The homotopy type of the complement manifold of a complexified toric arrangement has been investigated by d'Antonio and Delucchi in a paper that shows the minimality of such topological space. In this work we associate to a given toric arrangement a matrix that represents the arrangement over the integers. Then, we consider the family of toric arrangements for which this matrix has maximal rank. Our goal is to prove, by means of basic linear algebra arguments, that the complement manifold of the toric arrangements that belong to this family is diffeomorphic to that of centered toric arrangements and thus it is a minimal topological space, too.
We describe a combinatorial model for the complement of a complexified toric arrangement by using nerves of acyclic categories. This generalizes recent work of Moci and Settepanella on thick toric arrangements. Moreover, we compute its fundamental group by finding a (finite) presentation.
We show that the rational homotopy type of the complement of a toric arrangement is completely determined by two sets of combinatorial data. This is obtained by introducing a differential graded algebra over Q whose minimal model is equivalent to the Sullivan minimal model of the arrangement.
In this paper we build an Orlik-Solomon model for the canonical gradation of the cohomology algebra with integer coefficients of the complement of a toric arrangement. We give some results on the uniqueness of the representation of arithmetic matroids, in order to discuss how the Orlik-Solomon model depends on the poset of layers. The analysis of discriminantal toric arrangements permits us to isolate certain conditions under which two toric arrangements have diffeomorphic complements. We also give combinatorial conditions determining whether the cohomology algebra is generated in degree one.
We show that the integral cohomology algebra of the complement of a toric arrangement is not determined by the poset of layers. Moreover, the rational cohomology algebra is not determined by the arithmetic matroid (however it is determined by the poset of layers).
In this paper we find monomial bases for the integer cohomology rings of compact wonderful models of toric arrangements. In the description of the monomials various combinatorial objects come into play: building sets, nested sets, and the fan of a suitable toric variety. We provide some examples computed via a SageMath program and then we focus on the case of the toric arrangements associated with root systems of type A. Here the combinatorial description of our basis offers a geometrical point of view on the relation between some Eulerian statistics on the symmetric group.
We compute the cohomology ring of the complement of a toric arrangement with integer coefficients and investigate its dependency from the arrangement's combinatorial data. To this end, we study a morphism of spectral sequences associated to certain combinatorially defined subcomplexes of the toric Salvetti category in the complexified case, and use a technical argument in order to extend the results to full generality. As a byproduct we obtain: -a "combinatorial" version of Brieskorn's lemma in terms of Salvetti complexes of complexified arrangements, -a uniqueness result for realizations of a…
We introduce a multiplicity Tutte polynomial M(x,y), with applications to zonotopes and toric arrangements. We prove that M(x,y) satisfies a deletion-restriction recurrence and has positive coefficients. The characteristic polynomial and the Poincare' polynomial of a toric arrangement are shown to be specializations of the associated polynomial M(x,y), likewise the corresponding polynomials for a hyperplane arrangement are specializations of the ordinary Tutte polynomial. Furthermore, M(1,y) is the Hilbert series of the related discrete Dahmen-Micchelli space, while M(x,1) computes the volume …
We prove that the complement of a toric arrangement has the homotopy type of a minimal CW complex. As a corollary we obtain that the integer cohomology of these spaces is torsion free. We use Discrete Morse Theory, providing a sequence of cellular collapses that leads to a minimal complex.
We give an explicit presentation for the integral cohomology ring of the complement of any arrangement of level sets of characters in a complex torus (alias "toric arrangement"). Our description parallels the one given by Orlik and Solomon for arrangements of hyperplanes, and builds on De Concini and Procesi's work on the rational cohomology of unimodular toric arrangements. As a byproduct we extend Dupont's rational formality result to formality over $\mathbb Z$. The data needed in order to state the presentation is fully encoded in the poset of connected components of intersections of the ar…
Some projective wonderful models for the complement of a toric arrangement in a n-dimensional algebraic torus T were constructed in [3]. In this paper we describe their integer cohomology rings by generators and relations.
We extend the Billera-Ehrenborg-Readdy map between the intersection lattice and face lattice of a central hyperplane arrangement to affine and toric hyperplane arrangements. For arrangements on the torus, we also generalize Zaslavsky's fundamental results on the number of regions.
