The Phase-I Trigger Readout Electronics Upgrade of the ATLAS Liquid Argon Calorimeters
G. Aad, A. V. Akimov, K. Al Khoury, M. Aleksa, T. Andeen, C. Anelli, N. Aranzabal, C. Armijo, A. Bagulia, J. Ban, T. Barillari, F. Bellachia, M. Benoit, F. Bern… 展开作者
G. Aad, A. V. Akimov, K. Al Khoury, M. Aleksa, T. Andeen, C. Anelli, N. Aranzabal, C. Armijo, A. Bagulia, J. Ban, T. Barillari, F. Bellachia, M. Benoit, F. Bernon, A. Berthold, H. Bervas, D. Besin, A. Betti, Y. Bianga, M. Biaut, D. Boline, J. Boudreau, T. Bouedo, N. Braam, M. Cano Bret, G. Brooijmans, H. Cai, C. Camincher, A. Camplani, S. Cap, A. Carbone, J. W. S. Carter, S. V. Chekulaev, H. Chen, K. Chen, N. Chevillot, M. Citterio, B. Cleland, M. Constable, S. de Jong, A. M. Deiana, M. Delmastro, B. Deng, H. Deschamps, C. Diaconu, A. Dik, B. Dinkespiler, N. Dumont Dayot, A. Emerman, Y. Enari, P. J. Falke, J. Farrell, W. Fielitz, E. Fortin, J. Fragnaud, S. Franchino, L. Gantel, K. Gigliotti, D. Gong, A. Grabas, P. Grohs, N. Guettouche, T. Guillemin, D. Guo, J. Guo, L. Hasley, C. Hayes, R. Hentges, L. Hervas, M. Hils, J. Hobbs, A. Hoffman, D. Hoffmann, P. Horn, T. Hryn'ova, L. Iconomidou-Fayard, R. Iguchi, T. James, K. Johns, T. Junkermann, C. Kahra, E. F. Kay, R. Keeler, S. Ketabchi Haghighat, P. Kinget, E. Knoops, A. Kolbasin, P. Krieger, J. Kuppambatti, L. L. Kurchaninov, E. Ladygin, S. Lafrasse, M. P. J. Landon, F. Lanni, S. Latorre, D. Laugier, M. Lazzaroni, X. Le, P. Le Bourlout, C. A. Lee, M. Lefebvre, M. A. L. Leite, C. Leroy, X. Li, Z. Li, F. Liang, H. Liu, C. Liu, T. Liu, H. Ma, L. L. Ma, D. J. Mahon, U. Mallik, B. Mansoulie, A. L. Maslennikov, N. Matsuzawa, R. A. McPherson, S. Menke, A. Milic, Y. Minami, E. Molina, E. Monnier, N. Morange, L. Morvaj, J. Mueller, C. Mwewa, R. Narayan, N. Nikiforou, I. Ochoa, R. Oishi, D. Oliveira Damazio, R. E. Owen, C. Pancake, D. K. Panchal, G. Perrot, M. -A. Pleier, P. Poffenberger, R. Porter, S. Quan, J. Rabel, A. Roy, J. P. Rutherfoord, F. Sabatini, F. Salomon, E. Sauvan, A. C. Schaffer, R. D. Schamberger, Ph. Schwemling, C. Secord, L. Selem, K. Sexton, E. Shafto, M. V. Silva Oliveira, S. Simion, S. Singh, W. Sippach, A. A. Snesarev, S. Snyder, M. Spalla, S. Stärz, A. Straessner, P. Strizenec, R. Stroynowski, V. V. Sulin, J. Tanaka, S. Tang, S. Tapprogge, G. F. Tartarelli, G. Tateno, K. Terashi, S. Tisserant, D. Tompkins, G. Unal, M. Unal, K. Uno, A. Vallier, S. Vieira de Souza, R. Walker, Q. Wang, C. Wang, R. Wang, M. Wessels, I. Wingerter-Seez, K. Wolniewicz, W. Wu, Z. Xiandong, R. Xu, H. Xu, S. Yamamoto, Y. Yang, J. Ye, H. Zaghia, J. Zang, T. Zhang, H. L. Zhu, V. Zhulanov, E. Zonca, G. Zuk
The Phase-I trigger readout electronics upgrade of the ATLAS Liquid Argon calorimeters enhances the physics reach of the experiment during the upcoming operation at increasing Large Hadron Collider luminosities. The new system, installed during the second Large Hadron Collider Long Shutdown, increases the trigger readout granularity by up to a factor of ten as well as its precision and range. Consequently, the background rejection at trigger level is improved through enhanced filtering algorithms utilizing the additional information for topological discrimination of electromagnetic and hadronic shower shapes. This paper presents the final designs of the new electronic elements, their custom electronic devices, the procedures used to validate their proper functioning, and the performance achieved during the commissioning of this system.
