This work generalizes the theory of arithmetic local constants, introduced by Mazur and Rubin, to better address abelian varieties with a larger endomorphism ring than $\mathbb{Z}$. We then study the growth of the $p^\infty$-Selmer rank of our abelian variety, and we address the problem of extending the results of Mazur and Rubin to dihedral towers $k\subset K\subset F$ in which $[F:K]$ is not a $p$-power extension.
Generalizing a method of Sutherland and the author for elliptic curves, we design a subexponential algorithm for computing the endomorphism rings of ordinary abelian varieties of dimension two over finite fields. Although its correctness and complexity analysis rest on several assumptions, we report on practical computations showing that it performs very well and can easily handle previously intractable cases.
The endomorphism ring End(A) of an abelian variety A is an order in a semi-simple algebra over Q. The co-index of End(A) is the index to a maximal order containing it. We show that for abelian varieties of fixed dimension over any algebraically closed field of characteristic p>0, the p-exponents of the co-indices of their endomorphism rings are bounded. We also give a few applications to this finiteness result.
Let $E$ be an elliptic curve, $\mathcal{K}_1$ its Kummer curve $E/\{\pm1\}$, $E^2$ its square product, and $\mathcal{K}_2$ the split Kummer surface $E^2/\{\pm1\}$. The addition law on $E^2$ gives a large endomorphism ring, which induce endomorphisms of $\mathcal{K}_2$. With a view to the practical applications to scalar multiplication on $\mathcal{K}_1$, we study the explicit arithmetic of $\mathcal{K}_2$.
We characterize the abelian varieties arising as absolutely simple factors of GL2-type varieties over a number field k. In order to obtain this result, we study a wider class of abelian varieties: the k-varieties A/k satisfying that $\End_k^0(A)$ is a maximal subfield of $\End_k^0(A)$. We call them Ribet-Pyle varieties over k. We see that every Ribet-Pyle variety over k is isogenous over $\bar k$ to a power of an abelian k-variety and, conversely, that every abelian k-variety occurs as the absolutely simple factor of some Ribet-Pyle variety over k. We deduce from this correspondence a precise …
In this paper we discuss multiplicative relations between eigenvalues of Frobenius endomorphism of abelian varieties of small dimension over finite fields.
We prove Kawaguchi-Silverman conjecture (KSC) and Shibata's conjecture on ample canonical heights for endomorphisms on several classes of algebraic varieties including varieties of Fano type and projective toric varieties. We also prove KSC for group endomorphisms of linear algebraic groups. We also propose a possible approach to the conjecture using equivariant MMP.
We prove Kawaguchi-Silverman conjecture for all surjective endomorphisms on every smooth rationally connected variety admitting an int-amplified endomorphism.
A polarizable endomorphism on a projective variety enables us to consider given morphism as constant multiplication in the height function. In this paper, we will generalize it for arbitrary dominant endomorphism by defining the height expansion and contraction coefficients.
We prove an analogue of the Tate conjecture on homomorphisms of abelian varieties over infinite cyclotomic extensions of finitely generated fields of characteristic zero.
For a prime $p$, let $E_{p,p^m}=\{\begin{pmatrix}a&b\\p^{m-1}c&d\end{pmatrix}|a,b,c\in\mathbb{Z}_{p},~\mathrm{and}~d\in \mathbb{Z}_{p^{m}}\}$. We first establish a ring isomorphism from $\mathrm{End}(\mathbb{Z}_p\times\mathbb{Z}_p^m)$ onto $E_{p,p^m}$. We then provide the way to compute $-d$ and $d^{-1}$ using arithmetic in $\mathbb{Z}_{p}$ and $\mathbb{Z}_{p^{m}}$, and characterize invertible elements in $E_{p,p^m}$. Moreover, we introduce the minimal polynomial for each element in $E_{p,p^m}$ and given its applications.
We investigate a relationship between nondegeneracy of a simple abelian variety $A$ over an algebraic closure of $\mb{Q}$ and of its reduction $A_0$. We prove that under some assumptions, nondegeneracy of $A$ implies nondegeneracy of $A_0$.
Suppose $X$ is a projective variety defined over a finite extension $K$ of $\mathbb{Q}_p$ and suppose $X$ admits a model $\mathcal{X}$ defined over the ring of integers $R$ of $K$. Let $f:{X}\rightarrow {X}$ be an endomorphism of $X$ defined over $K$ that can be extended to an endomorphism of $\mathcal{X}$ defined over $R$. We apply a method of Fakhruddin to prove an explicit upper bound for the primitive period of periodic points defined over $R$.
