In this paper we study the asymptotic behavior of sequences of stationary weak solutions to the following Liouville-type equation $-Δu=e^u~~~{in }~~~Ω$, where $Ω$ is an open set of $R^3$. By improving the partial regularity estimates obtained by the first author for the above equation, we succeed in performing a blow-up analysis without Morrey-type assumptions on the solutions $u$ and on the nonlinearity $e^u.$
We consider a non-local Liouville equation corresponding to the prescription of the geodesic curvature on the circle. We build a family of solutions which blow up at a critical point of the harmonic extension of the prescribed curvature function, provided some generic assumptions are satisfied.
We analyse a blow-up sequence of solutions for Liouville type equations involving Dirac measures with "collapsing" poles. We consider the case where blow-up occurs exactly at a point where the poles coalesce. After proving that a "quantization" property still holds for the "blow-up mass", we obtain precise point-wise estimates when blow-up occurs with the least blow-up mass. Interestingly, such estimates express the exact analogue of those obtained for "bubble" solutions of "regular" Liouville equations, when the "collapsing" Dirac measures are neglected. Such information will be used to descr…
We consider the Hardy-Hénon parabolic equation $u_t-Δu =|x|^a |u|^{p-1}u$ with $p>1$ and $a\in {\mathbb R}$. We establish the space-time singularity and decay estimates, and Liouville-type theorems for radial and nonradial solutions. As applications, we study universal and a priori bound of global solutions as well as the blow-up estimates for the corresponding initial boundary value problem.
We consider generic 2 x 2 singular Liouville systems on a smooth bounded domain in the plane having some symmetry with respect to the origin. We construct a family of solutions to which blow-up at the origin and whose local mass at the origin is a given quantity depending on the parameters of the system. We can get either finitely many possible blow-up values of the local mass or infinitely many. The blow-up values are produced using an explicit formula which involves Chebyshev polynomials.
We are concerned with wave equations associated to some Liouville-type problems on compact surfaces, focusing on sinh-Gordon equation and general Toda systems. Our aim is on one side to develop the analysis for wave equations associated to the latter problems and second, to substantially refine the analysis initiated in [11] concerning the mean field equation. In particular, by exploiting the variational analysis recently derived for Liouville-type problems we prove global existence in time for the sub-critical case and we give general blow up criteria for the super-critical and critical case.…
We consider the nonlocal Liouville type equation $$ (-Δ)^{\frac{1}{2}} u = \varepsilon κ(x) e^u, \quad u > 0, \quad \mbox{in } I, \qquad u = 0, \quad \mbox{in } \mathbb{R} \setminus I, $$ where $I$ is a union of $d \geq 2$ disjoint bounded intervals, $κ$ is a smooth bounded function with positive infimum and $\varepsilon > 0$ is a small parameter. For any integer $1 \leq m \leq d$, we construct a family of solutions $(u_\varepsilon)_{\varepsilon}$ which blow up at $m$ interior distinct points of $I$ and for which $\varepsilon \int_I κe^{u_\varepsilon} \, \rightarrow 2 m π$, as $\varepsilon \to…
We are concerned with the existence of blowing-up solutions to the following boundary value problem $$-Δu= \la a(x) e^u-4πN δ_0\;\hbox{ in } Ω,\quad u=0 \;\hbox{ on }\partial Ω,$$ where $Ω$ is a smooth and bounded domain in $\R^2$ such that $0\inΩ$, $a(x)$ is a positive smooth function, $N$ is a positive integer and $\la>0$ is a small parameter. Here $δ_0$ defines the Dirac measure with pole at $0$. We find conditions on the function $a$ and on the domain $Ω$ under which there exists a solution $u_\la$ blowing up at $0$ and satisfying $\la\into a(x)e^{u_\la} \to 8π(N+1)$ as $\la\to 0^+$.
