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arXiv 2205.04420math.CO
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导出子图与树分解 V. 洞中的一个邻居

Induced subgraphs and tree decompositions V. One neighbor in a hole

Tara Abrishami, Bogdan Alecu, Maria Chudnovsky, Sepehr Hajebi, Sophie Spirkl, Kristina Vušković

AI总结:

研究具有大树宽的图的不可避免导出子图,证明了在排除基本树宽障碍且每个顶点在每个洞中至多有一个邻居的图中,树宽是有界的。

摘要:

具有大树宽的图的不可避免导出子图是什么?众所周知,答案必须包括完全图、完全二分图、墙的所有细分以及墙的所有细分的线图(我们将这些图称为“基本树宽障碍”)。因此,很自然地问,将基本树宽障碍作为导出子图排除的图是否具有有界树宽。Sintiari和Trotignon对这个问题给出了否定的回答。他们的反例,即所谓的“分层轮”,包含轮,其中轮由一个洞(即长度至少为四的导出环)以及一个在该洞中至少有三个邻居的顶点组成。这引出了一个问题:将轮和基本树宽障碍作为导出子图排除的图是否具有有界树宽。由于Davies最近给出了具有大树宽、没有轮且没有基本树宽障碍作为导出子图的图的例子,这同样被证明是错误的。然而,在Davies的例子中,存在洞和顶点(在洞之外)在其中有两个邻居。在这里,我们证明,在具有大树宽且没有基本障碍的图中,一个带有至少有两个邻居的顶点的洞是不可避免的。我们的主要结果是,如果图中每个顶点在每个洞(不包含该顶点)中至多有一个邻居,并且排除了基本树宽障碍作为导出子图,则该图具有有界树宽。

英文摘要:

What are the unavoidable induced subgraphs of graphs with large treewidth? It is well-known that the answer must include a complete graph, a complete bipartite graph, all subdivisions of a wall and line graphs of all subdivisions of a wall (we refer to these graphs as the "basic treewidth obstructions"). So it is natural to ask whether graphs excluding the basic treewidth obstructions as induced subgraphs have bounded treewidth. Sintiari and Trotignon answered this question in the negative. Their counterexamples, the so-called "layered wheels," contain wheels, where a wheel consists of a hole (i.e., an induced cycle of length at least four) along with a vertex with at least three neighbors in the hole. This leads one to ask whether graphs excluding wheels and the basic treewidth obstructions as induced subgraphs have bounded treewidth. This also turns out to be false due to Davies' recent example of graphs with large treewidth, no wheels and and no basic treewidth obstructions as induced subgraphs. However, in Davies' example there exist holes and vertices (outside of the hole) with two neighbors in them. Here we prove that a hole with a vertex with at least two neighbors in it is inevitable in graphs with large treewidth and no basic obstruction. Our main result is that graphs in which every vertex has at most one neighbor in every hole (that does not contain it) and with the basic treewidth obstructions excluded as induced subgraphs have bounded treewidth.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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