We study the stated skein modules of marked 3-manifolds. We generalize the splitting homomorphism for stated skein algebras of surfaces to a splitting homomorphism for stated skein modules of 3-manifolds. We show that there exists a Chebyshev-Frobenius homomorphism for the stated skein modules of 3-manifolds which extends the Chebyshev homomorphism of the skein algebras of unmarked surfaces originally constructed by Bonahon and Wong. Additionally, we show that the Chebyshev-Frobenius map commutes with the splitting homomorphism. This is then used to show that in the case of the stated skein algebra of a surface, the Chebyshev-Frobenius map is the unique extension of the dual Frobenius map (in the sense of Lusztig) of $\mathcal{O}_{q^2}(SL(2))$ through the triangular decomposition afforded by an ideal triangulation of the surface. In particular, this gives a skein theoretic construction of the Hopf dual of Lusztig's Frobenius homomorphism. A second conceptual framework is given, which shows that the Chebyshev-Frobenius homomorphism for the stated skein algebra of a surface is the unique restriction of the Frobenius homomorphism of quantum tori through the quantum trace map.
In this paper we study the skein algebras of marked surfaces and the skein modules of marked 3-manifolds. Muller showed that skein algebras of totally marked surfaces may be embedded in easy to study algebras known as quantum tori. We first extend Muller's result to permit marked surfaces with unmarked boundary components. The addition of unmarked components allows us to develop a surgery theory which enables us to extend the Chebyshev homomorphism of Bonahon and Wong between skein algebras of unmarked surfaces to a "Chebyshev-Frobenius homomorphism" between skein modules of marked 3-manifolds…
We give an $SL_3$ analogue of the triangular decomposition of the Kauffman bracket stated skein algebras described by Le. To any punctured bordered surface, we associate an $SL_3$ stated skein algebra which contains the $SL_3$ skein algebra of closed webs. These algebras admit natural algebra morphisms associated to the splitting of surfaces along ideal arcs. We give an explicit basis for the $SL_3$ stated skein algebra and show that the splitting morphisms are injective and describe their images. By splitting a surface along the edges of an ideal triangulation, we see that the $SL_3$ stated s…
We give an explicit correspondence between stated skein algebras, which are defined via explicit relations on stated tangles in [Costantino F., Lê T.T.Q., arXiv:1907.11400], and internal skein algebras, which are defined as internal endomorphism algebras in free cocompletions of skein categories in [Ben-Zvi D., Brochier A., Jordan D., J. Topol. 11 (2018), 874-917, arXiv:1501.04652] or in [Gunningham S., Jordan D., Safronov P., arXiv:1908.05233]. Stated skein algebras are defined on surfaces with multiple boundary edges and we generalise internal skein algebras in this context. Now, one needs t…
We give a survey of some old and new results about the stated skein modules/algebras of 3-manifolds/surfaces. For generic quantum parameter, we discuss the splitting homomorphism for the 3-manifold case, general structures of the stated skein algebras of marked surfaces (or bordered punctured surfaces) and their embeddings into quantum tori. For roots of 1 quantum parameter, we discuss the Frobenius homomorphism (for both marked 3-manifolds and marked surfaces), describe the center of the skein algebra of marked surfaces, the dimension of the skein algebra over the center, and the representati…
We obtain a family of skein identities in the Kauffman bracket skein module which relate Frobenius elements to Jones-Wenzl projectors at roots of unity. We view these skein identities as certain incarnations of Steinberg tensor product formulae from the theory of tilting modules of the quantum group $U_q(sl_2)$. We show that the simplest skein identities yield a short new proof of the existence of the Chebyshev-Frobenius homomorphism of Bonahon-Wong.
We study the algebraic and geometric properties of stated skein algebras of surfaces with punctured boundary. We prove that the skein algebra of the bigon is isomorphic to the quantum group ${\mathcal O}_{q^2}(\mathrm{SL}(2))$ providing a topological interpretation for its structure morphisms. We also show that its stated skein algebra lifts in a suitable sense the Reshetikhin-Turaev functor and in particular we recover the dual $R$-matrix for ${\mathcal O}_{q^2}(\mathrm{SL}(2))$ in a topological way. We deduce that the skein algebra of a surface with $n$ boundary components is an algebra-como…
We show that the if a sequence of normalized polynomials gives rise to a positive basis of the skein algebra of a surface, then it is sandwiched between the two types of Chebyshev polynomials. For the closed torus, we show that the normalized sequence of Chebyshev polynomials of type one $(\hat{T}_n)$ is the only one which gives a positive basis.
The stated skein algebra of a punctured bordered surface (or equivalently, a marked surface) is a generalization of the well-known Kauffman bracket skein algebra of unmarked surfaces and can be considered as an extension of the quantum special linear group $\mathcal{O}_{q^2}(SL_2)$ from a bigon to general surfaces. We show that the stated skein algebra of a punctured bordered surface with non-empty boundary can be embedded into quantum tori in two different ways. The first embedding can be considered as a quantization of the map expressing the trace of a closed curve in terms of the shear coor…
We investigate aspects of Kauffman bracket skein algebras of surfaces and modules of 3-manifolds using quantum torus methods. These methods come in two flavors: embedding the skein algebra into a quantum torus related to quantum Teichmuller space, or filtering the algebra and obtaining an associated graded algebra that is a monomial subalgebra of a quantum torus. We utilize the former method to generalize the Chebyshev homomorphism of Bonahon and Wong between skein algebras of surfaces to a Chebyshev-Frobenius homomorphism between skein modules of marked 3-manifolds, in the course of which we …
We reprove and expand results of Bonahon and Wong on central elements of the Kauffman bracket skein modules at root of 1 and on the existence of the Chebyshev homomorphism, using elementary skein methods.
This paper is based on my talks (`Skein modules with a cubic skein relation: properties and speculations' and `Symplectic structure on colorings, Lagrangian tangles and its applications') given in Kyoto (RIMS), September 11 and September 18 respectively, 2001. The first three sections closely follow the talks: starting from elementary moves on links and ending on applications to unknotting number motivated by a skein module deformation of a 3-move. The theory of skein modules is outlined in the problem section of these proceedings. In the first section we make the point that despite its long h…
University of California, Los Angeles（加州大学洛杉矶分校）；University of California, Irvine（加州大学尔湾分校）；University of California, Santa Barbara（加州大学圣塔芭芭拉分校）；University of California, San Diego（加州大学圣地亚哥分校）；University of Oxford（牛津大学）；University of Chicago（芝加哥大学）
The author defined for each (commutative) Frobenius algebra a skein module of surfaces in a $3$-manifold $M$ bounding a closed $1$-manifold $α\subset \partial M$. The surface components are colored by elements of the Frobenius algebra. The modules are called the Bar-Natan modules of $(M,α)$. In this article we show that Bar-Natan modules are colimit modules of functors associated to Frobenius algebras, decoupling topology from algebra. The functors are defined on a category of $3$-dimensional compression bordisms embedded in cylinders over $M$ and take values in a linear category defined from …
