This paper is an edited and shortened version of Chapter 6 from the thesis of the author. First the one dimensional orthogonal derivative will be extended to the two-dimensional case. In the two-dimensional case we have to define the region of integration. In this paper we treat the integration over the square region and over the triangle region where in the last case we use biorthogonal polynomials expressed in terms of Appell functions. Next the two-dimensional orthogonal derivative will be extended to the two-dimensional fractional orthogonal derivative. The results are highly dependent on the $F_1$,\ $F_2$ and $F_3$ Appell functions.
We introduce a truncated $M$-fractional derivative type for $α$-differentiable functions that generalizes four other fractional derivatives types recently introduced by Khalil et al., Katugampola and Sousa et al., the so-called conformable fractional derivative, alternative fractional derivative, generalized alternative fractional derivative and $M$-fractional derivative, respectively. We denote this new differential operator by $_{i}\mathscr{D}_{M}^{α,β}$, where the parameter $α$, associated with the order of the derivative is such that $ 0 <α<1 $, $β>0$ and $ M $ is the notation to designate…
The paper discusses the characteristic properties of fractional derivatives of non-integer order. It is known that derivatives of integer orders are determined by properties of differentiable functions only in an infinitely small neighborhood of the considered point. Therefore differential equation, which is considered for this point and contains a finite number of integer-order derivatives, cannot describe nonlocality in space and time. This allows us to propose a principle of nonlocality for fractional derivatives. We state that if the differential equation with fractional derivative can be …
In this paper, we address the one-parameter families of the fractional integrals and derivatives defined on a finite interval. First we remind the reader of the known fact that under some reasonable conditions, there exists precisely one unique family of the fractional integrals, namely, the well-known Riemann-Liouville fractional integrals. As to the fractional derivatives, their natural definition follows from the fundamental theorem of the Fractional Calculus, i.e., they are introduced as the left-inverse operators to the Riemann-Liouville fractional integrals. Until now, three families of …
A new derivative, called deformable derivative, is introduced here which is equivalent to ordinary derivative in the sense that one implies other. The deformable derivative is defined using limit approach like that of ordinary one but with respect to a parameter varying over unit interval. Thus it could also be regarded as a fractional derivative. Reason of calling it as deformable derivative is because of its intrinsic property of continuously deforming function to derivative. This is substantiated by its linear connection to function and its derivative. Besides discussing some of its basic p…
In this paper we define the regularized version of k-Prabhakar fractional derivative, k-Hilfer-Prabhakar fractional derivative, regularized version of k-Hilfer-Prabhakar fractional derivative and find their Laplace and Sumudu transforms. Using these results, the relation between k-Prabhakar fractional derivative and its regularized ver- sion involving k-Mittag-Leffler function is obtained. Similarly the relation between k-Hilfer-Prabhakar fractional derivative and its regularized version is also obtained. Further, we find the solutions of some problems in physics in which k-Hilfer-Prabhakar fr…
In this paper we introduce a new fractional derivative with respect to another function the so-called $ψ$-Hilfer fractional derivative. We discuss some properties and important results of the fractional calculus. In this sense, we present some uniformly convergent sequence of function results and examples involving the Mittag-Leffler function with one parameter. Finally, we present a wide class of integrals and fractional derivatives, by means of the fractional integral with respect to another function and the $ψ$-Hilfer fractional derivative.
We introduce a new derivative, the so-called truncated $\mathcal{V}$-fractional derivative for $α$-differentiable functions through the six parameters truncated Mittag-Leffler function, which generalizes different fractional derivatives, recently introduced: conformable fractional derivatives, alternative fractional derivative, truncated alternative fractional derivative, $M$-fractional derivative and truncated $M$-fractional derivative. This new truncated $\mathcal{V}$-fractional derivative satisfies properties of the entire order calculus, among them: linearity, product rule, quotient rule, …
This paper is devoted to the study of quasi-periodic properties of fractional order integrals and derivatives of periodic functions. Considering Riemann-Liouville and Caputo definitions, we discuss when the fractional derivative and when the fractional integral of a certain class of periodic functions satisfies particular properties. We study concepts close to the well known idea of periodic function, such as S-asymptotically periodic, asymptotically periodic or almost periodic function. Boundedness of fractional derivative and fractional integral of a periodic function is also studied.
