Independent relative units of low height

A Banach space determined by the Weil height

The absolute logarithmic Weil height is well defined on the group of units of the algebraic closure of the rational numbers, modulo roots of unity, and induces a metric topology on this group. We show that the completion of this metric space is a Banach space over the field of real numbers. We further show that this Banach space is isometrically isomorphic to a co-dimension one subspace of L1 of a certain totally disconnected, locally compact space, equipped with a certain measure satisfying an invariance property with respect to the absolute Galois group.

On the frequency of height values

We count algebraic numbers of fixed degree $d$ and fixed (absolute multiplicative Weil) height $\mathcal{H}$ with precisely $k$ conjugates that lie inside the open unit disk. We also count the number of values up to $\mathcal{H}$ that the height assumes on algebraic numbers of degree $d$ with precisely $k$ conjugates that lie inside the open unit disk. For both counts, we do not obtain an asymptotic, but only a rough order of growth, which arises from an asymptotic for the logarithm of the counting function; for the first count, even this rough order of growth exists only if $k \in \{0,d\}$ or…

Northcott numbers for the weighted Weil heights

We answer the question of Vidaux and Videla about the distribution of the Northcott numbers for the Weil height. We solve the same problem for the weighted Weil heights. These heights generalize both the absolute and relative Weil height. Our results also refine those of Pazuki, Technau, and Widmer.

An effective lower bound for the height of algebraic numbers

We prove that if $α$ is a non-zero algebraic number of degree $d \geq 2$ which is not a root of unity, then $dh(α)>(1/4) (\log(\log (d))/\log(d))^3.

分圆域中有界高度代数整数的计数

Counting Algebraic Integers of Bounded Height in Cyclotomic Fields

本文针对素数幂阶分圆域，给出绝对高度不超过B的代数整数和单位个数的渐近上界。

Heights and arithmetic dynamics over finitely generated fields

We develop a theory of vector-valued heights and intersections defined relative to finitely generated extensions K/k. These generalize both number field and geometric heights. When k is Q or F_p, or when a non-isotriviality condition holds, we obtain Northcott-type results. We then prove a version of the Hodge Index Theorem for vector-valued intersections, and use it to prove a rigidity theorem for polarized dynamical systems over any field.

Small Heights in Large Non-Abelian Extensions

Let E be an elliptic curve over the rationals. Let L be an infinite Galois extension of the rationals with uniformly bounded local degrees at almost all primes. We will consider the infinite extension L(E_tor) of the rationals where we adjoin all coordinates of torsion points of E. In this paper we will prove an effective lower bound for the height of non-zero elements in L(E_tor) that are not a root of unity.

A group-invariant version of Lehmer's conjecture on heights

We state and prove an equivariant version of Lehmer's conjecture on heights, generalizing papers by Zagier (1993) and Dresden (1998) which are special cases of this theorem. We also extend their three cases to a full classification of all groups satisfying the condition that the set of all orbits for which every non-zero element lies on the unit circle is finite and non-empty.

Minkowski's theorem on independent conjugate units

We call a unit $β$ in a Galois extension $l/\mathbb{Q}$ a Minkowski unit if the subgroup generated by $β$ and its conjugates over $\mathbb{Q}$ has maximum rank in the unit group of $l$. Minkowski showed the existence of such units in every Galois extension. We will give a new proof to Minkowski's theorem and show that there exists a Minkowski unit $β\in l$ such that the Weil height of $β$ is comparable with the sum of the heights of a fundamental system of units of $l$. Our proof implies a bound on the index of the subgroup generated by the algebraic conjugates of $β$ in the unit group of $l$.…

Drinfeld模的高与奇异模

Heights and singular moduli of Drinfeld modules

本文发展了Drinfeld模的高技术，证明了在$q>5$为奇数时，秩为2的$\mathbb{F}_q[t]$-Drinfeld模中至多仅有有限个奇异模为代数单位。

Heights, Regulators and Schinzel's determinant inequality

We prove inequalities that compare the size of an S-regulator with a product of heights of multiplicatively independent S-units. Our upper bound for the S-regulator follows from a general upper bound for the determinant of a real matrix proved by Schinzel. The lower bound for the S-regulator follows from Minkowski's theorem on successive minima and a volume formula proved by Meyer and Pajor. We establish similar upper bounds for the relative regulator of an extension of number fields.

Geometrie d'Arakelov et hauteurs canoniques sur des varietes semi-abeliennes

Canonical heights and Arakelov geometry on semi-abelian varieties. In this paper, we propose a construction of the canonical heights on an extension of an abelian variety by the multiplicative group, in the framework of Arakelov geometry. These canonical heights are the sum of some height coming from the abelian variety and something we call a relative height. We finally give some complements about the points whose relative height is zero.

