We prove the first $χ$-bounding function for circle graphs that is optimal up to a constant factor. To be more precise, we prove that every circle graph with clique number at most $ω$ has chromatic number at most $2ω\log_2 (ω) +2ω\log_2(\log_2 (ω)) + 10ω$.
It has been common knowledge since 1950 that seven colours can be assigned to tiles of an infinite honeycomb with cells of unit diameter such that no two tiles of the same colour are closer than $d(7)=\frac{\sqrt{7}}{2}$ apart. Various authors have described tilings using $k>7$ colours, giving corresponding values for $d(k)$, but it is generally unknown whether these are the largest possible for a given $k$. Here, for many $k$, we describe tilings with larger values of $d(k)$ than previously reported.
We study the problem of sampling almost uniform proper $q$-colourings in $k$-uniform simple hypergraphs with maximum degree $Δ$. For any $δ> 0$, if $k \geq\frac{20(1+δ)}δ$ and $q \geq 100Δ^{\frac{2+δ}{k-4/δ-4}}$, the running time of our algorithm is $\tilde{O}(\mathrm{poly}(Δk)\cdot n^{1.01})$, where $n$ is the number of vertices. Our result requires fewer colours than previous results for general hypergraphs (Jain, Pham, and Voung, 2021; He, Sun, and Wu, 2021), and does not require $Ω(\log n)$ colours unlike the work of Frieze and Anastos (2017).
We develop an improved bound for the chromatic number of graphs of maximum degree $Δ$ under the assumption that the number of edges spanning any neighbourhood is at most $(1-σ)\binomΔ{2}$ for some fixed $0<σ<1$. The leading term in the reduction of colours achieved through this bound is best possible as $σ\to0$. As two consequences, we advance the state of the art in two longstanding and well-studied graph colouring conjectures, the Erdős-Nešetřil conjecture and Reed's conjecture. We prove that the strong chromatic index is at most $1.772Δ^2$ for any graph $G$ with sufficiently large maximum d…
In 1980, Akiyama, Exoo and Harary posited the Linear Arboricity Conjecture which states that any graph $G$ of maximum degree $Δ$ can be decomposed into at most $\left\lceil \fracΔ{2}\right\rceil$ linear forests. (A forest is linear if all of its components are paths.) In 1988, Alon proved the conjecture holds asymptotically. The current best bound is due to Ferber, Fox and Jain from 2020 who showed that $\fracΔ{2}+ O(Δ^{.661})$ suffices for large enough $Δ$. Here, we show that $G$ admits a decomposition into at most $\fracΔ{2}+ 3\sqrtΔ \log^4 Δ$ linear forests provided $Δ$ is large enough. Mor…
Given $\varepsilon>0$, there exists $f_0$ such that, if $f_0 \le f \le Δ^2+1$, then for any graph $G$ on $n$ vertices of maximum degree $Δ$ in which the neighbourhood of every vertex in $G$ spans at most $Δ^2/f$ edges, (i) an independent set of $G$ drawn uniformly at random has at least $(1/2-\varepsilon)(n/Δ)\log f$ vertices in expectation, and (ii) the fractional chromatic number of $G$ is at most $(2+\varepsilon)Δ/\log f$. These bounds cannot in general be improved by more than a factor $2$ asymptotically. One may view these as stronger versions of results of Ajtai, Komlós and Szemerédi (19…
In this simple paper, we exhibit a Schur partition giving rise to a triangle-free linear colouring of $K_{1697}$ in 7 colours. Thus we show that the Schur number $S(7) \ge 1696$ and the multicolour Ramsey number $R_{7}(3) \ge 1698$. We also demonstrate a specific partition of the closed integer interval $[1, 376]$ which, through repeated use of a specific construction, allows us to conclude that $S(k+5) \ge 376.S(k)+160$ for any positive integer $k$. The existence of this partition, with its specific properties, implies that $\lim_{\substack{r \rightarrow \infty}} R{_r}(3)^{1/r} > 3.273$.
This paper sets out the results of a range of searches for linear and cyclic graph colourings with specific Ramsey properties. The new graphs comprise mainly 'template graphs' which can be used in a construction described by the current author in 2021 to build linear or cyclic compound graphs with inherited Ramsey properties. These graphs result in improved lower bounds for a wide range of multicolour Ramsey numbers. Searches were carried out using relatively simple programs (written in the language `C') to generate clauses for input to the PeneLoPe and Plingeling parallel SAT-solvers. When so…
An improved bound on the number of point-surface incidences in three dimensions
我们证明了满足适当的非退化条件的$\mathbb{R}^3$中有界度的$m$点和$n$光滑代数曲面最多有$O(m^{\frac{2k}{3k-1}}n^{\frac{3k-3}{3k-1}}+m+n)$关联,只要对某些$k\geq 3$,任何$k$点的集合最多有O(1)个曲面通过它们.在曲面为球面且没有三个球面相交于同一圆的情况下,这意味着存在$O((mn)^{3/4} + m +n)$点-球面入射。对于$β(m,n)$(显式)增长非常缓慢的函数,这比之前的$O((mn)^{3/4} β(m,n)+ m +n)$边界略有改进。我们得到这个界限使用离散多项式火腿三明治定理切割$\mathbb{R}^3$到开放的细胞适应的点集,并在每个细胞的分解,我们应用图兰型定理,以获得粗糙的控制点表面的发病率。然后,我们执行第二个多项式火腿三明治分解的不可约组件的品种所定义的第一次分解。作为应用,我们得到了$\mathbb{R}^3$中$m$点间最大单位距离个数的一个新的界.
A circular $r$-coloring of a signed graph $(G, σ)$ is an assignment $ϕ$ of points of a circle $C_r$ of circumference $r$ to the vertices of $(G, σ)$ such that for each positive edge $uv$ of $(G, σ)$ the distance of $ϕ(v)$ and $ϕ(v)$ is at least 1 and for each negative edge $uv$ the distance of $ϕ(u)$ from the antipodal of $ϕ(v)$ is at least 1. The circular chromatic number of $(G, σ)$, denoted $χ_c(G, σ)$, is the infimum of $r$ such that $(G, σ)$ admits a circular $r$-coloring. This notion is recently defined by Naserasr, Wang, and Zhu who, among other results, proved that for any signed $d$-d…
For a graph $G=(V,E)$, $k\in \mathbb{N}$, and a complex number $w$ the partition function of the univariate Potts model is defined as \[ {\bf Z}(G;k,w):=\sum_{ϕ:V\to [k]}\prod_{\substack{uv\in E \\ ϕ(u)=ϕ(v)}}w, \] where $[k]:=\{1,\ldots,k\}$. In this paper we give zero-free regions for the partition function of the anti-ferromagnetic Potts model on bounded degree graphs. In particular we show that for any $Δ\in \mathbb{N}$ and any $k\geq eΔ+1$, there exists an open set $U$ in the complex plane that contains the interval $[0,1)$ such that ${\bf Z}(G;k,w)\neq 0$ for any $w\in U$ and any graph $…