In this paper, we introduce two new non-singular kernel fractional derivatives and present a class of other fractional derivatives derived from the new formulations. We present some important results of uniformly convergent sequences of continuous functions, in particular the Comparison's principle, and others that allow, the study of the limitation of fractional nonlinear differential equations.
Fractional $q$-extensions of some classical $q$-orthogonal polynomials are introduced and some of the main properties of the new defined functions are given. Next, a fractional $q$-difference equation of Gauss type is introduced and solved by means of power series method.
In this paper, we investigate the existence and uniqueness of solutions for a fractional boundary value problem supplemented with nonlocal Riemann-Liouville fractional integral and Caputo fractional derivative boundary conditions. Our results are based on some known tools of fixed point theory. Finally, some illustrative examples are included to verify the validity of our results.
This paper deals with the local existence and uniqueness results for the solution of fractional differential equations with Hilfer-Hadamrd fractional derivative. Using Picard's approximations and generalizing the restrictive conditions imposed on nonlinear function, the iterative scheme for uniformly approximating the solution is constructed.
Using the six parameters truncated Mittag-Leffler function, we introduce a convenient truncated function to define the so-called truncated $\mathcal{V}$-fractional derivative type. After a discussion involving some properties associated with this derivative, we propose the derivative of a vector valued function and define the $\mathcal{V}$-fractional Jacobian matrix whose properties allow us to say that: the multivariable truncated $\mathcal{V}$-fractional derivative type, as proposed here, generalizes the truncated $\mathcal{V}$-fractional derivative type and can bee extended to obtain a trun…
In this paper the Sumudu transforms of Hilfer-Prabhakar fractional derivative and regularized version of Hilfer-Prabhakar fractional derivative are obtained. These results are used to obtain relation between them involving Mittag- Leffler function. Also these results are applied to solve some problems in physics. Here the solutions of problems involving Hilfer-Prabhakar fractional derivative and regularized version of Hilfer-Prabhakar fractional derivative are obtained by using Fourier and Sumudu transform techniques.
In this paper, we present the Leibniz rule for the $Ψ-$Hilfer ($Ψ-$H) fractional derivative in two versions, the first in relation to $Ψ-$RL fractional derivative and the second in relation to the $Ψ-$H fractional derivative. In this sense, we present some particular cases of Leibniz rules and Leibniz type rules from the investigated case.
In present paper, Hartman-Wintner-type inequality is established for a nonlocal fractional boundary value problem involving k-Prabhakar fractional derivative.
In this paper, we first provide a short summary of the main properties of the so-called general fractional derivatives with the Sonin kernels introduced so far. These are integro-differential operators defined as compositions of the first order derivative and an integral operator of convolution type. Depending on succession of these operators, the general fractional derivatives of the Riemann-Liouville and of the Caputo types were defined and studied. The main objective of this paper is a construction of the 1st level general fractional derivatives that comprise both the general fractional der…
In the article we propose and study a method to solve ordinary differential equations with left-sided fractional Bessel derivatives on semi-axes of Gerasimov-Caputo type. We derive explicit solutions to equations with fractional powers of Bessel operator using the Meijer integral transform.
We establish a new formula for the fractional derivative with Mittag-Leffler kernel, in the form of a series of Riemann-Liouville fractional integrals, which brings out more clearly the non-locality of fractional derivatives and is easier to handle for certain computational purposes. We also prove existence and uniqueness results for certain families of linear and nonlinear fractional ODEs defined using this fractional derivative. We consider the possibility of a semigroup property for these derivatives, and establish extensions of the product rule and chain rule, with an application to fracti…
In this paper, we show some results about the existence and the uniqueness of the positive solution for a $p$-Laplacian fractional differential equations with fractional derivative boundary condition. Our results are based on Krasnosel'skii's fixed point theorem, the nonlinear alternative of Leray-Schauder type and contraction mapping principle. Three examples are given to illustrate the applicability of our main results.
We derive Taylor's Formula for conformable fractional derivatives. This is then employed to extend some recent and classical integral inequalities to the conformable fractional calculus, including the inequalities of Steffensen, Chebychev, Hermite-Hadamard, Ostrowski, and Gruss.
In this paper, we first deduce the explicit formulas for the projector of the $n$th level fractional derivative and for its Laplace transform. Then the fractional relaxation equation with the $n$th level fractional derivative is discussed. It turns out that under some conditions, the solutions to the initial-value problems for this equation are completely monotone functions that can be represented in form of the linear combinations of the Mittag-Leffler functions with some power law weights. Special attention is given to the case of the relaxation equation with the 2nd level derivative.