On the number of quadratic twists with a rational point of almost minimal height

We investigate the number of curves having a rational point of almost minimal height in the family of quadratic twists of a given elliptic curve. This problem takes its origin in the work of Hooley, who asked this question in the setting of real quadratic fields. In particular, he showed an asymptotic estimate for the number of such fields with almost minimal fundamental unit. Our main result establishes the analogue asymptotic formula in the setting of quadratic twists of a fixed elliptic curve.

Explicit Small Heights in Infinite Non-Abelian Extensions

Let $E$ be an elliptic curve over the rationals. We will consider the infinite extension $\mathbb{Q}(E_{\text{tor}})$ of the rationals where we adjoin all coordinates of torsion points of $E$. In this paper we will prove an explicit lower bound for the height of non-zero elements in $\mathbb{Q}(E_{\text{tor}})$ that are not a root of unity, only depending on the conductor of the elliptic curve. As a side result we will give an explicit bound for a small supersingular prime for an elliptic curve.

A Height Inequality

We give a mathematical structure on an arithmetic surface, that has algebraic meanings over finite places and can estimate the canonical norm for a relative differential form on the arithmetic surface. This will give a lower bound for the canonical norm for a relative differential form on an arithmetic surface, which proves a Height Inequality on the arithmetic surface.

p-adic height pairings on abelian varieties with semistable ordinary reduction

We prove that for abelian varieties with semistable ordinary reduction the p-adic Mazur-Tate height pairing is induced by the unit root splitting of the Hodge filtration on the first deRham cohomology.

有限高度 Galois 表示的潜在半稳定性：相对情形

Potential semistability of Finite height Galois representations: Relative case

本文定义光滑半稳定约化 adic 空间上平展 Z_p-局部系的有限高度概念，并利用解析棱镜 F-晶体和 Du-Liu-Moon-Shimizu 的纯性结果，证明有限高度局部系在有限平展覆盖下的拉回是半稳定的。

Computing points of bounded height in projective space over a number field

We construct an algorithm for solving the following problem: given a number field $K$, a positive integer $N$, and a positive real number $B$, determine all points in $\mathbb P^N(K)$ having relative height at most $B$. A theoretical analysis of the efficiency of the algorithm is provided, as well as sample computations showing how the algorithm performs in practice. Two variants of the method are described, and examples are given to compare their running times. In the case $N=1$ we compare our method to an earlier algorithm for enumerating elements of bounded height in number fields.

高度1到7的实代数数的Cantor列表

Cantor's List of Real Algebraic Numbers of Heights 1 to 7

该研究延续Cantor关于实代数数可数性的工作，系统给出了高度1到7、对应次数为k的整系数不可约多项式的实代数数列表，补充了Cantor仅给出前三个高度实例的研究内容。

Variation of the canonical height for a family of polynomials

A theorem of Tate asserts that, for an elliptic surface E/X defined over a number field k, and a section P of E, there exists a divisor D on X such that the canonical height of the specialization of P to the fibre above t differs from the height of t relative to D by at most a bounded amount. We prove the analogous statement for a one-parameter family of polynomial dynamical systems. Moreover, we compare, at each place of k, the local canonical height with the local contribution to the height relative to D, and show that the difference is analytic near the support of D, a result which is analo…

Sato--Tate, cyclicity, and divisibility statistics on average for elliptic curves of small height

We obtain asymptotic formulae for the number of primes $p\le x$ for which the reduction modulo $p$ of the elliptic curve $$ \E_{a,b} : Y^2 = X^3 + aX + b $$ satisfies certain ``natural'' properties, on average over integers $a$ and $b$ with $|a|\le A$ and $|b| \le B$, where $A$ and $B$ are small relative to $x$. Specifically, we investigate behavior with respect to the Sato--Tate conjecture, cyclicity, and divisibility of the number of points by a fixed integer $m$.

Distribution of rational points on toric varieties: All the heights

In this paper we prove a formula for the number of rational points of bounded height relative to all the generators of the cone of effective divisor for a toric variety over a number field.

有理数域上五次del Pezzo曲面的有界高度点

Points of bounded height on quintic del Pezzo surfaces over the rational numbers

本文针对有理数域上分裂光滑五次del Pezzo曲面，给出了Manin猜想的一个相对简短且初等的证明。

The Hecke algebra action on Morava E-theory of height 2

Given a one-dimensional formal group of height 2, let E be the Morava E-theory spectrum associated to its universal deformation over the Lubin-Tate ring. By computing with moduli spaces of elliptic curves, we give an explicitation for an algebra of Hecke operators acting on E-cohomology. This leads to a vanishing result for Rezk's logarithmic cohomology operation on the units of E. It identifies a family of elements in the kernel with meromorphic modular forms whose Serre derivative is zero. Our calculation finds a connection to logarithms of modular units. In particular, we work out an action…

