Fossil group origins V. The dependence of the luminosity function on the magnitude gap
S. Zarattini, J. A. L Aguerri, R. Sanchez-Janssen, R. Barrena, W. Boschin, C. del Burgo, N. Castro-Rodriguez, E. M. Corsini, E. D'Onghia, M. Girardi, J. Iglesia… 展开作者
S. Zarattini, J. A. L Aguerri, R. Sanchez-Janssen, R. Barrena, W. Boschin, C. del Burgo, N. Castro-Rodriguez, E. M. Corsini, E. D'Onghia, M. Girardi, J. Iglesias-Paramo, A. Kundert, J. Mendez-Abreu, J. M. Vilchez
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11 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
In nature we observe galaxy aggregations that span a wide range of magnitude gaps between the two first-ranked galaxies of a system ($Δm_{12}$). There are systems with gaps close to zero (e.g., the Coma cluster), and at the other extreme of the distribution, the largest gaps are found among the so-called fossil systems. Fossil and non-fossil systems could have different galaxy populations that should be reflected in their luminosity functions. In this work we study, for the first time, the dependence of the luminosity function parameters on $Δm_{12}$ using data obtained by the fossil group origins (FOGO) project. We constructed a hybrid luminosity function for 102 groups and clusters at $z \le 0.25$. We stacked all the individual luminosity functions, dividing them into bins of $Δm_{12}$, and studied their best-fit Schechter parameters. We additionally computed a relative luminosity function, expressed as a function of the central galaxy luminosity, which boosts our capacity to detect differences, especially at the bright end. We find trends as a function of $Δm_{12}$ at both the bright and faint ends of the luminosity function. In particular, at the bright end, the larger the magnitude gap, the fainter the characteristic magnitude $M^\ast$. We also find differences at the faint end. In this region, the larger the gap, the flatter the faint-end slope $α$. The differences found at the bright end support a dissipationless, dynamical friction-driven merging model for the growth of the central galaxy in group- and cluster-sized halos. The differences in the faint end cannot be explained by this mechanism. Other processes, such as enhanced tidal disruption due to early infall and/or prevalence of eccentric orbits, may play a role. However, a larger sample of systems with $Δm_{12} > 1.5$ is needed to establish the differences at the faint end.
We analyse the large-scale structure out to 100 Mpc around a sample of 16 confirmed fossil systems using spectroscopic information from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 16. We compute the distance between our FGs and the centres of filaments and nodes presented in \citet{Chen2016}. We also study the density of bright galaxies, since they are thought to be good mass tracers, and the projected over densities of galaxies. Finally, we apply a FoF algorithm to detect virialised structures around our FGs, in order to have an estimate of the mass available in their surroundings. FGs are main…
Groups are the most common association of galaxies in the Universe, found in different configuration states such as loose, compact and fossil groups. We have studied the galaxy group MKW 4s, dominated by the giant early-type galaxy NGC 4104 at z=0.0282. Our aim was to understand the evolutionary stage of this group and to place it within the framework of the standard LambdaCDM cosmological scenario. We have obtained deep optical data with CFHT/Megacam (g and r bands) and we have applied both the galfit 2D image fitting program and the IRAF/ellipse 1D radial method to model the brightest group …
Ultimate age-dating method for galaxy groups; clues from the Millennium Simulations
有许多研究致力于鉴定化石星系群,可以说是形成时代相对较老的星系群。大多数这样的研究确定化石群,主要是基于一个大的光度差距,这是两个最明亮的星系之间的星等差距。在千禧年宇宙学模拟中对这些类型星系群的研究表明,虽然它们已经积累了相当大一部分质量,相对来说比光度差距小的星系群要早,但这个参数本身并不能有效地完全区分“老”和“年轻”星系群,这是一个基于晕质量积累历史的标签。我们研究了Guo et al.(2011)基于Millennium Simulation的半解析模型中的星系。我们建立了一组四个观测可测量的参数,可以结合使用,以确定一个子集的星系群是老的,具有很高的概率。因此,我们认为,基于光度差距选择的化石群样本将导致旧星系群样本的污染。通过对最亮星系的光度及其与星系群光度质心的偏移量进行限制,我们可以大大改善年龄测定。
