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arXiv 2203.17161cond-mat.mes-hallphysics.optics
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二维平带Dirac材料的光学响应

Optical response of two-dimensional Dirac materials with a flat band

Chen-Di Han, Ying-Cheng Lai

摘要:

具有平坦能带的二维狄拉克材料具有许多不寻常的电子性质,但对这些材料的光学性质研究较少。以$α$ - $\mathcal{T}_3$晶格为原型系统,其中$0\le α\le 1$为可调参数,$α> 0$在两个Dirac锥的圆锥相交处产生一个平带,对平带Dirac材料系统的电导率进行了解析和数值研究.由于光学电导率的虚部对光学响应有重要影响,并且是开发$α$ - $\mathcal{T}_3$晶格基光学器件的重要考虑因素,我们导出了一个包含实部和虚部的完整电导率公式。仔细研究这个公式,我们发现了两个现象。首先,当$α$在一定范围内时,两种光学跃迁共存:一种是两个狄拉克锥之间的跃迁,另一种是从平带到锥之间的跃迁,产生多频横向电传播波。其次,对于$α=1$,准粒子变为赝自旋1,平锥跃迁可导致共振散射。这些结果为利用$α$ - $T_3$晶格在太赫兹频域的光学器件应用铺平了道路。

英文摘要:

Two-dimensional Dirac materials with a flat band have been demonstrated to possess a plethora of unusual electronic properties, but the optical properties of these materials are less studied. Utilizing $α$-$\mathcal{T}_3$ lattice as a prototypical system, where $0\le α\le 1$ is a tunable parameter and a flat band through the conic intersection of two Dirac cones arises for $α> 0$, we investigate the conductivity of flat-band Dirac material systems analytically and numerically. Motivated by the fact that the imaginary part of the optical conductivity can have significant effects on the optical response and is an important factor of consideration for developing $α$-$\mathcal{T}_3$ lattice based optical devices, we are led to derive a complete conductivity formula with both the real and imaginary parts. Scrutinizing the formula, we uncover two phenomena. First, for the value of $α$ in some range, two types of optical transitions coexist: one between the two Dirac cones and another from the flat band to a cone, which generate multi-frequency transverse electrical propagating waves. Second, for $α=1$ so the quasiparticles become pseudospin-1, the flat-to-cone transition can result in resonant scattering. These results pave the way to exploiting $α$-$T_3$ lattice for optical device applications in the terahertz frequency domain.

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