A previously proposed all-loop-orders relation between the Regge limits of four-point amplitudes of N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory and N=8 supergravity is established at the three-loop level. We show that the Regge limit of known expressions for the amplitudes obtained using generalized unitarity simplifies in both cases to a (modified) sum over three-loop ladder and crossed-ladder scalar diagrams. This in turn is consistent with the result obtained using the eikonal representation of the four-point gravity amplitude. A possible exact three-loop relation between four-point amplitudes is also considered.
We calculate the mass of the lowest lying spin two glueball in N=1 super Yang-Mills from the dual Klebanov-Strassler background. We show that the Regge trajectory obtained is linear; the 0++, 1-- and 2++ states lie on a line of slope 0.23 -measured in units of the conifold deformation. We also compare mass ratios with lattice data and find agreement within one standard deviation.
We show that the gluon of N=4 Yang--Mills theory lies on a Regge trajectory, which then implies that the graviton of N=8 supergravity also lies on a Regge trajectory. This is consistent with the conjecture that N=8 supergravity is ultraviolet finite in perturbation theory.
We examine in detail the structure of the Regge limit of the (nonplanar) ${\cal N}=4$ SYM four-point amplitude. We begin by developing a basis of color factors $C_{ik}$ suitable for the Regge limit of the amplitude at any loop order, and then calculate explicitly the coefficients of the amplitude in that basis through three-loop order using the Regge limit of the full amplitude previously calculated by Henn and Mistlberger. We compute these coefficients exactly at one loop, through ${\cal O} (ε^2)$ at two loops, and through ${\cal O} (ε^0)$ at three loops, verifying that the IR-divergent piece…
Four-point functions of R-currents are discussed within Anti-de Sitter supergravity. In particular, we compute Witten diagrams with graviton and gauge boson exchange in the high energy Regge limit. Assuming validity of the AdS/CFT correspondence, our results apply to R-current four-point functions of N=4 super Yang-Mills theory at strong coupling.
The loop expansion for the n-point functions of N=4 Yang-Mills theory and N=8 supergravity can be formulated as the loop expansion of scalar field theory with an infinite subclass being the ladder diagrams. We consider the sum of ladder diagrams for gluon-gluon and graviton-graviton scattering in the Regge limit. The reggeization of the gluon and the graviton is discussed in this context and that of hep-th/0701217. If the Bern, Dixon, Smirnov conjecture for planar gluon-gluon scattering is correct, then the ladder sum for SU(N) gauge theory at large N, correctly gives the Regge limit, with Reg…
In previous work, the two-loop five-point amplitudes in $\mathcal{N}=4$ super Yang-Mills theory and $\mathcal{N}=8$ supergravity were computed at symbol level. In this paper, we compute the full functional form. The amplitudes are assembled and simplified using the analytic expressions of the two-loop pentagon integrals in the physical scattering region. We provide the explicit functional expressions, and a numerical reference point in the scattering region. We then calculate the multi-Regge limit of both amplitudes. The result is written in terms of an explicit transcendental function basis. …
In the context of AdS/CFT with flavor, we consider the type IIB supergravity solution corresponding to a fully localized D3/D7 intersection. We complete the standard metric ansatz by providing an analytic expression for the warp factor, under the assumption of a logarithmically running axion-dilaton. From the gauge dual perspective, this behavior is related to the positive beta function of the N=4, d=4 SU(N_c) super Yang-Mills gauge theory, coupled to N_f fundamental N=2 hypermultiplets. We comment on the existence of tadpoles and relate them to the same gauge theory beta function. Next we con…
We compute the one-loop string corrections to the Wilson loop, glueball Regge trajectory and stringy hadron masses in the Witten model of non supersymmetric, large-N Yang-Mills theory. The classical string configurations corresponding to the above field theory objects are respectively: open straight strings, folded closed spinning strings, and strings orbiting in the internal part of the supergravity background. For the rectangular Wilson loop we show that besides the standard Luescher term, string corrections provide a rescaling of the field theory string tension. The one-loop corrections to …
We examine the high energy (Regge) limit of gravitational scattering using a Wilson line approach previously used in the context of non-Abelian gauge theories. Our aim is to clarify the nature of the Reggeization of the graviton and the interplay between this Reggeization and the so-called eikonal phase which determines the spectrum of gravitational bound states. Furthermore, we discuss finite corrections to this picture. Our results are of relevance to various supergravity theories, and also help to clarify the relationship between gauge and gravity theories.
In this second part of our investigation of the analytic structure of the $2\to5$ scattering amplitude in the planar limit of $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM in multi-Regge kinematics we compute, in all kinematic regions, the Regge cut contributions in leading order. The results are infrared finite and conformally invariant.
