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arXiv 2106.08754cond-mat.mtrl-scieess.IV
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低剂量低温电子显微术揭示锂金属阳极共形三维界面

Conformal Three-Dimensional Interphase of Li Metal Anode Revealed by Low Dose Cryo-Electron Microscopy

Bing Han, Xiangyan Li, Shuang Bai, Yucheng Zou, Bingyu Lu, Minghao Zhang, Xiaomin Ma, Zhi Chang, Ying Shirley Meng, Meng Gu

摘要:

使用低温透射电子显微镜,我们揭示了三维(3D)的电化学镀锂(Li)薄片和它们的固体电解质界面(SEI)的结构细节,包括复合SEI皮层和埋在Li基质内的SEI化石片。由于SEI表层主要由无定形聚合物基质中的纳米晶体LiF和Li2O组成,当发生完全的Li剥离时,受损的SEI三维框架弯曲,形成纳米级弯曲和褶皱。我们表明,SEI皮肤层的灵活性和弹性在Li剥离后保持完整的SEI 3D框架方面起着至关重要的作用。完整的SEI网络使得新镀覆的Li能够在随后的循环中在先前形成的SEI网络内成核和生长,防止在新镀覆的Li金属和电解质之间形成额外的大量SEI。此外,在精确控制的单轴压力下循环的电池可以进一步提高SEI骨架的重复利用率,并将库仑效率(CE)提高高达97%,证明了减少额外SEI和无活性死Li形成的有效策略。这种柔性和多孔3D SEI框架的识别阐明了电池用锂金属阳极中SEI的工作机制。这项工作中提供的见解将激励研究人员在其他金属阳极上设计更多功能的人工3D SEI,以提高可充电金属电池的循环寿命。

英文摘要:

Using cryogenic transmission electron microscopy, we revealed three dimensional (3D) structural details of the electrochemically plated lithium (Li) flakes and their solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), including the composite SEI skin-layer and SEI fossil pieces buried inside the Li matrix. As the SEI skin-layer is largely comprised of nanocrystalline LiF and Li2O in amorphous polymeric matrix, when complete Li stripping occurs, the compromised SEI three-dimensional framework buckles, forming nanoscale bends and wrinkles. We showed that the flexibility and resilience of the SEI skin-layer plays a vital role in preserving an intact SEI 3D framework after Li stripping. The intact SEI network enables the nucleation and growth of the newly plated Li inside the previously formed SEI network in the subsequent cycles, preventing additional large amount of SEI formation between newly plated Li metal and the electrolyte. In addition, cells cycled under the accurately controlled uniaxial pressure can further enhance the repeated utilization of the SEI framework and improve the coulombic efficiency (CE) by up to 97%, demonstrating an effective strategy of reducing the formation of additional SEI and inactive dead Li. The identification of such flexible and porous 3D SEI framework clarifies the working mechanism of SEI in lithium metal anode for batteries. The insights provided in this work will inspire researchers to design more functional artificial 3D SEI on other metal anodes to improve rechargeable metal battery with long cycle life.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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