arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2008.13653astro-ph.SRastro-ph.EPastro-ph.GA
收藏

模拟大质量恒星形成中的盘碎裂和多重性

Modeling disk fragmentation and multiplicity in massive star formation

G. André Oliva, Rolf Kuiper

摘要:

研究了大质量原恒星周围吸积盘的形成、早期演化和碎裂过程。我们使用基于网格的自重力辐射流体动力学代码,包括恒星和尘埃演化的子网格模块。我们故意不使用下沉粒子来考虑碎片形成和破坏的所有路径,而是保持足够高的空间网格分辨率,以正确解决问题的物理长度尺度。我们使用球坐标中的3D网格,在径向方向上具有对数缩放,在极方向上具有余弦缩放。因此,网格单元总数的大约25%,对应于$\sim$ 2600万个网格单元,用于模拟磁盘物理。它们构成了迄今为止对形成中的大质量恒星周围的磁盘碎片进行的最高分辨率模拟,其中考虑了这里的物理学。我们通过对5种不同分辨率进行相同的模拟来研究结果的收敛性。我们从一个分子云的坍缩开始;一个大质量的(原)恒星在它的中心形成,周围是一个带有螺旋臂的破碎的开普勒样吸积盘。这些碎片的质量为$\sim 1 M_\odot$,它们与盘、旋臂和其他碎片的持续相互作用导致了偏心轨道。碎片形成流体静力学核心,由次级盘与螺旋臂包围,也产生新的碎片。我们确定了几种机制的碎片形成,相互作用和破坏。碎片的中心温度可以达到氢的离解极限,形成第二个拉森核,并演化成伴星。在此基础上,我们研究的多重性预测的模拟和发现$\sim 6$同伴在不同的距离从主要的:从可能的光谱倍数,同伴在1000和2000 AU之间的距离。

英文摘要:

We investigate the formation and early evolution and fragmentation of an accretion disk around a forming massive protostar. We use a grid-based self-gravity-radiation-hydrodynamics code including a sub-grid module for stellar and dust evolution. On purpose, we do not use sink particles to allow for all paths of fragment formation and destruction, but instead keeping the spatial grid resolution high enough to properly resolve the physical length scales of the problem. We use a 3D grid in spherical coordinates with a logarithmic scaling in the radial direction and cosine scaling in the polar direction. Because of that, roughly 25% of the total number of grid cells, corresponding to $\sim$ 26 million grid cells, are used to model the disk physics. They constitute the highest resolution simulations performed up to now on disk fragmentation around a forming massive star with the physics considered here. We study the convergence of our results by performing the same simulation for 5 different resolutions. We start from the collapse of a molecular cloud; a massive (proto)star is formed in its center, surrounded by a fragmenting Keplerian-like accretion disk with spiral arms. The fragments have masses of $\sim 1 M_\odot$, and their continuous interactions with the disk, spiral arms and other fragments results in eccentric orbits. Fragments form hydrostatic cores, surrounded by secondary disks with spiral arms that also produce new fragments. We identified several mechanisms of fragment formation, interaction and destruction. Central temperatures of the fragments can reach the hydrogen dissociation limit, form second Larson cores and evolve into companion stars. Based on this, we study the multiplicity predicted by the simulations and find $\sim 6$ companions at different distances from the primary: from possible spectroscopic multiples, to companions at distances between 1000 and 2000 au.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