, we present a deep learning model that also incorporates landscape characteristics and boundary conditions (e.g., mean sea level). The model is informed by a dataset of peak surge elevations from Advanced Circulation (ADCIRC) hydrodynamic simulations of coastal Louisiana in eleven scenarios: a 2020 baseline and decadal time slices from 2030 to 2070 under two scenarios varying land subsidence and sea level rise rates. Training on ten scenarios to make predictions on the eleventh yields a grand RMSE of 0.086 m and grand MAE of 0.050 m over 90 storms per scenario and over 94,000 geospatial locations. We also aggregated the 90 storms in each scenario to generate an annual exceedance probability distribution; a two-sided Kolmogorov-Smirnov test comparing AEP estimates from the model predictions to the original ADCIRC simulations rejected the null hypothesis that the predictions and ADCIRC AEP values were drawn from the same distribution only 1.1% of the time.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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