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arXiv 2301.04550hep-phhep-exhep-lat
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手征微扰理论对标准模型有效理论的思考

Chiral Perturbation Theory Reflections on Effective Theories of the Standard Model

B. Ananthanarayan, M. S. A. Alam Khan, Daniel Wyler

备注：
56 pages, 2 figures. Accepted for publication in the Indian Journal of Physics
发表信息：
Indian J Phys (2023)
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摘要：

赝标量粒子π介子、K介子和$η$粒子比其他强子如质子或中子轻得多。它们的亮度被理解为近似手征对称性破缺的结果。这导致了电流代数，一种表达对称性破缺所强加的关系的方法。温伯格意识到，由于它们的质量很低，可以在实验能量下建立一个纯π介子（有效）场论，它携带了量子色动力学（QCD）的（非微扰）动力学、对称性及其自发破缺的所有信息，并允许系统地计算观测量。在这篇评论中，我们跟踪这些发展，并提出在这一领域的最新活动。我们把它与其他有效理论联系起来，这些理论一般是由威尔逊介绍的，作为低能近似场论。事实上，最初为π介子引入的原理和范式在粒子物理学和标准模型中已经无处不在。最后，我们转向最新的发展，目前的（基本的）标准模型本身被认为是一个有效场论的-尚未制定-甚至更基本的理论。我们还讨论了重要的技术，以把手征微扰理论的预测框架，并简要回顾了格点量子色动力学和手征微扰理论（ChPT）之间的一些联系。

英文摘要：

The pseudoscalar particles pions, kaons and the $η$-particle are considerably lighter than the other hadrons such as protons or neutrons. Their lightness was understood as a consequence of approximate chiral symmetry breaking. This led to current algebra, a way to express the relations imposed by the symmetry breaking. It was realized by Weinberg that because of their low mass, it is possible to formulate a purely pionic (effective) field theory at experimental energies, which carries all information on the (non-perturbative) dynamics, symmetries, and their spontaneous breaking of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and allows for systematic calculations of observables. In this review, we trace these developments and present recent activities in this field. We make the connection to other effective theories, more generally introduced by Wilson, as approximate field theories at low energies. Indeed, principles and paradigms introduced first for pions have become ubiquitous in particle physics and the standard model. Lastly, we turn to the latest development where the present (fundamental) standard model itself is considered as an effective field theory of a - yet to be formulated - even more fundamental theory. We also discuss important techniques that were developed in order to turn chiral perturbation theory into a predictive framework and briefly review some connections between lattice QCD and chiral perturbation theory (ChPT).

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

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