In this paper, we study the blow-up analysis for a sequence of solutions to the Liouville type equation with exponential Neumann boundary condition. For interior case, i.e. the blow-up point is an interior point, Li \cite{Li} gave a uniform asymptotic estimate. Later, Zhang \cite{Zhang} and Gluck \cite{Gluck} improved Li's estimate in the sense of $C^0$-convergence by using the method of moving planes or classification of solutions of the linearized version of Liouville equation. If the sequence blows up at a boundary point, Bao-Wang-Zhou \cite{Bao-Wang-Zhou} proved a similar asymptotic estima…
In this paper we study the Euler-Poincaré equations in $\Bbb R^N$. We prove local existence of weak solutions in $W^{2,p}(\Bbb R^N),$ $p>N$, and local existence of unique classical solutions in $H^k (\Bbb R^N)$, $k>N/2+3$, as well as a blow-up criterion. For the zero dispersion equation($α=0$) we prove a finite time blow-up of the classical solution. We also prove that as the dispersion parameter vanishes, the weak solution converges to a solution of the zero dispersion equation with sharp rate as $α\to0$, provided that the limiting solution belongs to $C([0, T);H^k(\Bbb R^N))$ with $k>N/2 +3$…
We study the existence of solutions with multiple concentration to the following boundary value problem $$-Δu=\e^2 e^u-4π\sum_{p\in Z}α_p δ_{p}\;\hbox{in} Ω,\quad u=0 \;\hbox{on}\partial Ω,$$ where $Ω$ is a smooth and bounded domain in $\R^2$, $α_{p}$'s are positive numbers, $Z\subset Ω$ is a finite set, $δ_p$ defines the Dirac mass at $p$, and $\e>0$ is a small parameter. In particular we extend the result of Del-Pino-Kowalczyk-Musso (\cite{delkomu}) to the case of several singular sources. More precisely we prove that, under suitable restrictions on the weights $α_p$, a solution exists with …
This paper is concerned with the Liouville type theorems for the 3D stationary incompressible Hall-MHD equations. We establish that under some sufficient conditions in local Morrey spaces, solutions of the stationary Hall-MHD equations are identically zero. In particular, we also prove Liouville type results for the stationary incompressible MHD equations on $\mathbb{R}^3$. Our theorems extend and generalize the classical results for the stationary incompressible Navier-Stokes equations.
In dimension $n=3$, we prove that the singular set of any stationary solution to the Liouville equation $-Δu=e^u$, which belongs to $W^{1,2}$, has Hausdorff dimension at most 1.
In this paper, we investigate the three dimensional stationary compressible Navier-Stokes equations, and obtain Liouville type theorems if a smooth solution $(ρ, \mathbf{u})$ satisfies some suitable conditions. In particular, our results improve and generalize the corresponding result.
In this paper we consider the entire weak solutions of the equations for stationary flows of shear thickening fluids in the plane and prove Liouville theorem under the global boundedness condition of velocity fields.
We prove several Liouville type results for the stationary Hall-MHD and MHD equations. In particular, we show that the velocity and magnetic field, belonging to some Lorentz spaces, must be zero.
In this paper we consider the entire weak solutions $u$ of the equations for stationary flows of shear thickening fluids in the plane and prove Liouville theorems under the conditions on the finiteness of energy and under the integrability condition of the solutions.
It is shown that any smooth solution to the stationary Navier-Stokes system in $R^3$ with the velocity field, belonging globally to $L_6$ and $BM0^{-1}$, must be zero.
We prove several Liouville type results for the stationary MHD and Hall-MHD equations. In particular, we show that the velocity and magnetic field, belonging to some Lorentz spaces or satisfying a priori decay assumption, must be zero.
We establish blow-up profiles for any blowing-up sequence of solutions of general conformally invariant fully nonlinear elliptic equations on Euclidean domains. We prove that (i) the distance between blow-up points is bounded from below by a universal positive number, (ii) the solutions are very close to a single standard bubble in a universal positive distance around each blow-up point, and (iii) the heights of these bubbles are comparable by a universal factor. As an application of this result, we establish a quantitative Liouville theorem.
Using an rotation of Yuan, we observe that the gradient graph of any semiconvex function is a Liouville manifold, that is, does not admit bounded harmonic functions. As a corollary, we find that any entire solution of the fourth order Hamiltonian stationary equation with Lagrangian phase angle uniformly larger than the critical angle must be a quadratic.
We consider here the simplified Ericksen-Leslie system on the whole three-dimensional space. This system deals with the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations strongly coupled with a harmonic map flow which models the dynamical behavior for nematic liquid crystals. For both the stationary (time independing) case and the non-stationary (time depending) case, using the fairly general framework of a kind of local Morrey spaces, we obtain some a priori conditions on the unknowns of this coupled system to prove that they vanish identically. This results are known as Liouville-type theorems. As a bi…
The problem for the stationary Navier-Stokes equation in 3D under finite Dirichlet norm is open. In this paper we answer the analogous question on the 3D hyperbolic space. We also address other dimensions and more general manifolds.