We review the formation and evolution of fossil groups and clusters from both the theoretical and the observational points of view. In the optical band, these systems are dominated by the light of the central galaxy. They were interpreted as old systems that had enough time to merge all the M* galaxies within the central one. During the last two decades many observational studies were performed to prove the old and relaxed state of fossil systems. The majority of these studies, that spans a wide range of topics including halos global scaling relations, dynamical substructures, stellar populati…
We present a detailed study of fossil group candidates identified in "Last Journey", a gravity-only cosmological simulation covering a $(3.4\, h^{-1}\mathrm{Gpc})^3$ volume with a particle mass resolution of $m_p \approx 2.7 \times 10^9\, h^{-1}\mathrm{M}_\odot$. The simulation allows us to simultaneously capture a large number of group-scale halos and to resolve their internal structure. Historically, fossil groups have been characterized by high X-ray brightness and a large luminosity gap between the brightest and second brightest galaxy in the group. In order to identify candidate halos tha…
We aim to study how the orbits of galaxies in clusters depend on the prominence of the corresponding central galaxies. We divided our data set of $\sim$ 100 clusters and groups into four samples based on their magnitude gap between the two brightest members, $Δm_{12}$. We then stacked all the systems in each sample, in order to create four stacked clusters, and derive the mass and velocity anisotropy profiles for the four groups of clusters using the MAMPOSSt procedure. Once the mass profile is known, we also obtain the (non parametric) velocity anisotropy profile via the inversion of the Jean…
We investigate the properties of the dark matter (DM) halo surrounding the nearby galaxy group NGC 1600. Through the use of deep (252 ks) Chandra observations and 64.3 ks of XMM-Newton observations, we construct surface brightness profiles in multiple energy bands in order to perform hydrostatic equilibrium analysis of the hot plasma within NGC 1600. Regardless of the DM model profile assumed, we measure a halo concentration (c$_{200}$) that is an extreme, positive outlier of the $Λ$CDM c$_{200}$-M$_{200}$ relation. For a typical NFW DM profile, we measure c$_{200}\!=\!26.7\pm1.4$ and M$_{200}…
Resurging from the ashes: A spectral study of seven candidate revived radio fossils in nearby low-mass galaxy clusters
Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) - Istituto di Radioastronomia (IRA)(意大利国家天体物理研究所-射电天文研究所);Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia (DIFA), Università di Bologna(博洛尼亚大学物理与天文学系);Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica – Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica cosmica (IASF)(意大利国家天体物理研究所-空间天体物理学与宇宙物理学研究所);Thüringer Landessternwarte(图林根州天文台);Hamburger Sternwarte, Universität Hamburg(汉堡大学汉堡天文台);Center for Radio Astronomy Techniques and Technologies, Rhodes University(罗德斯大学射电天文技术与方法中心)
Testing the near-far connection with FIRE simulations: inferring the stellar mass function of the proto-Local Group at z > 6 using the fossil record of present-day galaxies
Bulge Fossil Fragments as a new population of factories of gravitational wave sources in the Galaxy
Università degli Studi di Bologna(博洛尼亚大学);INAF, Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna(意大利国家天体物理研究所博洛尼亚天文与空间科学观测站);Dept. of Astronomy, Indiana University(印第安纳大学天文学系)
J1248+4826: A diffuse radio source consistent with re-energized fossil plasma in a galaxy group
INAF - Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica cosmica (IASF)(意大利国家天体物理研究所空间天体物理学与宇宙学研究所);University of California, San Diego(加利福尼亚大学圣地亚哥分校);University of Arizona(亚利桑那大学);Université Paris-Saclay(巴黎萨克雷大学)