We consider the description of reggeon amplitudes (Wilson lines form factors) in N=4 SYM within the framework of four dimensional ambitwistor string theory. The latter is used to derive scattering equations representation for reggeon amplitudes with multiple reggeized gluons present. It is shown, that corresponding tree-level string correlation function correctly reproduces previously obtained Grassmannian integral representation of reggeon amplitudes in N=4 SYM.
In this paper we present the all-loop conjecture for integrands of Wilson line form factors, also known as reggeon amplitudes, in N=4 SYM. In particular we present a new gluing operation in momentum twistor space used to obtain reggeon tree-level amplitudes and loop integrands starting from corresponding expressions for on-shell amplitudes. The introduced gluing procedure is used to derive BCFW recursions both for tree-level reggeon amplitudes and their loop integrands. In addition we provide predictions for reggeon loop integrands written in the basis of local integrals. As a check of the cor…
Local effective action is derived to describe Regge asymptotic of Yang-Mills theories. Local symmetries of the effective action originating from the gauge symmetry of the underlying Yang-Mills theory are studied. Multicomponent effective action is introduced to express the symmetry transformations as field transformations. The algebra of these symmetries is decomposed onto a semi-direct sum of commutative algebras and four copies of the gauge algebra of the underlying Yang-Mills theory. Possibility of existence of solitons corresponding to the commutative subalgebra of the symmetry algebra is …
Within the conjectured duality between N=4 super Yang-Mills and Anti-deSitter string theory, the BFKL Pomeron of the gauge theory corresponds to the graviton mode of the dual string. As a first step towards analyzing multigraviton exchange, we investigate R-current six-point functions within the supergravity approximation. We compute the analogue of diffractive scattering, and we analyze the triple Regge limit. In the supergravity approximation the triple graviton vertex is found to vanish.
A dual conformal symmetry, analogous to the dual conformal symmetry observed for the scattering amplitudes of N=4 Super Yang-Mills theory, is identified in the Regge limit of QCD. Combined with the original two-dimensional conformal symmetry of the theory, this dual symmetry can potentially explain the integrability of the BFKL Hamiltonian. We also give evidence that the symmetry survives when a subset of unitarity corrections are taken into account by studying briefly the non-planar 2 to m reggeon transition vertices.
We derive a compact all-loop-order expression for the IR-divergent part of the N=4 SYM four-gluon amplitude, which includes both planar and all subleading-color contributions, based on the assumption that the higher-loop soft anomalous dimension matrices are proportional to the one-loop soft anomalous dimension matrix, as has been recently conjectured. We also consider the Regge limit of the four-gluon amplitude, and we present evidence that the leading logarithmic growth of the subleading-color amplitudes is less severe than that of the planar amplitudes. We examine possible 1/N^2 corrections…
We introduce a method to extract the symbol of the coefficient of $(2πi)^2$ of MHV remainder functions in planar N=4 Super Yang-Mills in multi-Regge kinematics region directly from the symbol in full kinematics. At two loops this symbol can be uplifted to the full function in a unique way, without any beyond-the-symbol ambiguities. We can therefore determine all two-loop MHV amplitudes at function level in all kinematic regions with different energy signs in multi-Regge kinematics. We analyse our results and we observe that they are consistent with the hypothesis of a contribution from the exc…
We study the interplay between graviton reggeization and double-logarithmic in energy contributions to four-graviton scattering in theories with and without supersymmetry. Predictions to all orders in the gravitational coupling are given for these double-logarithms. As the number of supersymmetries grows these terms generate a convergent behaviour for the amplitudes at very high energies. At two-loop level, we find agreement with previous exact results for N=8 supergravity and with those of Boucher-Veronneau and Dixon, who studied the N=4,5,6 supergravities using a conjectured double-copy stru…
This paper has two parts. We first compute the leading contribution to the strong-coupling mixing between the Konishi operator and a double-trace operator composed of chiral primaries by using flat-space vertex operators for the string-duals of the operators. We then compute the three-point functions for protected or unprotected scalar operators with higher spin operators on the leading Regge trajectory. Here we see that the nontrivial spatial structures required by conformal invariance arise naturally from the form of the polarization tensors in the vertex operators. We find agreement with re…
It is shown that the four-gluon scattering amplitude for N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory in the planar limit can be written, in both the weak- and strong-coupling limits, as a reggeized amplitude, with a parent trajectory and an infinite number of daughter trajectories. This result relies crucially on the fact that the leading IR-divergence and the finite log^2(s/t)-dependent piece of the amplitude are characterized by the same function for all values of the coupling, as conjectured by Bern, Dixon, and Smirnov, and proved by Alday and Maldacena in the strong-coupling limit. We use the Ald…
The high-energy behavior of N=4 SYM elastic amplitudes at strong coupling is studied by means of the AdS/CFT correspondence. We consider the eikonal method proposed by Janik and one of the authors, where the relevant minimal surface is a "generalized helicoid" in hyperbolic space ("Euclidean AdS_5"), from which the physical amplitude is obtained after an appropriate analytic continuation. We then compare our results with those obtained, using a minimal surface in AdS_5 momentum space, by Alday and Maldacena for gluon-gluon scattering, and by Barnes and Vaman for quark-quark scattering ("Alday-…
Continuing our investigations of the analytic structure of the 2->n scattering amplitudes in the planar limit of N=4 SYM in multi-Regge kinematics we compute, in all kinematic regions, the Regge cut contributions of the 2->6 process in leading order. Compared to previous studies of the 2->4 and the 2->5 processes we encounter two new features: the 3-reggon cut and the product of two 2-reggeon cut contributions.
