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arXiv 2109.08971cs.GT
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具有非对称随机估值的智能体的无嫉妒与帕累托最优分配

Envy-Free and Pareto-Optimal Allocations for Agents with Asymmetric Random Valuations

Yushi Bai, Paul Gölz

AI总结:

本文研究智能体具有非对称随机估值时不可分割物品的无嫉妒与帕累托最优分配问题,证明当物品数m=Ω(n log n)时此类分配高概率存在,并给出多项式时间算法。

摘要:

我们研究将m个不可分割物品分配给n个具有可加效用的智能体的问题。期望分配既公平又高效,我们通过无嫉妒性和帕累托最优性的概念来形式化这一点。虽然对于任意效用剖面,无嫉妒和帕累托最优分配可能不存在,但先前的工作表明,假设所有智能体对所有物品的估值独立地从一个共同分布中抽取,则此类分配以高概率存在。在本文中,我们考虑该模型的一个推广,其中每个智能体的效用独立地从一个特定于该智能体的分布中抽取。我们证明,当m=Ω(n log n)时,无嫉妒和帕累托最优分配在这种非对称模型中很可能存在,该下界紧致到一个log log差距,该差距在对称子设置中也仍然未解决。此外,这些保证可以通过一个多项式时间算法实现。

英文摘要:

We study the problem of allocating $m$ indivisible items to $n$ agents with additive utilities. It is desirable for the allocation to be both fair and efficient, which we formalize through the notions of envy-freeness and Pareto-optimality. While envy-free and Pareto-optimal allocations may not exist for arbitrary utility profiles, previous work has shown that such allocations exist with high probability assuming that all agents' values for all items are independently drawn from a common distribution. In this paper, we consider a generalization of this model where each agent's utilities are drawn independently from a distribution specific to the agent. We show that envy-free and Pareto-optimal allocations are likely to exist in this asymmetric model when $m=Ω\left(n\log n\right)$, which is tight up to a log log gap that also remains open in the symmetric subsetting. Furthermore, these guarantees can be achieved by a polynomial-time algorithm.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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