Let $A$ be an abelian variety defined over $\bar{\mathbb{Q}}$, and let $φ$ be a dominant endomorphism of $A$ as an algebraic variety. We prove that either there exists a non-constant rational fibration preserved by $φ$, or there exists a point $x\in A(\bar{\mathbb{Q}})$ whose $φ$-orbit is Zariski dense in $A$. This provides a positive answer for abelian varieties of a question raised by Medvedev and the second author ("nvariant varieties for polynomial dynamical systems", Ann. of Math. (2) 179 (2014), no. 1, 81-177). We prove also a stronger statement of this result in which $φ$ is replaced by…
Let $X$ be a polarized abelian variety over a field $K$. Let $O$ be a ring with an involution that acts on $X$ and this action is compatible with the polarization. We prove that the natural action of $O$ on $(X \times X^t)^4$ is compatible with a certain principal polarization.
We study the isogenies of certain abelian varieties over finite fields with non-commutative endomorphism algebras with a view to potential use in isogeny-based cryptography. In particular, we show that any two such abelian varieties with endomorphism rings maximal orders in the endomorphism algebra are linked by a cyclic isogeny of prime degree.
Consider an absolutely simple abelian variety X over a number field K. If the absolute endomorphism ring of X is commutative and satisfies certain parity conditions, then the reduction X_p is absolutely simple for almost all p. Conversely, if the absolute endomorphism ring of X is noncommutative, then X_p is reducible for p in a set of positive density.
For a dominant rational self-map on a smooth projective variety defined over a number field, Kawaguchi and Silverman conjectured that the (first) dynamical degree is equal to the arithmetic degree at a rational point whose forward orbit is well-defined and Zariski dense. We prove this conjecture for surjective endomorphisms on smooth projective surfaces. For surjective endomorphisms on any smooth projective varieties, we show the existence of rational points whose arithmetic degrees are equal to the dynamical degree. Moreover, we prove that there exists a Zariski dense set of rational points h…
We define an "ample canonical height" for an endomorphism on a projective variety, which is essentially a generalization of the canonical heights for polarized endomorphisms introduced by Call--Silverman. We formulate a dynamical analogue of the Northcott finiteness theorem for ample canonical heights as a conjecture, and prove it for endomorphisms on varieties of small Picard numbers, abelian varieties, and surfaces. As applications, for the endomorphisms which satisfy the conjecture, we show the non-density of the set of preperiodic points over a fixed number field, and obtain a dynamical Mo…
This is (mostly) a survey article. We use an information about Galois properties of points of small order on an abelian variety in order to describe its endomorphism algebra over an algebraic closure of the ground field. We discuss in detail applications to jacobians of cyclic covers of the projective line.
For a dominant rational self-map on a smooth projective variety defined over a number field, Shu Kawaguchi and Joseph H. Silverman conjectured that the dynamical degree is equal to the arithmetic degree at a rational point whose forward orbit is well-defined and Zariski dense. We give some examples of self-maps on product varieties and rational points on them for which the Kawaguchi-Silverman conjecture holds.
We apply the theory of Borcherds products to calculate arithmetic volumes (heights) of Shimura varieties of orthogonal type up to contributions from very bad primes. The approach is analogous to the well-known computation of their geometric volume by induction, using special cycles. A functorial theory of integral models of toroidal compactifications of those varieties and a theory of arithmetic Chern classes of integral automorphic vector bundles with singular metrics are used. We obtain some evidence in the direction of Kudla's conjectures on relations of heights of special cycles on these v…
The Kawaguchi-Silverman conjecture relates two different invariants of a surjective endomorphism, the dynamical and arithmetic degrees. As the Kawaguchi-Silverman conjecture is only meaningful when a morphism has a Zariski dense orbit, it has no content for varieties with positive Kodaira dimension. A generalization of the Kawaguchi-Silverman conjecture which is meaningful in positive Kodaira dimension is the so called sAND conjecture, which involves the set of "small" arithmetic degrees. Kawaguchi and Silverman showed that a small arithmetic degree is the modulus of an eigenvalue of $f^*\colo…
We consider the potential density of rational points on an algebraic variety defined over a number field $K$, i.e., the property that the set of rational points of $X$ becomes Zariski dense after a finite field extension of $K$. For a non-uniruled projective variety with an int-amplified endomorphism, we show that it always satisfies potential density. When a rationally connected variety admits an int-amplified endomorphism, we prove that there exists some rational curve with a Zariski dense forward orbit, assuming the Zariski dense orbit conjecture in lower dimensions. As an application, we p…
We study (weak) log abelian varieties with constant degeneration in the log flat topology. If the base is a log point, we further study the endomorphism algebras of log abelian varieties. In particular, we prove the dual short exact sequence for isogenies, Poincaré complete reducibility theorem for log abelian varieties, and the semi-simplicity of the endomorphism algebras of log abelian varieties.
