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arXiv 1602.00002astro-ph.GA
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邻近星系团中超弥散星系的丰度和空间分布

The abundance and spatial distribution of ultra-diffuse galaxies in nearby galaxy clusters

Remco F. J. van der Burg, Adam Muzzin, Henk Hoekstra

摘要:

最近的观测显示后发座星系团中存在大量微弱但大的星系(r_eff>1.5 kpc)。这些超弥散星系团(UDG)的起源仍然令人困惑,因为对观测结果的解释受到了主观选择UDG的阻碍,并且只对后发座(以及室女座-)星系团的一些例子进行了有限的研究。我们使用红移范围为0.044<z<0.063的8个星团,利用CFHT上MegaCam拍摄的深g和r波段成像数据扩展了对UDG的研究。我们描述了一个自动选择管道的定量识别,测试的完整性,使用这些星系的图像模拟。我们发现,我们可以检测到的UDG的丰度随着星系团质量的增加而增加,在M200~10^15 Msun的典型晕中达到~200。星团UDG的颜色与星团红色序列一致,并且具有陡峭的尺寸分布,其下降速率为n~r_eff^-3.4。其径向分布是显着陡峭的比NFW在郊区,是显着较浅的内部。它们的径向分布与星团中质量较大的静止星系相同,除了在核心区域r<0.15XR 200(或<300 kpc)。在该区域内,UDG的数密度下降并且与零一致。这些弥漫的星系只有在它们高度集中的暗物质占主导地位的情况下,才能抵抗到这个以星系团为中心的距离的潮汐力。观测发现,具有相似光度的更致密的矮星系(r_eff<1.0 kpc)的径向分布与UDG遵循相同的分布,但存在于距星团中心100 kpc的较小距离处,这表明它们可能具有与UDG相似的质量子晕。虽然有几种情况下可以引起UDG人口,我们的研究结果指出,在形成历史的差异作为最合理的解释。

英文摘要:

Recent observations have highlighted a significant population of faint but large (r_eff>1.5 kpc) galaxies in the Coma cluster. The origin of these Ultra Diffuse Galaxies (UDGs) remains puzzling, as the interpretation of the observational results has been hindered by the subjective selection of UDGs, and the limited study of only the Coma (and some examples in the Virgo-) cluster. We extend the study of UDGs using 8 clusters in the redshift range 0.044<z<0.063 with deep g- and r-band imaging data taken with MegaCam at the CFHT. We describe an automatic selection pipeline for quantitative identification, tested for completeness using image simulations of these galaxies. We find that the abundance of the UDGs we can detect increases with cluster mass, reaching ~200 in typical haloes of M200~10^15 Msun. The cluster UDGs have colours consistent with the cluster red sequence, and have a steep size distribution that declines as n~r_eff^-3.4. Their radial distribution is significantly steeper than NFW in the outskirts, and is significantly shallower in the inner parts. They follow the same radial distribution as the more massive quiescent galaxies in the clusters, except within the core region of r<0.15XR200 (or <300 kpc). Within this region the number density of UDGs drops and is consistent with zero. These diffuse galaxies can only resist tidal forces down to this cluster-centric distance if they are highly centrally dark-matter dominated. The observation that the radial distribution of more compact dwarf galaxies (r_eff<1.0 kpc) with similar luminosities follows the same distribution as the UDGs, but exist down to a smaller distance of 100kpc from the cluster centres, indicates that they may have similarly massive sub-haloes as the UDGs. Although several scenarios can give rise to the UDG population, our results point to differences in the formation history as the most plausible explanation.

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