We introduce toric arrangements, essentially finite families of codimension 1 subtori of a torus or of their cosets, as a periodic generalization of hyperplane arrangements, compute cohomology of the complement of such an arrangement and apply the theory to give a geometric interpretation of the formulas of Brion--Szenes--Vergne counting the number of integral points in polytopes.
A toric arrangement is an arrangement of subtori of codimension one in a real or complex torus. The poset of layers is the set of connected components of non-empty intersections of these subtori, partially ordered by reverse inclusion. In this note we present an algorithm that computes this poset in the central case.
We build a wonderful model for toric arrangements. We develop the "toric analog" of the combinatorics of nested sets, which allows to define a family of smooth open sets covering the model. In this way we prove that the model is smooth, and we give a precise geometric and combinatorial description of the normal crossing divisor.
Given the toric (or toral) arrangement defined by a root system $Φ$, we describe the poset of its layers (connected components of intersections) and we count its elements. Indeed we show how to reduce to zero-dimensional layers, and in this case we provide an explicit formula involving the maximal subdiagrams of the affine Dynkin diagram of $Φ$. Then we compute the Euler characteristic and the Poincare' polynomial of the complement of the arrangement, which is the set of regular points of the torus.
We compute the cohomology of the complement of toric arrangements associated to root systems as representations of the corresponding Weyl groups. Specifically, we develop an algorithm for computing the cohomology of the complement of toric arrangements associated to general root systems and we carry out this computation for the exceptional root systems $G_2$, $F_4$, $E_6$ and $E_7$. We also compute the total cohomology of the complement of the toric arrangement associated to $A_n$ as a representation of the Weyl group and give a formula for its Poincaré polynomial.
A toric arrangement is a finite collection of codimension-$1$ subtori in a torus. These subtori stratify the ambient torus into faces of various dimensions. Let $f_i$ denote the number of $i$-dimensional faces; these so-called face numbers satisfy the Euler relation $\sum_i (-1)^i f_i = 0$. However not all tuples of natural numbers satisfying this relation arise as face numbers of some toric arrangement. In this paper we focus on toric arrangements in a $2$-dimensional torus and obtain a characterization of face numbers. In particular we show that the convex hull of these face numbers is a con…
We introduce the notion of an arithmetic matroid, whose main example is given by a list of elements of a finitely generated abelian group. In particular we study the representability of its dual, providing an extension of the Gale duality to this setting. Guided by the geometry of generalized toric arrangements, we provide a combinatorial interpretation of the associated arithmetic Tutte polynomial, which can be seen as a generalization of Crapo's formula for the classical Tutte polynomial.
We compute the total cohomology of the complement of the toric arrangement associated to the root system $A_n$ as a representation of the corresponding Weyl group via fixed point theory of a "twisted" action of the group. We also provide several proofs of an explicit formula for the Poincaré polynomial of the complement of the toric arrangement associated with $A_n$.
We investigate toric varieties defined by arrangements of hyperplanes and call them strongly symmetric. The smoothness of such a toric variety translates to the fact that the arrangement is crystallographic. As a result, we obtain a complete classification of this class of toric varieties. Further, we show that these varieties are projective and describe associated toric arrangements in these varieties.
We describe limits of line bundles on nodal curves in terms of toric arrangements associated to Voronoi tilings of Euclidean spaces. These tilings encode information on the relationship between the possibly infinitely many limits, and ultimately give rise to a new definition of limit linear series. This article and its first and third part companion parts are the first in a series aimed to explore this new approach. In the first part, we set up the combinatorial framework and showed how graphs weighted with integer lengths associated to the edges provide tilings of Euclidean spaces by polytope…
We define toric partial orders, corresponding to regions of graphic toric hyperplane arrangements, just as ordinary partial orders correspond to regions of graphic hyperplane arrangements. Combinatorially, toric posets correspond to finite posets under the equivalence relation generated by converting minimal elements into maximal elements, or sources into sinks. We derive toric analogues for several features of ordinary partial orders, such as chains, antichains, transitivity, Hasse diagrams, linear extensions, and total orders.
Given an arrangement of subtori of arbitrary codimension in a torus, we compute the cohomology groups of the complement. Then, using the Leray spectral sequence, we describe the multiplicative structure on the graded cohomology. We also provide a differential model for the cohomology ring by considering a toric wonderful model and its Morgan algebra. Finally we focus on the divisorial case, proving a new presentation for the cohomology of toric arrangements.
