arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2112.09079q-bio.PEcond-mat.softcond-mat.stat-mechphysics.flu-dyn
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流体流动的空间群体遗传学

Spatial population genetics with fluid flow

Roberto Benzi, David R. Nelson, Suraj Shankar, Federico Toschi, Xiaojue Zhu

摘要:

微生物种群的生长和进化往往受到空间扩展环境中流体流动的平流作用,这对海洋生态学中的空间群体遗传学、浮游生物多样性和生命起源等问题产生直接影响。在这里,我们回顾了最近取得的进展,了解这个丰富的问题,在简化设置的两个竞争的遗传微生物菌株进行流体流动。作为一个教学的例子,我们集中在antagonism,即,两种杀手微生物菌株,每种菌株在静止的流体流存在下分泌毒素,阻碍其竞争对手的生长(竞争性排斥)。通过求解两个耦合的反应扩散方程,其中包括平流由简单的稳定的细胞流组成的特征流图案在两个维度(2D),我们展示了如何本地流剪切和压缩性效应可以相互作用的选择优势,有显着的影响遗传竞争和固定在空间分布的人口。我们分析了几个一维和二维流动的几何形状,包括源,汇,涡和鞍,并显示如何简单的分析模型的动力学的遗传接口可以用来揭示成核,共存和流动驱动的遗传滴的不稳定性。通过利用与非保守序参数相分离的类比,我们揭示了这些遗传滴如何利用流体流动进行新的进化策略,即使在存在数量波动的情况下,也可以通过基于代理的模拟来证实。

英文摘要:

The growth and evolution of microbial populations is often subjected to advection by fluid flows in spatially extended environments, with immediate consequences for questions of spatial population genetics in marine ecology, planktonic diversity and origin of life scenarios. Here, we review recent progress made in understanding this rich problem in the simplified setting of two competing genetic microbial strains subjected to fluid flows. As a pedagogical example we focus on antagonsim, i.e., two killer microorganism strains, each secreting toxins that impede the growth of their competitors (competitive exclusion), in the presence of stationary fluid flows. By solving two coupled reaction-diffusion equations that include advection by simple steady cellular flows composed of characteristic flow motifs in two dimensions (2d), we show how local flow shear and compressibility effects can interact with selective advantage to have a dramatic influence on genetic competition and fixation in spatially distributed populations. We analyze several 1d and 2d flow geometries including sources, sinks, vortices and saddles, and show how simple analytical models of the dynamics of the genetic interface can be used to shed light on the nucleation, coexistence and flow-driven instabilities of genetic drops. By exploiting an analogy with phase separation with nonconserved order parameters, we uncover how these genetic drops harness fluid flows for novel evolutionary strategies, even in the presence of number fluctuations, as confirmed by agent-based simulations as well.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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