In this note we show that any supersingular abelian variety is isogenous to a superspecial abelian variety without increasing field extensions. The proof uses minimal isogenies and the Galois descent. We then construct a superspecial abelian variety which not directly defined over a finite field. This answers negatively to a question of the author [J. Pure Appl. Alg., 2013] concerning of endomorphism algebras occurring in Shimura curves. Endomorphism algebras of supersingular elliptic curves over an arbitrary field are also investigated. We correct a main result of the author's paper [Math. Re…
This paper is devoted to abelian varieties arising from generalized Legendre curves. In particular, we consider their corresponding Galois representations, periods, and endomorphism algebras. For certain one parameter families of 2-dimensional abelian varieties of this kind, we determine when the endomorphism algebra of each fiber defined over the algebraic closure of $\Bbb Q$ contains a quaternion algebra.
We give a sharp divisibility bound, in terms of g, for the degree of the field extension required to realize the endomorphisms of an abelian variety of dimension g over an arbitrary number field; this refines a result of Silverberg. This follows from a stronger result giving the same bound for the order of the component group of the Sato-Tate group of the abelian variety, which had been proved for abelian surfaces by Fite-Kedlaya-Rotger-Sutherland. The proof uses Minkowski's reduction method, but with some care required in the extremal cases when p equals 2 or a Fermat prime.
The Mordell-Lang conjecture describes the intersection of a finitely generated subgroup with a closed subvariety of a semiabelian variety. Equivalently, this conjecture describes the intersection of closed subvarieties with the set of images of the origin under a finitely generated semigroup of translations. We study the analogous question in which the translations are replaced by algebraic group endomorphisms (and the origin is replaced by another point). We show that the conclusion of the Mordell-Lang conjecture remains true in this setting if either (1) the semiabelian variety is simple, (2…
We introduce a new canonical height function for Jordan blocks of small eigenvalues for endomorphisms on smooth projective varieties over a number field. We prove that under an assumption on the eigenvalues of the endomorphism on the group of divisors modulo numerical equivalence, the arithmetic degree at a rational point is equal to one if and only if it is preperiodic under the endomorphism.
In this paper we prove Hasse local-global principle for polynomials with coefficients in Mordell-Weil type groups over number fields like S-units, abelian varieties with trivial ring of endomorphisms and odd algebraic K-theory groups.
This survey describe Hodge, Tate and Mumford-Tate conjectures for abelian varieties. After some preliminaries on endomorphism ring, polarization and algebraic cycles, we state the three conjectures and provide a list of know results. Finally, we explain some links between these conjectures.
Let $E$ be an elliptic curve without CM that is defined over a number field $K$. For all but finitely many nonarchimedean places $v$ of $K$ there is the reduction $E(v)$ of $E$ at $v$ that is an elliptic curve over the residue field $k(v)$ at $v$. The set of $v$'s with ordinary $E(v)$ has density 1 (Serre). For such $v$ the endomorphism ring $End(E(v))$ of $E(v)$ is an order in an imaginary quadratic field. We prove that for any pair of relatively prime positive integers $N$ and $M$ there are infinitely many nonarchimedean places $v$ of $K$ such that the discriminant $Δ(v)$ of $End(E(v))$ is d…
Let $K$ be a number field. We present several new finiteness results for isomorphism classes of abelian varieties over $K$ whose $\ell$-power torsion fields are arithmetically constrained for some rational prime $\ell$. Such arithmetic constraints are related to an unresolved question of Ihara regarding the kernel of the canonical outer Galois representation on the pro-$\ell$ fundamental group of $P^1 - \{0,1,\infty\}$. Under GRH, we demonstrate the set of classes is finite for any fixed $K$ and any fixed dimension. Without GRH, we prove a semistable version of the result. In addition, several…
We discuss the notion of polarised isogenies of abelian varieties, that is, isogenies which are compatible with given principal polarisations. This is motivated by problems of unlikely intersections in Shimura varieties. Our aim is to show that certain questions about polarised isogenies can be reduced to questions about unpolarised isogenies or vice versa. Our main theorem concerns abelian varieties B which are isogenous to a fixed abelian variety A. It establishes the existence of a polarised isogeny A to B whose degree is polynomially bounded in n, if there exist both an unpolarised isogeny…
In the present paper we introduce the property AA of a subsemigroup of the endomorphism semigroup of an abelian variety, which holds for semigroup of endomorphisms of an abelian variety defined over a number field, and show that the orbit of any cycle under a semigroup with property AA in the Chow group $\otimes\Q$ has finite dimensional span.