In this paper we prove a Liouville type theorem for the stationary MHD and the stationary Hall-MHD systems. Assuming suitable growth condition at infinity for the mean oscillations for the potential functions, we show that the solutions are trivial. These results generalize the previous results obtained by two of the current authors in [6]. To prove our main theorems we use a refined iteration argument.
The Liouville problem for the stationary Navier-Stokes equations on the whole space is a challenging open problem who has know several recent contributions. We prove here some Liouville type theorems for these equations provided the velocity field belongs to some Lorentz spaces and then in the more general setting of Morrey spaces. Our theorems correspond to a improvement of some recent result on this problem and contain some well-known results as a particular case.
We consider positive solutions of cooperative parabolic Lotka-Volterra systems with equal diffusion coefficients, in bounded and unbounded domains. The systems are complemented by the Dirichlet or Neumann boundary conditions. Under suitable assumptions on the coefficients of the reaction terms, these problems possess both global solutions and solutions which blow up in finite time. We show that any solution $(u,v)$ defined on the time interval $(0,T)$ satisfies a universal estimate of the form $$u(x,t)+v(x,t)\leq C(1+t^{-1}+(T-t)^{-1}),$$ where $C$ does not depend on $x,t,u,v,T$. In particular…
For the two dimensional stationary MHD equations, we proved that Liouville type theorems hold if the velocity is growing at infinity, where the magnetic field is assumed to be bounded under a smallness condition. The key point is to overcome the nonlinear terms, since no maximum principle holds for the MHD case with respect to the Navier-Stokes equations.
In this paper we study the Liouville type problem for the stationary Navier-Stokes equations in $\Bbb R^3$. We deduce an asymptotic formula for an integral involving the head pressure, $Q=\frac12 |v|^2 +p$, and its derivative over domains enclosed by level surfaces of $Q$. This formula provides us with new sufficient condition for the triviality of solution to the Navier-Stokes equations.
This note is devoted to investigating Liouville type properties of the two dimensional stationary incompressible Magnetohydrodynamics equations. More precisely, under smallness conditions only on the magnetic field, we show that there are no non-trivial solutions to MHD equations either the Dirichlet integral or some $L^p$ norm of the velocity-magnetic fields are finite. In particular, these results generalize the corresponding Liouville type properties for the 2D Navier-Stokes equations, such as Gilbarg-Weinberger \cite{GW1978} and Koch-Nadirashvili-Seregin-Sverak \cite{KNSS}, to the MHD sett…
Uniqueness of Leray solutions of the 3D Navier-Stokes equations is a challenging open problem. In this article we will study this problem for the 3D stationary Navier-Stokes equations and under some additional hypotheses, stated in terms of Lebesgue and Morrey spaces, we will show that the trivial solution U = 0 is the unique solution. This type of results are known as Liouville theorems.
We prove that the family $\mathcal{F}_C(D)$ of all meromorphic functions $f$ on a domain $D\subseteq \mathbb{C}$ with the property that the spherical area of the image domain $f(D)$ is uniformly bounded by $C π$ is quasi--normal of order $\le C$. We also discuss the close relations between this result and the well--known work of Brézis and Merle on blow--up solutions of Liouville's equation. These results are completely in the spirit of Gromov's compactness theorem, as pointed out at the end of the paper.
In this paper we perform a blow-up and quantization analysis of the following nonlocal Liouville-type equation \begin{equation}(-Δ)^\frac12 u= κe^u-1~\mbox{in $S^1$,} \end{equation} where $(-Δ)^\frac{1}{2}$ stands for the fractional Laplacian and $κ$ is a bounded function. We interpret the above equation as the prescribed curvature equation to a curve in conformal parametrization. We also establish a relation between this equation and the analogous equation in $\mathbb{R}$ \begin{equation} (-Δ)^\frac{1}{2} u =Ke^u \quad \text{in }\mathbb{R}, \end{equation} with $K$ bounded on $\mathbb{R}$.
