The Enigmatic (Almost) Dark Galaxy Coma P: The Atomic Interstellar Medium
Catherine Ball, John M. Cannon, Lukas Leisman, Elizabeth A. K. Adams, Martha P. Haynes, Gyula I. G. Jozsa, Kristen B. W. McQuinn, John J. Salzer, Samantha Brunk… 展开作者
Catherine Ball, John M. Cannon, Lukas Leisman, Elizabeth A. K. Adams, Martha P. Haynes, Gyula I. G. Jozsa, Kristen B. W. McQuinn, John J. Salzer, Samantha Brunker, Riccardo Giovanelli, Gregory Hallenbeck, William Janesh, Steven Janowiecki, Michael G. Jones, Katherine L. Rhode
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26 pages, 17 figures. Published in the Astronomical Journal 155, 65
我们提出了新的高分辨率HI谱线成像后发座P,在系统HI 1232 $+$ 20中最亮的HI源。这个表面亮度极低的星系在ALLENFA巡天中首次被确认为“(几乎)黑暗”天体:一个明显的河外HI源,在现有的光学巡天数据中没有明显的光学对应物(尽管在GALEX档案成像中检测到微弱的紫外线发射)。利用韦斯特博克综合射电望远镜和卡尔G。Jansky甚大阵,我们调查HI形态和运动学在各种物理尺度。HI形态不规则,仅达到质量表面密度的中等最大值(峰$σ_{\rm HI}\sim 10$ $M_{\odot}$ pc $^{-2}$)。较低表面亮度的气体延伸到大的径向距离,在1 $M_{\odot}$ pc $^{-2}$能级内测量的HI直径为4.0 $\pm$ 0.2 kpc。我们考虑GALEX远紫外观测和H $α$未探测到的HI气体质量表面密度和各种类型的恒星形成之间的关系进行量化。我们描述了昏迷P的复杂HI运动学空间分辨的位置-速度分析和三维建模。这两种分析方法都表明后发座P的运动学特征要么是两个HI盘的碰撞,要么是一个重大的撞击事件。彗差P与已知的M $_{\rm HI}$- D $_{\rm HI}$标度关系恰好一致(在3个$σ$内)。它要么对于其HI质量太大,要么对于其HI尺寸具有太低的HI质量,或者两个HI分量人为地扩展其HI尺寸。后发座P位于重子塔利-费舍尔关系的暗端的经验散射内,尽管HI动力学的复杂性使解释复杂化。后发座P的集体HI特征使其在附近宇宙的已知星系中不寻常。[删节]
英文摘要:
We present new high-resolution HI spectral line imaging of Coma P, the brightest HI source in the system HI 1232$+$20. This extremely low surface brightness galaxy was first identified in the ALFALFA survey as an "(Almost) Dark" object: a clearly extragalactic HI source with no obvious optical counterpart in existing optical survey data (although faint ultraviolet emission was detected in archival GALEX imaging). Using a combination of data from the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope and the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array, we investigate the HI morphology and kinematics at a variety of physical scales. The HI morphology is irregular, reaching only moderate maxima in mass surface density (peak $σ_{\rm HI}\sim 10$ $M_{\odot}$ pc$^{-2}$). Gas of lower surface brightness extends to large radial distances, with the HI diameter measured at 4.0$\pm$0.2 kpc inside the 1 $M_{\odot}$ pc$^{-2}$ level. We quantify the relationships between HI gas mass surface density and various types of star formation by considering GALEX far ultraviolet observations and H$α$ nondetections. We describe Coma P's complex HI kinematics using spatially resolved position-velocity analysis and three-dimensional modeling. Both methods of analysis suggest that Coma P's kinematics show signatures of either the collision of two HI disks or a significant infall event. Coma P is just consistent (within 3$σ$) with the known M$_{\rm HI}$ -- D$_{\rm HI}$ scaling relation. It is either too large for its HI mass, has too low an HI mass for its HI size, or the two HI components artificially extend its HI size. Coma P lies within the empirical scatter at the faint end of the baryonic Tully--Fisher relation, although the complexity of the HI dynamics complicates the interpretation. The collective HI characteristics of Coma P make it unusual among known galaxies in the nearby universe. [Abridged]
SPHEREx Re-Observation of Interstellar Object 3I/ATLAS in December 2025: Detection of Increased Post-Perihelion Activity, Refractory Coma Dust, and New Coma Gas Species
Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory(约翰斯·霍普金斯大学应用物理实验室);Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute(韩国天体宇宙科学研究所);Arizona State University(亚利桑那州立大学);California Institute of Technology(加州理工学院);Jet Propulsion Lab(喷气推进实验室);University of California Irvine(加州大学尔湾分校);Infrared Processing and Analysis Center, Caltech(加州理工学院红外处理与分析中心);Center for Astrophysics, Harvard & Smithsonian(哈佛-史密森尼天体物理中心)
Coma Physics of an Interstellar Object: JWST Spatial-Spectral Mapping of 3I/ATLAS
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center(美国宇航局戈达德太空飞行中心);American University(美利坚大学);The Catholic University of America(天主教大学);Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité(巴黎天文台、巴黎文理研究大学、法国国家科学研究中心、索邦大学、巴黎西岱大学);LIRA(实验室天体物理学与红外研究)
Post-perihelion Coma Composition of the Interstellar Comet 3I/ATLAS from Optical Spectroscopy
CAS Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院国家天文台光学天文重点实验室);Yunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)(中国科学院云南天文台);School of Astronomy and Space Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院大学天文学与空间科学学院);Instituto de Estudios Astrofísicos, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Diego Portales(迭戈帕托莱斯大学工程与科学学院天体物理研究所);Planetary Science Institute(行星科学研究所)