We show that a scale invariant approximation to the next-to-leading order BFKL kernel, constructed via transverse momentum diagrams, has a simple conformally invariant representation in impact parameter space i.e. K(r1,r2,r1',r2') = g^4 N^2 ln^4[(|r1-r1'||r2-r2'|)/(|r1-r2'||r2-r1'|)] That a conformally invariant representation exists is shown first by relating the kernel directly to Feynman diagrams contributing to two photon diffractive dissociation.
We compute the three-loop leading-colour corrections to the Yang-Mills Regge trajectory and gluon impact factor. Conjecturing that, in analogy with $\mathcal{N}=4$ super Yang-Mills (SYM), in a suitable scheme $N_c$-subleading terms are absent from the three-loop Regge trajectory, we understand our result as the first computation of the pure gauge, or $n_f = 0$, part of the QCD three-loop Regge trajectory. The results are presented both for the bare and renormalised amplitudes and are consistent with predictions from infrared factorisation along with reproducing known results in planar $\mathca…
We investigate the analytic structure of the $2\to5$ scattering amplitude in the planar limit of $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM in multi-Regge kinematics in all physical regions. We demonstrate the close connection between Regge pole and Regge cut contributions: in a selected class of kinematic regions (Mandelstam regions) the usual factorizing Regge pole formula develops unphysical singularities which have to be absorbed and compensated by Regge cut contributions. This leads, in the corrections to the BDS formula, to conformal invariant 'renormalized' Regge pole expressions in the remainder function. We…
In this paper we continue our study of the dual SL(2,C) symmetry of the BFKL equation, analogous to the dual conformal symmetry of N=4 Super Yang Mills. We find that the ordinary and dual SL(2,C) symmetries do not generate a Yangian, in contrast to the ordinary and dual conformal symmetries in the four-dimensional gauge theory. The algebraic structure is still reminiscent of that of N=4 SYM, however, and one can extract a generator from the dual SL(2,C) close to the bi-local form associated with Yangian algebras. We also discuss the issue of whether the dual SL(2,C) symmetry, which in its orig…
We study the Regge limit of 4-point AdS$_3 \times S^3$ correlators in the tree-level supergravity approximation and provide various explicit checks of the relation between the eikonal phase derived in the bulk picture and the anomalous dimensions of certain double-trace operators. We consider both correlators involving all light operators and HHLL correlators with two light and two heavy multi-particle states. These heavy operators have a conformal dimension proportional to the central charge and are pure states of the theory, dual to asymptotically AdS$_3 \times S^3$ regular geometries. Devia…
We consider the multi-Regge limit for N=4 SYM NMHV leading color amplitudes in two different formulations: the BFKL formalism for multi-Regge amplitudes in leading logarithm approximation, and superconformal N=4 SYM amplitudes. It is shown that the two approaches agree to two-loops for the 2->4 and 3->3 six-point amplitudes. Predictions are made for the multi-Regge limit of three loop 2->4 and 3->3 NMHV amplitudes, as well as a particular sub-set of two loop 2 ->2 +n N^kMHV amplitudes in the multi-Regge limit in the leading logarithm approximation from the BFKL point of view.