In this paper, we prove effective upper bounds for effective sections of line bundles on projective varieties and hermitian line bundles on arithmetic varieties in terms of the volumes. They are effective versions of the Hilbert--Samuel formula and the arithmetic Hilbert--Samuel formula.
This paper investigates the fields of definition up to isogeny of the abelian varieties called building blocks. A result of Ribet characterizes the fields of definition of these varieties together with their endomorphisms, in terms of a Galois cohomology class canonically attached to them. However, when the building blocks have quaternionic multiplication, then the field of definition of the varieties can be strictly smaller than the field of definition of their endomorphisms. What we do is to give a characterization of the fields of definition of the varieties in this case (also in terms of t…
Given a surjective endomorphism $f: X \to X$ on a projective variety over a number field, one can define the arithmetic degree $α_f(x)$ of $f$ at a point $x$ in $X$. The Kawaguchi - Silverman Conjecture (KSC) predicts that any forward $f$-orbit of a point $x$ in $X$ at which the arithmetic degree $α_f(x)$ is strictly smaller than the first dynamical degree $δ_f$ of $f$ is not Zariski dense. We extend the KSC to sAND (= small Arithmetic Non-Density) Conjecture that the locus $Z_f(d)$ of all points of small arithmetic degree is not Zariski dense, and verify this sAND Conjecture for endomorphisms…
We describe recent work on the construction of well-behaved arithmetic models for large classes of Shimura varieties and report on progress in the study of these models.
We introduce a new arithmetic invariant for hermitian line bundles on an arithmetic variety. We use this invariant to measure the variation of the volume function with respect to the metric. The main result of this paper is a generalized Hodge index theorem on arithmetic toric varieties.
We prove a conjecture by Kawaguchi-Silverman on arithmetic and dynamical degrees, for self-morphisms of semi-abelian varieties. Moreover, we determine the set of the arithmetic degrees of orbits and the (first) dynamical degrees of self-morphisms of semi-abelian varieties.
This paper surveys some applications of moduli theory to issues concerning the distribution of rational points on algebraic varieties. It will appear on the proceedings of the Fano Conference.
Hasse-Weil zeta functions of SL_2-character varieties of arithmetic two bridge link groups are determined. Special values of the zeta functions at s=0,1,2 are also investigated.
We introduce the volume function for hermitian invertible sheaves on an arithmetic variety as an analogue of the geometric volume function. The main result of this paper is the continuity of the arithmetic volume function. As a consequence, we have the arithmetic Hilbert-Samuel formula for a nef hermitian invertible sheaf. We also give another several applications, for example, a generalized Hodge index theorem, an arithmetic Bogomolov-Gieseker's inequality, etc.
Let K be a number field and A an abelian variety over K. We are interested in the following conjecture of Morita: if the Mumford-Tate group of A does not contain unipotent Q-rational points then A has potentially good reduction at any discrete place of K. The Mumford-Tate group is an object of analytical nature whereas having good reduction is an arithmetical notion, linked to the ramification of Galois representations. This conjecture has been proved by Morita for particular abelian varieties with many endomorphisms (called of PEL type). Noot obtained results for abelian varieties without non…
We continue with our study of the arithmetic geometry of toric varieties. In this text, we study the positivity properties of metrized R-divisors in the toric setting. For a toric metrized R-divisor, we give formulae for its arithmetic volume and its chi-arithmetic volume, and we characterize when it is arithmetically ample, nef, big or pseudo-effective, in terms of combinatorial data. As an application, we prove a Dirichlet's unit theorem on toric varieties, we give a characterization for the existence of a Zariski decomposition of a toric metrized R-divisor, and we prove a toric arithmetic F…
