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arXiv 2202.07877math.CO
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素图的素顶点子式

Prime vertex-minors of a prime graph

Donggyu Kim, Sang-il Oum

AI总结:

本文研究素图中非本质顶点的存在数量,将 Allys 的结果从至少一个加强到至少两个,并进一步证明在排除特定局部等价类后至少有三个非本质顶点,同时给出关于 pivot-minor 的类似结论。

摘要:

如果一个图不存在其顶点集的一个划分 $(A,B)$,使得 $\min\{|A|,|B|\} \geq 2$ 且其邻接矩阵的 $A\times B$ 子矩阵的秩至多为 $1$,则称该图为素图。图的一个顶点 $v$ 称为非本质顶点,如果在 $v$ 处的三种顶点子式约简中至少有两种得到素图。1994 年,Allys 证明了每个至少具有四个顶点的素图都有一个非本质顶点,除非它局部等价于一个圈图。我们证明每个至少具有四个顶点的素图至少有两个非本质顶点,除非它局部等价于一个圈图。作为一个推论,我们证明对于至少具有六个顶点的素图 $G$ 和一个顶点 $x$,存在一个顶点 $v \ne x$ 使得 $G \setminus v$ 或 $G * v \setminus v$ 是素图,除非 $x$ 与所有其他顶点相邻且 $G$ 同构于奇数个顶点上的一个特定图。此外,我们证明一个至少具有四个顶点的素图至少有三个非本质顶点,除非它局部等价于一个由两个固定不同顶点之间至少两条内部不相交且没有公共邻点的路径组成的图。我们还证明了关于 pivot-minor 的类似结果。

英文摘要:

A graph is prime if it does not admit a partition $(A,B)$ of its vertex set such that $\min\{|A|,|B|\} \geq 2$ and the rank of the $A\times B$ submatrix of its adjacency matrix is at most $1$. A vertex $v$ of a graph is non-essential if at least two of the three kinds of vertex-minor reductions at $v$ result in prime graphs. In 1994, Allys proved that every prime graph with at least four vertices has a non-essential vertex unless it is locally equivalent to a cycle graph. We prove that every prime graph with at least four vertices has at least two non-essential vertices unless it is locally equivalent to a cycle graph. As a corollary, we show that for a prime graph $G$ with at least six vertices and a vertex $x$, there is a vertex $v \ne x$ such that $G \setminus v$ or $G * v \setminus v$ is prime, unless $x$ is adjacent to all other vertices and $G$ is isomorphic to a particular graph on odd number of vertices. Furthermore, we show that a prime graph with at least four vertices has at least three non-essential vertices, unless it is locally equivalent to a graph consisting of at least two internally-disjoint paths between two fixed distinct vertices having no common neighbors. We also prove analogous results for pivot-minors.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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