In this paper, we consider a nonlocal fractional boundary value problem with Prabhakar derivative and obtained a Hartman-Wintner type inequality for it.
In this paper we prove that the fractional derivative or the fractional primitive of a $T$-periodic function cannot be a $\tilde{T}$-periodic function, for any period $\tilde{T}$, with the exception of the zero function.
In this manuscript we define the right fractional derivative and its corresponding right fractional integral for the recently introduced nonlocal fractional derivative with Mittag-Leffler kernel. Then, we obtain the related integration by parts formula. We use the $Q-$operator to confirm our results. The corresponding Euler-Lagrange equations are obtained and one illustrative example is discussed.
Let $α\in\,]0,1[$. We prove that the existence of the conformable fractional derivative $T_αf$ of a function $f:[0,\infty[\,\longrightarrow \mathbb{R}$ introduced by Khalil et al. in [R. Khalil, M. Al Horani, A. Yousef, M. Sababheh, A new definition of fractional derivative, J. Comput. Appl. Math. 264 (2014) 65-70] is equivalent to classical differentiability. Precisely the fractional $α$-derivative of $f$ is the pointwise product $T_αf(x)=x^{1-α}f^{\prime}(x)$, $x>0$. This simplifies the recent results concerning conformable fractional calculus.
In this paper we present a new type of fractional operator, the Caputo-Katugampola derivative. The Caputo and the Caputo-Hadamard fractional derivatives are special cases of this new operator. An existence and uniqueness theorem for a fractional Cauchy type problem, with dependence on the Caputo--Katugampola derivative, is proven. A decomposition formula for the Caputo-Katugampola derivative is obtained. This formula allows us to provide a simple numerical procedure to solve the fractional differential equation.
In this paper, we first deal with the general fractional derivatives of arbitrary order defined in the Riemann-Liouville sense. In particular, we deduce an explicit form of their null space and prove the second fundamental theorem of Fractional Calculus that leads to a closed form formula for their projector operator. These results allow us to formulate the natural initial conditions for the fractional differential equations with the general fractional derivatives of arbitrary order in the Riemann-Liouville sense. In the second part of the paper, we develop an operational calculus of the Mikus…
In this paper we consider a Caputo type fractional derivative with respect to another function. Some properties, like the semigroup law, a relationship between the fractional derivative and the fractional integral, Taylor's Theorem, Fermat's Theorem, etc, are studied. Also, a numerical method to deal with such operators, consisting in approximating the fractional derivative by a sum that depends on the first-order derivative, is presented. Relying on examples, we show the efficiency and applicability of the method. Finally, an application of the fractional derivative, by considering a Populati…
The aim of this paper is to apply generalized operators of fractional integration and differentiation involving Appell's function $F_{3}(:)$ due to Marichev-Saigo-Maeda (MSM), to the Jacobi type orthogonal polynomials. The results are expressed in terms of generalized hypergeometric function. Some of the interesting special cases of the main results also established.
In this paper, we obtain new estimates on generalization of Hermite-Hadamard, Simpson and Ostrowski type inequalities for functions whose second derivatives is $φ$-convex via fractional integrals.
In this paper, we propose a new concept of derivative with respect to an arbitrary kernel-function. Several properties related to this new operator, like inversion rules, integration by parts, etc. are studied. In particular, we introduce the notion of conjugate kernels, which will be useful to guaranty that the proposed derivative operator admits a right inverse. The proposed concept includes as special cases Riemann-Liouville fractional derivatives, Hadamard fractional derivatives, and many other fractional operators. Moreover, using our concept, new fractional operators involving certain sp…
The existence and stability results for a class of fractional differential equations involving generalized Katugampola derivative are presented herein. Some fixed point theorems are used and enlightening examples of obtained result are also given.
The orthogonal derivative is defined as a limit of an integral whose kernel contains an orthogonal polynomial with its measure. When in practice no limit is taken, it means that the accuracy of the derivative depends on the second derivative of the given function. Liptaj shows that it is possible to define a kernel in such a way that the accuracy depends on a higher derivative at your own choice. The accuracy is therefore much greater than with the orthogonal derivative. However Diekema and Koornwinder find a similar extension starting directly from of the orthogonal derivative. The new kernel…
Based on the fractional $q$-integral with the parametric lower limit of integration, we define fractional $q$-derivative of Riemann-Liouville and Caputo type. The properties are studied separately as well as relations between them. Also, we discuss properties of compositions of these operators.