The structure of scattering amplitudes in supergravity theories continues to be of interest. Recently, the amplitude for $2\rightarrow 2$ scattering in ${\cal N}=8$ supergravity was presented at three-loop order for the first time. The result can be written in terms of an exponentiated one-loop contribution, modulo a remainder function which is free of infrared singularities, but contains leading terms in the high energy Regge limit. We explain the origin of these terms from a well-known, unitarity-restoring exponentiation of the high-energy gravitational $S$-matrix in impact-parameter space. …
We compute the three-loop contribution to the N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills planar four-gluon amplitude using the recently-proposed Higgs IR regulator of Alday, Henn, Plefka, and Schuster. In particular, we test the proposed exponential ansatz for the four-gluon amplitude that is the analog of the BDS ansatz in dimensional regularization. By evaluating our results at a number of kinematic points, and also in several kinematic limits, we establish the validity of this ansatz at the three-loop level. We also examine the Regge limit of the planar four-gluon amplitude using several different IR re…
We show how super BF theory in any dimension can be quantized as a spin foam model, generalizing the situation for ordinary BF theory. This is a first step toward quantizing supergravity theories. We investigate in particular 3-dimensional (p=1,q=1) supergravity which we quantize exactly. We obtain a super-Ponzano-Regge model with gauge group OSp(1|2). A main motivation for our approach is the implementation of fermionic degrees of freedom in spin foam models. Indeed, we propose a description of the fermionic degrees of freedom in our model. Complementing the path integral approach we also dis…
We derive a linear relation between the one-loop five-point amplitude of N=8 supergravity and the one-loop five-point subleading-color amplitudes of N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory.
The IR divergences of supergravity amplitudes are less severe than those of planar SYM amplitudes, and are comparable to those subleading-color SYM amplitudes that are most subleading in the 1/N expansion, namely O(1/epsilon^L) for L-loop amplitudes. We derive linear relations between one- and two-loop four-point amplitudes and one-loop five-point amplitudes of N = 4, 5, and 6 supergravity and the most-subleading-color contributions of the analogous amplitudes of N = 0, 1, and 2 SYM theory, extending earlier results for N = 8 supergravity amplitudes. Our work relies on linear relations between…
Recent progress on scattering amplitudes has benefited from the mathematical technology of symbols for efficiently handling the types of polylogarithm functions which frequently appear in multi-loop computations. The symbol for all two-loop MHV amplitudes in planar SYM theory is known, but explicit analytic formulas for the amplitudes are hard to come by except in special limits where things simplify, such as multi-Regge kinematics. By applying symbology we obtain a formula for the leading behavior of the imaginary part (the Mandelstam cut contribution) of this amplitude in multi-Regge kinemat…
A general relation between families of (n+1) gluon and n gluon eigenstates of the BKP evolution kernels in the multicolour limit of QCD is derived. It allows to construct an (n+1) gluon eigenstate if an n gluon eigenstate is known; this solution is Bose symmetric and thus physical for even n. A recently found family of odderon solutions corresponds to the particular case n=2.
The soft wall model in holographic QCD has Regge trajectories but wrong operator product expansion (OPE) for the two-point vectorial QCD Green function. We modify the dilaton potential to comply OPE. We study also the axial two-point function using the same modified dilaton field and an additional scalar field to address chiral symmetry breaking. OPE is recovered adding a boundary term and low energy chiral parameters, $F_π$ and $L_{10}$, are well described analytically by the model in terms of Regge spacing and QCD condensates. The model nicely supports and extends previous theoretical analys…
We describe a general algorithm for the computation of the remainder function for n-gluon scattering in multi-Regge kinematics for strongly coupled planar N=4 super Yang-Mills theory. This regime is accessible through the infrared physics of an auxiliary quantum integrable system describing strings in AdS5xS5. Explicit formulas are presented for n=6 and n=7 external gluons. Our results are consistent with expectations from perturbative gauge theory. This paper comprises the technical details for the results announced in arXiv:1405.3658 .
We argue that the natural functions for describing the multi-Regge limit of six-gluon scattering in planar N=4 super Yang-Mills theory are the single-valued harmonic polylogarithmic functions introduced by Brown. These functions depend on a single complex variable and its conjugate, (w,w*). Using these functions, and formulas due to Fadin, Lipatov and Prygarin, we determine the six-gluon MHV remainder function in the leading-logarithmic approximation (LLA) in this limit through ten loops, and the next-to-LLA (NLLA) terms through nine loops. In separate work, we have determined the symbol of th…
We study the symbol of the two-loop n-gluon MHV amplitude for all Mandelstam regions in multi-Regge kinematics in N=4 super Yang-Mills theory. While the number of distinct Mandelstam regions grows exponentially with n, the increase of independent symbols turns out to be merely quadratic. We uncover how to construct the symbols for any number of external gluons from just two building blocks which are naturally associated with the six- and seven-gluon amplitude, respectively. The second building block is entirely new, and in addition to its symbol, we also construct a prototype function that cor…
A novel way of computing high-order amplitudes in the multi-Regge limit of planar maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory is presented. In this framework, we are able to obtain high-loop and high-leg results by an easy operation on known amplitudes with fewer loops and lower multiplicity. This mechanism will be reviewed, along with an ensuing factorisation which allows us to determine leading logarithmic MHV results for any number of legs at a fixed loop order.
