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arXiv 2103.02123astro-ph.GA
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暗后发星系中核星团的高出现率以及质量和环境的作用

A high occurrence of nuclear star clusters in faint Coma galaxies, and the roles of mass and environment

Emilio J. B. Zanatta, Rubén Sánchez-Janssen, Ana L. Chies-Santos, Rafael S. de Souza, John P. Blakeslee

摘要:

我们使用深的高分辨率\textit{HST/ACS}成像的后发座星系团的核心两个领域的调查发生的核星团(NSC)在静止的矮星系一样微弱的$M_{I} = -10$马格。我们采用分层贝叶斯逻辑回归框架模型的核分数($f_{n}$)作为星系光度和环境的函数的暗端。我们发现,$f_n$是显着高昏迷:在$M_{I} \approx -13$ mag集群侏儒的一半仍然主机突出的神经干细胞。与附近星系团和星系群中的矮星系的比较表明,在不确定性范围内,成核概率随星系光度变化的速率几乎是普遍的。另一方面,在固定光度下,有核星系的比例确实表现出环境依赖性。更大质量的环境具有更高的成核分数和更微弱的半成核光度值,其大致与宿主晕维里质量成比例为$L_{I,f_{n50}} \propto \mathcal{M}_{200}^{-0.2}$。我们的研究结果加强了星系光度/质量作为NSC形成效率的主要驱动因素的作用,并且还表明了对环境的明显次要依赖,从而为更精细的理论模型铺平了道路。

英文摘要:

We use deep high resolution \textit{HST/ACS} imaging of two fields in the core of the Coma cluster to investigate the occurrence of nuclear star clusters (NSCs) in quiescent dwarf galaxies as faint as $M_{I} = -10$ mag. We employ a hierarchical Bayesian logistic regression framework to model the faint end of the nucleation fraction ($f_{n}$) as a function of both galaxy luminosity and environment. We find that $f_n$ is remarkably high in Coma: at $M_{I} \approx -13$ mag half of the cluster dwarfs still host prominent NSCs. Comparison with dwarf systems in nearby clusters and groups shows that, within the uncertainties, the rate at which the probability of nucleation varies with galaxy luminosity is nearly universal. On the other hand, the fraction of nucleated galaxies at fixed luminosity does exhibit an environmental dependence. More massive environments feature higher nucleation fractions and fainter values of the half-nucleation luminosity, which roughly scales with host halo virial mass as $L_{I,f_{n50}} \propto \mathcal{M}_{200}^{-0.2}$. Our results reinforce the role of galaxy luminosity/mass as a major driver of the efficiency of NSC formation and also indicate a clear secondary dependence on the environment, hence paving the way to more refined theoretical models.

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