We describe limits of line bundles on nodal curves in terms of toric arrangements associated to Voronoi tilings of Euclidean spaces. These tilings encode information on the relationship between the possibly infinitely many limits, and ultimately give rise to a new definition of limit linear series. This paper and its second and third companion parts are the first in a series aimed to explore this new approach. In the present article, we set up the combinatorial framework and show how graphs with integer lengths associated to the edges provide tilings of Euclidean spaces by certain polytopes as…
The purpose of this paper is twofold. Firstly, we generalize the notion of characteristic polynomials of hyperplane and toric arrangements to those of certain abelian Lie group arrangements. Secondly, we give two interpretations for the chromatic quasi-polynomials and their constituents through subspace and toric viewpoints.
From a root system, one may consider the arrangement of reflecting hyperplanes, as well as its toric and elliptic analogues. The corresponding Weyl group acts on the complement of the arrangement and hence on its cohomology. We consider a sequence of linear, toric, or elliptic arrangements which arise from a family of root systems of type A, B, C, or D, and we show that the rational cohomology stabilizes as a sequence of Weyl group representations. Our techniques combine a Leray spectral sequence argument similar to that of Church in the type A case along with FI$_W$-module theory which Wilson…
These lecture notes are based on lectures given by the author at the summer school "Arrangements in Pyrénées" in June 2012. We survey and compare various compactifications of complex hyperplane arrangement complements. In particular, we review the Gel'fand-MacPherson construction, Kapranov's visible contours compactification, and De Concini and Procesi's wonderful compactification. We explain how these constructions are unified by some ideas from the modern origins of tropical geometry. The paper contains a few new arguments intended to make the presentation as self-contained as possible.
We show that the toric variety of the permutohedron (=permutohedral space) has the structure of a cocommutative bimonoid in species, with multiplication/comultiplication given by embedding/projecting-onto boundary divisors. In terms of Losev-Manin's description of permutohedral space as a moduli space, multiplication is concatenation of strings of Riemann spheres and comultiplication is forgetting marked points. In this way, the bimonoid structure is an analog of the cyclic operad structure on the moduli space of genus zero marked curves. Covariant/contravariant data on permutohedral space is …
We consider smooth, complex quasi-projective varieties $U$ which admit a compactification with a boundary which is an arrangement of smooth algebraic hypersurfaces. If the hypersurfaces intersect locally like hyperplanes, and the relative interiors of the hypersurfaces are Stein manifolds, we prove that the cohomology of certain local systems on $U$ vanishes. As an application, we show that complements of linear, toric, and elliptic arrangements are both duality and abelian duality spaces.
We prove that the posets of connected components of intersections of toric and elliptic arrangements defined by root systems are EL-shellable and we compute their homotopy type. Our method rests on Bibby's description of such posets by means of "labeled partitions": after giving an EL-labeling and counting homology chains for general posets of labeled partitions, we obtain the stated results by considering the appropriate subposets.
We consider a manifold X obtained by a Kahler reduction of C^n, and we define its hyperkahler analogue M as a hyperkahler reduction of T^*C^n = H^n by the same group. In the case where the group is abelian and X is a smooth toric variety, M is a toric hyperkahler manifold, as defined by Bielawski-Dancer, and further studied by Konno and Hausel-Sturmfels. The manifold M carries a natural action of S^1, induced by the scalar action of S^1 on the fibers of T^*C^n. In this paper we study this action, computing its fixed points and its equivariant cohomology. As an application, we use the associate…
The holonomic rank of the A-hypergeometric system M_A(β) is the degree of the toric ideal I_A for generic parameters; in general, this is only a lower bound. To the semigroup ring of A we attach the ranking arrangement and use this algebraic invariant and the exceptional arrangement of nongeneric parameters to construct a combinatorial formula for the rank jump of M_A(β). As consequences, we obtain a refinement of the stratification of the exceptional arrangement by the rank of M_A(β) and show that the Zariski closure of each of its strata is a union of translates of linear subspaces of the pa…
We study diagrams associated with a finite simplicial complex K, in various algebraic and topological categories. We relate their colimits to familiar structures in algebra, combinatorics, geometry and topology. These include: right-angled Artin and Coxeter groups (and their complex analogues, which we call circulation groups); Stanley-Reisner algebras and coalgebras; Davis and Januszkiewicz's spaces DJ(K) associated with toric manifolds and their generalisations; and coordinate subspace arrangements. When K is a flag complex, we extend well-known results on Artin and Coxeter groups by confirm…