Performance and Quality Control of a Radiation-Hard 12-bit 40 MSPS ADC for the ATLAS Liquid Argon Calorimeter Trigger Readout Electronics Phase-I Upgrade at the LHC
A Radiation-Hard Dual Channel 4-bit Pipeline for a 12-bit 40 MS/s ADC Prototype with extended Dynamic Range for the ATLAS Liquid Argon Calorimeter Readout Electronics Upgrade at the CERN LHC
Design, construction, commissioning and long term operational experience with the D0 Uranium/Liquid Argon calorimeter
D 0实验设计于20世纪80年代中期，并于1992年至2011年在费米实验室pp对撞机上运行。我描述了铀-液氩量热计及其读出电子，其在20世纪90年代后期进行了升级，以处理升级后的Tevatron在2001-2011年的第二次运行期间的更高亮度。我总结了20年来保持热量计的数据采集。我进一步描述了在此期间出现的一些问题，包括不同类型的噪声和只在中央量热计中看到的异常高压电流。
A monitoring and control test bench for assessing the upgraded low voltage power supplies for the ATLAS Tile Calorimeter Phase-II Upgrade front-end electronics
Tile Calorimeter Upgrade Program for the Luminosity Increasing at the LHC
瓦量能器（TileCal）是大型强子对撞机（LHC）ATLAS实验的中心强子量能器。LHC计划在2022年进行一次重大升级，用于高亮度LHC（HL-LHC）。ATLAS的高亮度升级计划分为三个阶段：第0阶段发生在$2013-2014$期间，为运行2准备LHC;第一阶段预计在2019年，将为运行3准备LHC，之后峰值亮度达到$2-3 \times 10^{34}$ cm $^{2}s^{-1}$ ;最后，第二阶段预计在2024年，将为HL-LHC操作准备对撞机（$5-7 \times 10^{34}$ cm $^{2}s^{-1}$）。第0阶段的TileCal主要活动是安装新的低压电源和激活TileCal第三层信号，以协助$1.0<|η|<1.3$（TileMuon项目）的μ子触发。在第二阶段，计划对TileCal读出电子设备进行重大升级。除了光电倍增管（PMT）之外，大多数探测器上和探测器外的电子设备都将被替换，目的是在前端水平将所有PMT脉冲数字化。这项工作描述了TileCal的升级活动，重点是TileMuon项目和新的探测器电子设备。
Quality control and quality assurance evaluation of ALFE2, a large-dynamic-range front-end ASIC de-veloped for the ATLAS Liquid Argon Calorimeter high-luminosity LHC upgrade
Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory（布鲁克海文国家实验室物理系）；Instrumentation Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory（布鲁克海文国家实验室仪器部）；Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University（石溪大学物理与天文系）；IJCLab, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3（巴黎萨克雷大学IJCLab，CNRS/IN2P3）；ESAT-ADVISE, KU Leuven（荷语鲁汶大学ESAT-ADVISE）；CERN（欧洲核子研究中心）
Firmware implementation of a recurrent neural network for the computation of the energy deposited in the liquid argon calorimeter of the ATLAS experiment
Tile Computer-on-Module for the ATLAS Tile Calorimeter Phase-II upgrades
瓦片预处理器（TilePPr）是高亮度大型强子对撞机（HL-LHC）瓦片量热计（TileCal）探测器外电子学的核心元件。TilePPr包括基于FPGA的板，用于操作和读取TileCal探测器上的电子器件。Tile Computer on Module（TileCoM）夹层嵌入在TilePPr中，实现三个主要功能。这些包括远程配置探测器上的电子设备和TilePPr FPGA，将TilePPr与ATLAS触发和数据采集（TDAQ）系统连接，以及通过提供监测数据将TilePPr与ATLAS探测器控制系统（DCS）连接。TileCoM是一款10层板，配有用于处理数据的Zynq UltraScale+ ZU 2CG、与TilePPr集成的接口组件以及连接到高级电信计算架构载体的电源。CentOS嵌入式Linux部署在TileCoM上，以实现HL-LHC所需的功能。本文从远程编程、与ATLAS TDAQ系统和DCS系统的接口等方面介绍了TileCoM系统的硬件和固件开发。
Component Prototypes towards a Low-Latency, Small-form-factor Optical Link for the ATLAS Liquid Argon Calorimeter Phase-I Trigger Upgrade
本文介绍了几个组件原型的ATLAS液氩量热计第一阶段触发升级设计的低延迟，小形状因子的光链路。一个定制的双通道光发射器模块的原型，微型光发射器（MTx），与单独的发射器光学子组件（TOSA）已被证明在数据速率高达8 Gbps的每通道。一个垂直腔面发射激光器（VCSEL）驱动器ASIC已经开发出来，并用于目前的MTx原型。一个串行器ASIC原型，工作在每通道高达8 Gbps，已被设计和测试。一个低延迟，低开销的编码器ASIC原型的设计和测试。整个链路的延迟，包括发送器延迟和接收器延迟，但不包括光纤的延迟，估计小于57.9 ns。MTx的尺寸为45 mm x 15 mm x 6 mm。