We demonstrate that a violation of the Leibniz rule is a characteristic property of derivatives of non-integer orders. We prove that all fractional derivatives D^a, which satisfy the Leibniz rule D^(fg)=(D^a f) g + f (D^a g), should have the integer order a=1, i.e. fractional derivatives of non-integer orders cannot satisfy the Leibniz rule.
In this paper we study the regularity properties of fractional maximal operators acting on $BV$-functions. We establish new bounds for the derivative of the fractional maximal function, both in the continuous and in the discrete settings.
The main aim of this present paper is to present a new extension of the fractional derivative operator by using the extension of Beta function recently defined by Shadab et al.[19]. Moreover, we establish some results related to the newly defined modified fractional derivative operator such as Mellin transform and relations to extended hypergeometric and Appell's function via generating functions.
In this paper, we address the general fractional integrals and derivatives with the Sonine kernels on the spaces of functions with an integrable singularity at the point zero. First, the Sonine kernels and their important special classes and particular cases are discussed. In particular, we introduce a class of the Sonine kernels that possess an integrable singularity of power function type at the point zero. For the general fractional integrals and derivatives with the Sonine kernels from this class, two fundamental theorems of fractional calculus are proved. Then, we construct the $n$-fold g…
In this paper, we introduce the general fractional integrals and derivatives of arbitrary order and study some of their basic properties and particular cases. First, a suitable generalization of the Sonine condition is presented and some important classes of the kernels that satisfy this condition are introduced. Whereas the kernels of the general fractional derivatives with these kernels possess the integrable singularities at the point zero, the kernels of the general fractional integrals can be - depending on their order - both singular and continuous at the origin. For the general fraction…
Starting from the Riemann-Liouville derivative, many authors have built their own notion of fractional derivative in order to avoid some classical difficulties like a non zero derivative for a constant function or a rather complicated analogue of the Leibniz relation. Discussing in full generality the existence of such operator over continuous functions, we derive some obstruction Lemma which can be used to prove the triviality of some operators as long as the linearity and the Leibniz property are preserved. As an application, we discuss some properties of the Jumarie's fractional derivative …
In 1993, Samko and Ross introduced the study of fractional integration and differentiation when the order is not a constant but a function. This suggestion gave rise to a number of further ideas and results. In particular, this implies a possibility of integration with respect to derivative's order. Here an identity is presented, in which an expression involving Riemann--Liouville fractional derivative is integrated with respect to the derivative's order.
In this paper we study linear and nonlinear fractional differential equations involving the Caputo fractional derivative with Mittag-Leffler non-singular kernel of order $0<α<1.$ We first obtain a new estimate of the fractional derivative of a function at its extreme points and derive a necessary condition for the existence of a solution to the linear fractional equation. The obtained sufficient condition determine the initial condition of the associated fractional initial value problem. We then derive comparison principles to the linear fractional equations. We apply these principles to obtai…
The main objective of this article is to present $ν$-fractional derivative $μ$-differentiable functions by considering 4-parameters extended Mittag-Leffler function (MLF). We investigate that the new $ν$-fractional derivative satisfies various properties of order calculus such as chain rule, product rule, Rolle's and mean-value theorems for $μ$-differentiable function and its extension. Moreover, we define the generalized form of inverse property and the fundamental theorem of calculus and the mean-value theorem for integrals. Also, we establish a relationship with fractional integral through …
Solution of fractional differential equations is an emerging area of present day research because such equations arise in various applied fields. In this paper we have developed analytical method to solve the system of fractional differential equations in-terms of Mittag-Leffler function and generalized Sine and Cosine functions, where the fractional derivative operator is of Jumarie type. The use of Jumarie type fractional derivative, which is modified Rieman-Liouvellie fractional derivative, eases the solution to such fractional order systems. The use of this type of Jumarie fractional deriv…
In this short note we present a new general definition of local fractional derivative, that depends on an unknown kernel. For some appropriate choices of the kernel we obtain some known cases. We establish a relation between this new concept and ordinary differentiation. Using such formula, most of the fundamental properties of the fractional derivative can be derived directly.
