We show that digraphs with no transitive tournament on $3$ vertices and in which every induced directed cycle has length $3$ can have arbitrarily large dichromatic number. This answers to the negative a question of Carbonero, Hompe, Moore, and Spirkl (and extends some of their results).
For $t \ge 2$, let us call a digraph $D$ \emph{t-chordal} if all induced directed cycles in $D$ have length equal to $t$. In a previous paper, we asked for which $t$ it is true that $t$-chordal graphs with bounded clique number have bounded dichromatic number. Recently, Aboulker, Bousquet, and de Verclos answered this in the negative for $t=3$, that is, they gave a construction of $3$-chordal digraphs with clique number at most $3$ and arbitrarily large dichromatic number. In this paper, we extend their result, giving for each $t \ge 3$ a construction of digraphs with clique number at most $3$…
The computational complexity of the graph isomorphism problem is considered to be a major open problem in theoretical computer science. It is known that testing isomorphism of chordal graphs is polynomial-time equivalent to the general graph isomorphism problem. Every chordal graph can be represented as the intersection graph of some subtrees of a representing tree, and the leafage of a chordal graph is defined to be the minimum number of leaves in a representing tree for it. We prove that chordal graph isomorphism is fixed parameter tractable with leafage as parameter. In the process we intro…
设D是图G的无圈定向。如果D的弧的反转产生一个有向环,则称之为从属弧。设m和M表示G的所有非循环定向上的依赖弧数的最小值和最大值。我们称G是完全可定向的,如果G有一个非循环定向,其中对任意d满足m <= d <= M,恰有d条依赖弧.一个图G称为弦图,如果G中每个长度至少为4的圈都有一个弦。我们证明了所有弦图都是完全可定向的。
The Glauber dynamics on the colourings of a graph is a random process which consists in recolouring at each step a random vertex of a graph with a new colour chosen uniformly at random among the colours not already present in its neighbourhood. It is known that when the total number of colours available is at least $Δ+2$, where $Δ$ is the maximum degree of the graph, this process converges to a uniform distribution on the set of all the colourings. Moreover, a well known conjecture is that the time it takes for the convergence to happen, called the mixing time, is polynomial in the size of the…
On the phylogeny graphs of degree-bounded digraphs
Hefner [K. A. S. Hefner,K. F. Jones,S. -R.金河,巴西-地Lundgren和F. S.罗伯茨:$(i,j)$竞争图,离散应用数学,32,(1991)241-262]刻画了无圈有向图,其每个顶点的度和出度至多为2,且其竞争图是区间图。对于每个顶点的度和出度最多为两个$(2,2)$有向图的有向图,我们称之为无圈有向图。本文研究了$(2,2)$有向图的生成图。特别地,我们给出了$(2,2)$有向图具有弦生成图的一个充分条件和必要条件。系统发育图在贝叶斯网络理论中也称为道德图。我们的工作是出于贝叶斯网络中的证据传播相关的问题,这是有用的,知道哪些无环有向图有他们的道德图弦。
Graph convexity spaces have been studied in many contexts. In particular, some studies are devoted to determine if a graph equipped with a convexity space is a {\em convex geometry}. It is well known that chordal and Ptolemaic graphs can be characterized as convex geometries with respect to the geodesic and monophonic convexities, respectively. Weak polarizable graphs, interval graphs, and proper interval graphs can also be characterized in this way. In this paper we introduce the notion of {\em $l^k$-convexity}, a natural restriction of the monophonic convexity. Let $G$ be a graph and $k\geq …
In a graph $G=(V,E)$ with no isolated vertex, a dominating set $D \subseteq V$, is called a semitotal dominating set if for every vertex $u \in D$ there is another vertex $v \in D$, such that distance between $u$ and $v$ is at most two in $G$. Given a graph $G=(V,E)$ without isolated vertices, the Minimum Semitotal Domination problem is to find a minimum cardinality semitotal dominating set of $G$. The semitotal domination number, denoted by $γ_{t2}(G)$, is the minimum cardinality of a semitotal dominating set of $G$. The decision version of the problem remains NP-complete even when restricted…
An orientation $D$ of a graph $G=(V,E)$ is a digraph obtained from $G$ by replacing each edge by exactly one of the two possible arcs with the same end vertices. For each $v \in V(G)$, the indegree of $v$ in $D$, denoted by $d^-_D(v)$, is the number of arcs with head $v$ in $D$. An orientation $D$ of $G$ is proper if $d^-_D(u)\neq d^-_D(v)$, for all $uv\in E(G)$. An orientation with maximum indegree at most $k$ is called a $k$-orientation. The proper orientation number of $G$, denoted by $\overrightarrowχ(G)$, is the minimum integer $k$ such that $G$ admits a proper $k$-orientation. We prove t…
A moplex is a natural graph structure that arises when lifting Dirac's classical theorem from chordal graphs to general graphs. While every non-complete graph has at least two moplexes, little is known about structural properties of graphs with a bounded number of moplexes. The study of these graphs is, in part, motivated by the parallel between moplexes in general graphs and simplicial modules in chordal graphs: unlike in the moplex setting, properties of chordal graphs with a bounded number of simplicial modules are well understood. For instance, chordal graphs having at most two simplicial …
We study the minimum size $f$ of a feedback vertex set in directed and undirected $n$-vertex graphs of given degeneracy or treewidth. In the undirected setting the bound $\frac{k-1}{k+1}n$ is known to be tight for graphs with bounded treewidth $k$ or bounded odd degeneracy $k$. We show that neither of the easy upper and lower bounds $\frac{k-1}{k+1}n$ and $\frac{k}{k+2}n$ can be exact for the case of even degeneracy. More precisely, for even degeneracy $k$ we prove that $f < \frac{k}{k+2}n$ and for every $ε>0$, there exists a $k$-degenerate graph for which $f\geq \frac{3k-2}{3k+4}n -ε$. For di…
We consider the extremal values of the stationary distribution of sparse directed random graphs with given degree sequences and their relation to the extremal values of the in-degree sequence. The graphs are generated by the directed configuration model. Under the assumption of bounded $(2+η)$-moments on the in-degrees and of bounded out-degrees, we obtain tight comparisons between the maximum value of the stationary distribution and the maximum in-degree. Under the further assumption that the order statistics of the in-degrees have a power-law behavior, we show that the extremal values of the…