具有矢势的Dirac电子系统的规范不变截止
Gauge-invariant cutoff for Dirac electron systems with a vector potential
摘要：
具有无界能谱的连续狄拉克模型被广泛用于描述各种电子系统中的低能态，例如石墨烯、拓扑绝缘体和Weyl半金属。然而，如果将其应用于分析电子对矢势的电磁响应，我们经常会发现一个破坏规范不变性的非物理结果。这是由能量或波数截止引起的伪影，用于避免响应发散。在这里，我们提出了一个修改的能量截止程序，保持规范不变性。我们用这个方法计算了二维无质量Dirac电子系统的响应函数。结果表明，由此产生的功能正确地描述了规范不变的方式的电磁响应。
英文摘要：
The continuum Dirac model with an unbounded energy spectrum is widely used to describe low-energy states in various electron systems, such as graphene, topological insulators, and Weyl semimetals. However, if it is applied to analyze the electromagnetic response of electrons to a vector potential, we often find an unphysical result that breaks gauge invariance. This is an artifact caused by an energy or wavenumber cutoff, which is used to avoid divergence of the response. Here, we propose a modified energy cutoff procedure that preserves the gauge invariance. We use this procedure to calculate the response functions in a two-dimensional massless Dirac electron system. It is shown that the resulting functions properly describe the electromagnetic response in a gauge-invariant manner.
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