We continue the development of the basic theory of generalized derivatives as introduced in \cite{JPA} and give some of their applications. In particular, we formulate versions of a weak maximum principle, Rolle's theorem, the Mean value theorem, the Fundamental theorem of Calculus, Integration by parts, along with an existence and uniqueness theorem for a generalized Riccati equation, each of which includes, as corollaries, the corresponding version for conformable fractional derivatives considered by \cite{kat}, \cite{kha} among many others. Finally, we show that for each $α> 1$ there is a f…
In this paper we prove that local fractional derivatives of differentiable functions are integer-order derivative or zero operator. We demonstrate that the local fractional derivatives are limits of the left-sided Caputo fractional derivatives. The Caputo derivative of fractional order alpha of function f(x) is defined as a fractional integration of order (n-alpha) of the derivative f^(n)(x) of integer order n. The requirement of the existence of integer-order derivatives allows us to conclude that the local fractional derivative cannot be considered as the best method to describe nowhere diff…
A new definition of a fractional derivative has recently been developed, making use of a fractional Dirac delta function as its integral kernel. This derivative allows for the definition of a distributional fractional derivative, and as such paves a way for application to many other areas of analysis involving distributions. This includes (but is not limited to): the fractional Fourier series (i.e. an orthonormal basis for fractional derivatives), the fractional derivative of Fourier transforms, and fundamental solutions to differential equations such as the wave equation. This paper observes …
In this paper we introduce Lipschitz spaces with respect to the Gaussian measure, and study the boundedness of the fractional integral and fractional derivative operators on them.The methods are general enough to provide alternative proofs of the ones given in the classical case and moreover can be extended to the case of Laguerre and Jacobi expansions too
In this paper, we focus on the existence and uniqueness of solutions of boundary value problems for a coupled system of fractional differential equations with four-point boundary conditions involving $ψ$-Caputo fractional derivatives. Our investigation is based on Leray-Schauder alternative and Banach's fixed point theorem. Two examples are presented to illustrate the applicability of the results developed.
We prove duality between the left and right fractional derivatives, independently on the type of fractional operator. Main result asserts that the right derivative of a function is the dual of the left derivative of the dual function or, equivalently, the left derivative of a function is the dual of the right derivative of the dual function. Such duality between left and right fractional operators is useful to obtain results for the left operators from analogous results on the right operators and vice versa. We illustrate the usefulness of our duality theory by proving a fractional integration…
We consider some possible approaches to the fractional-order generalization of definition of variation (functional) derivative. Some problems of formulation of a fractional-order variational derivative are discussed. To give a consistent definition of the fractional-order variations, we use a fractional generalization of Gateaux differential.
The Riemann-Liouville fractional integrals and derivatives are generalized for cases when fractional exponent $d$ are functions of space and times coordinates (i.e. $d=d({\bf r}(t),t)$).
This paper presents a self-contained new theory of weak fractional differential calculus and fractional Sobolev spaces in one-dimension. The crux of this new theory is the introduction of a weak fractional derivative notion which is a natural generalization of integer order weak derivatives; it also helps to unify multiple existing fractional derivative definitions and characterize what functions are fractionally differentiable. Various calculus rules including a fundamental theorem of calculus, product and chain rules, and integration by parts formulas are established for weak fractional deri…
We propose a new fractional derivative, the Hilfer-Katugampola fractional derivative. Motivated by the Hilfer derivative this formulation interpolates the well-known fractional derivatives of Hilfer, Hilfer-Hadamard, Riemann-Liouville, Hadamard, Caputo, Caputo-Hadamard, Liouville, Weyl, generalized and Caputo-type. As an application, we consider a nonlinear fractional differential equation with an initial condition using this new formulation. We show that this equation is equivalent to a Volterra integral equation and demonstrate the existence and uniqueness of solution to the nonlinear initia…
The author \mbox{(Appl. Math. Comput. 218(3):860-865, 2011)} introduced a new fractional integral operator given by, \[ \big({}^ρ\mathcal{I}^α_{a+}f\big)(x) = \frac{ρ^{1- α}}{Γ(α)} \int^x_a \frac{τ^{ρ-1} f(τ) }{(x^ρ- τ^ρ)^{1-α}}\, dτ, \] which generalizes the well-known Riemann-Liouville and the Hadamard fractional integrals. In this paper we present a new fractional derivative which generalizes the familiar Riemann-Liouville and the Hadamard fractional derivatives to a single form. We also obtain two representations of the generalized derivative in question. An example is given to illustrate …
