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arXiv 2109.01953quant-phhep-lathep-phnucl-th
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分级量子比特映射与分级量子纠错

Hierarchical Qubit Maps and Hierarchical Quantum Error Correction

Natalie Klco, Martin J. Savage

摘要:

我们考虑分层实现的量子纠错(HI-QEC),其中逻辑量子比特的量子数被差分优化以增强量子器件在科学应用中的能力。通过采用将模拟系统中的层次结构传播到逻辑量子比特噪声敏感性中的层次结构的量子比特表示,可以系统地构造物理到逻辑量子比特的分布的异质性。为了具体起见,我们估计HI-QEC在计算低能量可观测量到固定精度时对表面码资源的影响,发现在早期纠错模拟中量子位要求的$\sim 60\%$减少是合理的。分层量子比特映射也是可能的,在量子比特和量子比特系统中没有错误校正,其中非均匀性是无意的或通过设计的。分层优化是核物理和粒子物理量子模拟协同设计过程中的另一个要素。

英文摘要:

We consider hierarchically implemented quantum error correction (HI-QEC), in which the fidelities of logical qubits are differentially optimized to enhance the capabilities of quantum devices in scientific applications. By employing qubit representations that propagate hierarchies in simulated systems to those in logical qubit noise sensitivities, heterogeneity in the distribution of physical-to-logical qubits can be systematically structured. For concreteness, we estimate HI-QEC's impact on surface code resources in computing low-energy observables to fixed precision, finding up to $\sim 60\%$ reductions in qubit requirements plausible in early error corrected simulations. Hierarchical qubit maps are also possible without error correction in qubit and qudit systems where fidelities are non-uniform, either unintentionally or by design. Hierarchical optimizations are another element in the co-design process of quantum simulations for nuclear and particle physics.

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