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arXiv 2101.04258math.CO
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缺交超图中的独立集

Independent sets in hypergraphs omitting an intersection

Tom Bohman, Xizhi Liu, Dhruv Mubayi

摘要:

一个顶点为$n$的$k$ -一致超图是一个$(n,k,\ell)$ -省略系统,如果它不包含两条边的交集恰好为$\ell$ .另外,如果它不包含两条相交尺寸大于$\ell$的边,则它是一个$(n,k,\ell)$ -系统。Rödl和Šitencies ajová证明了$(n,k,\ell)$ -系统的独立数的下界,对于固定的$2 \le \ell \le k-1$,该下界在数量级上是尖锐的。我们考虑同样的问题的更大类的$(n,k,\ell)$ -省略系统。对于$k\le 2\ell+1$,我们认为其行为类似于$(n,k,\ell)$ -系统的情形,并证明了第一个开情形$\ell=k-2$的非平凡下界.对于$k>2\ell+1$,我们给出了新的上下界,表明了$(n,k,\ell)$ -省略系统的最小独立数与$(n,k,\ell)$ -省略系统的最小独立数具有非常不同的行为.我们的$\ell=k-2$的下界使用随机贪婪独立集算法的一些适应,和我们的上界(构造)$k> 2\ell+1$从一些伪随机图。我们还证明了一些相关的结果,我们禁止两个以上的边缘与一个规定的共同相交的大小,这导致了一些应用拉姆齐理论。例如,我们得到了Ramsey数$r_{k}(F^{k},t)$的好的界,其中$F^{k}$是$k$ -均匀Fan.这里的行为是完全不同的情况下$k=2$减少到经典的图形拉姆齐数$r(3,t)$。

英文摘要:

A $k$-uniform hypergraph with $n$ vertices is an $(n,k,\ell)$-omitting system if it does not contain two edges whose intersection has size exactly $\ell$. If in addition it does not contain two edges whose intersection has size greater than $\ell$, then it is an $(n,k,\ell)$-system. Rödl and Šiňajová proved a lower bound for the independence number of $(n,k,\ell)$-systems that is sharp in order of magnitude for fixed $2 \le \ell \le k-1$. We consider the same question for the larger class of $(n,k,\ell)$-omitting systems. For $k\le 2\ell+1$, we believe that the behavior is similar to the case of $(n,k,\ell)$-systems and prove a nontrivial lower bound for the first open case $\ell=k-2$. For $k>2\ell+1$ we give new lower and upper bounds which show that the minimum independence number of $(n,k,\ell)$-omitting systems has a very different behavior than for $(n,k,\ell)$-systems. Our lower bound for $\ell=k-2$ uses some adaptations of the random greedy independent set algorithm, and our upper bounds (constructions) for $k> 2\ell+1$ are obtained from some pseudorandom graphs. We also prove some related results where we forbid more than two edges with a prescribed common intersection size and this leads to some applications in Ramsey theory. For example, we obtain good bounds for the Ramsey number $r_{k}(F^{k},t)$, where $F^{k}$ is the $k$-uniform Fan. Here the behavior is quite different than the case $k=2$ which reduces to the classical graph Ramsey number $r(3,t)$.

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