Pre-perihelion evolution of the NiI/FeI abundance ratio in the coma of the interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS. From extreme to normal
Université de Liège(列日大学);University of Edinburgh(爱丁堡大学);Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile(智利天主教 Pontificia 大学);University of Canterbury(坎特伯雷大学);University of Helsinki(赫尔辛基大学)
Perihelion observations of interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS with the IRAM 30-m telescope
LIRA, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris(巴黎天文台);IRAM(红外毫米波天文台);NASA Goddard Space Flight Center(美国宇航局戈达德太空飞行中心);Department of Physics, Catholic University of America(美利坚天主教大学物理系);Department of Physics, American University(美利坚大学物理系)
Origin and evolution of NiI and FeI in the coma of the interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS throughout its trajectory
Université de Liège(列日大学);University of Edinburgh(爱丁堡大学);Université Catholique de Louvain(天主教鲁汶大学);University of Canterbury(坎特伯雷大学);Auburn University(奥本大学);University of Helsinki(赫尔辛基大学);University of Padova(帕多瓦大学)
研究揭示了镍和铁在星际彗星3I/ATLAS彗核 coma 中的起源与演化,发现其金属产量显著高于太阳系彗星,并提出羰基假说解释其形成机制。
Interstellar Object 3I/ATLAS Observed from Mars by China's Tianwen-1 Spacecraft
National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院国家天文台);University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院大学);Sun Yat-sen University(中山大学)
Pre-perihelion Emergence of the CN Gas Coma in 3I/ATLAS Temporally and Spatially Resolved by the 7-Dimensional Telescope
Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawai‘i(夏威夷大学天体物理研究所);Astronomy Program, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University(首尔大学物理与天文学系天文项目);SNU Astronomy Research Center, Seoul National University(首尔大学天文研究中心);Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI)(韩国天体宇宙科学研究所)
Dust Activity Evolution and Constraints on Icy Grains in the Interstellar Comet 3I/ATLAS
State Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary Sciences, Macau University of Science and Technology(澳门科技大学月球与行星科学国家重点实验室);School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University(中山大学深圳校区航空航天学院);Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院上海天文台)
The Inbound Gas and Dust Evolution of Interstellar Comet 3I/ATLAS from Optical Spectroscopy and Multi-band Photometry
Universidad de Alicante(阿利坎特大学);Universitat de Barcelona (UB)(巴塞罗那大学);V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University(哈尔科夫国立大学);Université Côte d’Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange(蔚蓝海岸大学、蔚蓝海岸天文台);Astronomical Institute of the Slovak Academy of Sciences(斯洛伐克科学院天文研究所);Main Astronomical Observatory of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine(乌克兰国家科学院主天文台);Adam Mickiewicz University(亚当·密茨凯维奇大学);TU Braunschweig(布伦瑞克工业大学)
JWST/MIRI Finds ISM-like Amorphous Silicates in Interstellar Comet 3I/ATLAS
California Institute of Technology(加州理工学院);Space Telescope Science Institute(太空望远镜科学研究所);Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory(约翰斯·霍普金斯大学应用物理实验室);University of California San Diego(加利福尼亚大学圣地亚哥分校);Eureka Scientific(尤里卡科学公司);Jet Propulsion Laboratory(喷气推进实验室)
SPHEREx Pre-Perihelion Mapping of $\mathrm{H_2O}$, $\mathrm{CO_2}$, and $\mathrm{CO}$ in Interstellar Object 3I/ATLAS
Johns Hopkins University(约翰斯·霍普金斯大学);Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory(约翰斯·霍普金斯大学应用物理实验室);Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI)(韩国天文学与空间科学研究院);Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology(加州理工学院喷气推进实验室);Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology(加州理工学院物理系);School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University(亚利桑那州立大学地球与空间探索学院);Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California Irvine(加州大学欧文分校物理与天文系)
Multiband Color Monitoring of 3I/ATLAS through Ground-Based Relay Observations
SETI Institute(SETI研究所);Eureka Scientific(尤里卡科学);Griffith Observatory(格里菲斯天文台);SkyMapper Inc.(SkyMapper公司);FZU - Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences(捷克科学院物理研究所);American Association of Variable Star Observers (AAVSO)(美国变星观测者协会);National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics (NRIAG)(国家天文地球物理研究所);IAASARS, National Observatory of Athens(雅典国立天文台天体物理系统分析与遥感中心);Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology(加州理工学院地质与行星科学系);Schiaparelli Astronomical Observatory(斯基亚帕雷利天文台);School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota(明尼苏达大学物理与天文学院)
Gas-phase formation routes of dimethyl sulfide in the interstellar medium
Università degli Studi di Perugia(佩鲁贾大学);Master-Tec;Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Institut de Planétologie et d’Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG)(格勒诺布尔阿尔卑斯大学、法国国家科学研究中心、格勒诺布尔行星学与天体物理学研究所)