We review the systematics of Mandelstam cut contributions to planar scattering amplitudes in the multi-Regge limit. Isolating the relevant cut terms, we explain how the BFKL expansion can be used to construct the perturbative n-point multi-Regge limit amplitude in certain kinematic regions from a finite number of basic building blocks. At three loops and at leading logarithmic order, two building blocks are required. Their symbols are extracted from the known three-loop six-point and seven-point symbols for general kinematics. The new seven-point building block is constructed in terms of singl…
In this paper we give a direct proof of the Ponzano-Regge asymptotic formula for the Wigner 6j symbol starting from Racah's single sum formula. Our method treats halfinteger and integer spins on the same footing. The generalization to Minkowskian tetrahedra is direct. This result should be relevant for the introduction of renormalization scales in spin foam models.
We show that each 26D open bosonic Regge string scattering amplitude (RSSA) can be expressed in terms of one single Appell function $F_1$ in the Regge limit. This result enables us to derive infinite number of recurrence relations among RSSA at arbitrary mass levels, which are conjectured to be related to the known SL(5,C) dynamical symmetry of $F_1$. In addition, we show that these recurrence relations in the Regge limit can be systematically solved so that all RSSA can be expressed in terms of one amplitude. All these results are dual to high energy symmetries of fixed angle string scatterin…
We study the pairwise interaction of reggeized gluons and quarks in the Regge limit of perturbative QCD. The interactions are represented as integral kernels in the transverse momentum space and as operators in the impact parameter space. We observe conformal symmetry and holomorphic factorization in all cases.
We compute for the first time the two-loop five-particle amplitude in $\mathcal{N}=8$ supergravity. Starting from the known integrand, we perform an integration-by-parts reduction and express the answer in terms of uniform weight master integrals. The latter are known to evaluate to non-planar pentagon functions, described by a 31-letter symbol alphabet. We express the final result for the amplitude in terms of uniform weight four symbols, multiplied by a small set of rational factors. The amplitude satisfies the expected factorization properties when one external graviton becomes soft, and wh…
We consider positivity constraints applicable to the Effective Field Theory (EFT) of gravity in arbitrary dimensions. By considering scattering of indefinite initial and final states, we highlight the existence of a gravitational scattering amplitude for which full crossing symmetry is manifest and utilize the recently developed crossing symmetric dispersion relations to derive compact non-linear bounds. We show that the null constraints built into these dispersion relations lead to a finite energy sum rule for gravity which may be extended to a one-parameter family of continuous moment sum ru…
We discover an infinite number of recurrence relations among Regge string scattering amplitudes \cite{bosonic,RRsusy} of different string states at arbitrary mass levels in the open bosonic string theory. As a result, all Regge string scattering amplitudes can be algebraically solved up to multiplicative factors. Instead of decoupling zero-norm states in the fixed angle regime, the calculation is based on recurrence relations and addition theorem of Kummer functions of the second kind. These recurrence relations among Regge string scattering amplitudes are dual to linear relations or symmetrie…
Using Schrödinger functional methods, we show that in the ${\cal N}=4$ SYM/Type IIB Supergravity correspondence the renormalisation of the boundary Newton and gravitational constants arising from bulk fields cancels when we sum over all the Kaluza-Klein modes of Supergravity. This accords with the expected finiteness of ${\cal N}=4$ SYM, and it is expected that other renormalisations cancel in a similar way.
Starting from the bosonic sector of the M-theory super-five-brane we obtain the action for duality-symmetric three-brane and construct the consistent coupling of the proposed action with the bosonic sector of type IIB supergravity.
We study the hidden symmetries arising in the dimensional reduction of d=5, N=2 supergravity to three dimensions. Extending previous partial results for the bosonic part, we give a derivation that includes fermionic terms, shedding light on the appearance of the local hidden symmetry SO(4) in the reduction.
We discuss the relation between the dual formulations of Type IIB supergravity emphasizing the differences between Lorentz and Euclidean signature. We demonstrate how the SL(2,R) symmetry of the usual action is manifested in the solution of the equations of motion with Euclidean signature for the dual theory.