We show that any smooth solution $(\mathbf{u},\mathbf{H})$ to the stationary equations of magneto-hydrodynamics (MHD) belonging to both spaces $L^6 (\mathbb{R}^3)$ and $BMO^{-1}(\mathbb{R}^3)$ must be identically zero. This is an extension of previous results, all of which systematically required stronger integrability and the additional assumption $\nabla \mathbf{u}, \nabla \mathbf{H} \in L^2 (\mathbb{R}^3) $, i.e., finite Dirichlet integral.
We consider variational integrals of linear growth satisfying the condition of $μ$-ellipticity for some exponent $μ>1$ and prove that stationary points $u$: $\mathbb{R}^2 \to \mathbb{R}^N$ with the property \[ \limsup_{|x|\to \infty} \frac{|u(x)|}{|x|} < \infty \] must be affine functions. The latter condition can be dropped in the scalar case together with appropriate assumptions on the energy density providing an extension of Bernstein's theorem.
In this paper, we consider the indefinite fractional elliptic problem. A corresponding Liouville-type theorem for the indefinite fractional elliptic equations is established. Furthermore, we obtain a priori bound for solutions in a bounded domain by blowing-up and re-scaling. We also classify the solutions of some degenerate elliptic equation originated from fractional Laplacian.
We consider entire solutions $u$ of the equations describing the stationary flow of a generalized Newtonian fluid in 2D concentrating on the question, if a Liouville-type result holds in the sense that the boundedness of $u$ implies its constancy. A positive answer is true for $p$-fluids in the case $p>1$ (including the classical Navier-Stokes system for the choice $p=2$), and recently we established this Liouville property for the Prandtl-Eyring fluid model, for which the dissipative potential has nearly linear growth. Here we finally discuss the case of perfectly plastic fluids whose flow is…
Small-energy regularity for stationary weak solutions of the Liouville equation
School of Mathematical Sciences, Peking University（北京大学数学科学学院）；School of Mathematics and Statistics, Wuhan University（武汉大学数学与统计学院）；School of Mathematics, Yunnan Normal University（云南师范大学数学学院）
In this paper we prove Liouville type result for the stationary solutions to the compressible Navier-Stokes-Poisson equations(NSP) and the compressible Navier-Stokes equations(NS) in $\Bbb R^N$, $N\geq 2$. Assuming suitable integrability and the uniform boundedness conditions for the solutions we are led to the conclusion that $v=0$. In the case of (NS) we deduce that the similar integrability conditions imply $v=0$ and $ρ=$constant on $\Bbb R^N$. This shows that if we impose the the non-vacuum boundary condition at spatial infinity for (NS), $v\to 0$ and $ρ\to ρ_\infty >0$, then $v=0$, $ρ=ρ_\…
We prove Liouville type theorems for the self-similar solutions to the Navier-Stokes equations. One of our results generalizes the previous ones by Nečas-Ružička-Šverak and Tsai. Using the Liouville type theorem we also remove a scenario of asymtotically self-similar blow-up for the Navier-Stokes equations with the profile belonging to $L^{p, \infty} (\Bbb R^3)$ with $p> \frac{3}{2}$.
We study the Liouville type problem for the stationary 3D Navier-Stokes equations on $\Bbb R^3$. Specifically, we prove that if $v$ is a smooth solution to (NS) satisfying $ω={\rm curl}\,v \in L^q (\Bbb R^3) $ for some $\frac32 \leq q< 3$, and $|v(x)|\to 0$ as $|x|\to +\infty$, then either $v=0$ on $\Bbb R^3$, or $\int_{\Bbb R^6} Φ_+ dxdy=\int_{\Bbb R^6} Φ_- dxdy=+\infty$, where $Φ(x,y) :=\frac{1}{4π}\frac{ω(x)\cdot(x-y)\times (v(y)\times ω(y) )}{|x-y|^3} $, and $Φ_\pm:=\max\{ 0, \pm Φ\}$. The proof uses crucially the structure of nonlinear term of the equations.
This work studies the system of $3D$ stationary Navier-Stokes equations. Several Liouville type theorems are established for solutions in mixed-norm Lebesgue spaces and weighted mixed-norm Lebesgue spaces. In particular, we show that, under some sufficient conditions in mixed-norm Lebesgue spaces, solutions of the stationary Navier-Stokes equations are identically zero. This result covers the important case that solutions may decay to zero with different rates in different spatial directions, and some these rates could be significantly slow. In the un-mixed norm case, the result recovers avail…
