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arXiv 2305.07597quant-phcond-mat.other
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混合态的局部几何与量子几何张量

Local geometry and quantum geometric tensor of mixed states

Xu-Yang Hou, Zheng Zhou, Xin Wang, Hao Guo, Chih-Chun Chien

AI总结:

本文通过密度矩阵及其纯化将量子几何张量推广至混合态,推导出规范不变的QGT,其虚部Uhlmann形式在普通过程中恒为零,并证明低温下Bures度量退化为基态的Fubini-Study度量。

摘要:

量子几何张量(QGT)是刻画量子态局部几何的基本概念。在将纯量子态的几何形式化并提取出QGT之后,我们通过密度矩阵及其纯化将几何推广到混合量子态。我们推导出了规范不变的混合态QGT,其实部和虚部分别为Bures度量和Uhlmann形式。与纯态QGT的虚部正比于Berry曲率不同,Uhlmann形式在普通物理过程中恒为零。此外,存在一个类似毕达哥拉斯定理的方程,将不同的局部距离联系起来,并反映了潜在的纤维丛结构。当温度趋近于零时,混合态的Bures度量可退化为基态的Fubini-Study度量,尽管两者的纤维丛结构不同,仍建立了对应关系。我们还给出了两个具有对比性局部几何的示例,并讨论了实验上的意义。

英文摘要:

The quantum geometric tensor (QGT) is a fundamental concept for characterizing the local geometry of quantum states. After casting the geometry of pure quantum states and extracting the QGT, we generalize the geometry to mixed quantum states via the density matrix and its purification. The gauge-invariant QGT of mixed states is derived, whose real and imaginary parts are the Bures metric and the Uhlmann form, respectively. In contrast to the imaginary part of the pure-state QGT that is proportional to the Berry curvature, the Uhlmann form vanishes identically for ordinary physical processes. Moreover, there exists a Pythagorean-like equation that links different local distances and reflect the underlying fibration. The Bures metric of mixed states is shown to reduce to the corresponding Fubini-Study metric of the ground state as temperature approaches zero, establishing a correspondence despite the different underlying fibrations. We also present two examples with contrasting local geometries and discuss experimental implications.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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