Coefficients of a relative of cyclotomic polynomials

Let $N=p_1p_2... p_n$ be a product of $n$ distinct primes. Define $P_N(x)$ to be the polynomial $(1-x^N)\prod_{1\leq i<j\leq n}(1-x^{N/(p_ip_j)})/\prod_{i=1}^n (1-x^{N/p_i})$. (When $n=2$, $P_{pq}(x)$ is the $pq$-th cyclotomic polynomial, and when $n=3$, $P_{pqr}(x)$ is $(1-x)$ times the $pqr$-th cyclotomic polynomial.) Let the height of a polynomial be the maximum absolute value of one of its coefficients. It is well known that the height of $Φ_{pq}(x)$ is 1, and Gallot and Moree showed that the same is true for $P_{pqr}(x)$ when $n=3$. We show that the coefficients of $P_N(x)$ depend mainly …

A generalization of Dirichlet's unit theorem

We generalize Dirichlet's $S$-unit theorem from the usual group of $S$-units of a number field $K$ to the infinite rank group of all algebraic numbers having nontrivial valuations only on places lying over $S$. Specifically, we demonstrate that the group of algebraic $S$-units modulo torsion is a $\bQ$-vector space which, when normed by the Weil height, spans a hyperplane determined by the product formula, and that the elements of this vector space which are linearly independent over $\mathbb{Q}$ retain their linear independence over $\mathbb{R}$.

Integral orthogonal bases of small height for real polynomial spaces

Let $P_N(R)$ be the space of all real polynomials in $N$ variables with the usual inner product $<, >$ on it, given by integrating over the unit sphere. We start by deriving an explicit combinatorial formula for the bilinear form representing this inner product on the space of coefficient vectors of all polynomials in $P_N(R)$ of degree $\leq M$. We exhibit two applications of this formula. First, given a finite dimensional subspace $V$ of $P_N(R)$ defined over $Q$, we prove the existence of an orthogonal basis for $(V, <, >)$, consisting of polynomials of small height with integer coefficient…

Prime number conjectures from the Shapiro class structure

The height $H(n)$ of $n$, introduced by Pillai in 1929, is the smallest positive integer $i$ such that the $i$th iterate of Euler's totient function at $n$ is $1$. H. N. Shapiro (1943) studied the structure of the set of all numbers at a height. We state a formula for the height function due to Shapiro and use it to list steps to generate numbers at any height. This turns out to be a useful way to think of this construct. In particular, we extend some results of Shapiro regarding the largest odd numbers at a height. We present some theoretical and computational evidence to show that $H$ and it…

关于对数配对的相对定义域、Vojta高度不等式与渐近坐标大小动力学

On relative fields of definition for log pairs, Vojta's height inequalities and asymptotic coordinate size dynamics

本文基于相关文献视角，研究射影簇有理点的动力算术复杂度，在渐近坐标大小动力学问题上取得进展，提出对数典范配对的猜想性Vojta型不等式新表述，并引出对数分解存在性的新概念。

Ideals of degree one contribute most of the height

Let $k$ be a number field, $f(x)\in k[x]$ a polynomial over $k$ with $f(0)\neq 0$, and $Ø_{k,S}^*$ the group of $S$-units of $k$, where $S$ is an appropriate finite set of places of $k$. In this note, we prove that outside of some natural exceptional set $T\subset Ø_{k,S}^*$, the prime ideals of $Ø_k$ dividing $f(u)$, $u\in Ø_{k,S}^*\setminus T$, mostly have degree one over $\Q$; that is, the corresponding residue fields have degree one over the prime field. We also formulate a conjectural analogue of this result for rational points on an elliptic curve over a number field, and deduce our conj…

Application of Weierstrass units to relative power integral bases

Let $K$ be an imaginary quadratic field other than $\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{-1})$ and $\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{-3})$. We construct relative power integral bases between certain abelian extensions of $K$ in terms of Weierstrass units.

Small generators for S-unit groups of division algebras

Let $k$ be a number field, suppose that $B$ is a central simple division algebra over $k$, and choose any maximal order $\mathcal{D}$ of $B$. The object of this paper is to show that the group $\mathcal{D}_S^*$ of $S$-units of $B$ is generated by elements of small height once $S$ contains an explicit finite set of places of $k$. This generalizes a theorem of H.\ W.\ Lenstra Jr., who proved such a result when $B = k$. Our height bound is an explicit function of the number field and the discriminant of a maximal order in $B$ used to define its $S$-units.

Lattice point counting and height bounds over number fields and quaternion algebras

An important problem in analytic and geometric combinatorics is estimating the number of lattice points in a compact convex set in a Euclidean space. Such estimates have numerous applications throughout mathematics. In this note, we exhibit applications of a particular estimate of this sort to several counting problems in number theory: counting integral points and units of bounded height over number fields, counting points of bounded height over positive definite quaternion algebras, and counting points of bounded height with a fixed support over global function fields. Our arguments use a co…

Relative Bogomolov extensions

An algebraic extension K of the rationals has the Bogomolov property if the absolute logarithmic height of non-torsion points of K* is bounded away from 0. We define a relative extension L/K to be Bogomolov if this holds for points of L\K. We construct various examples of extensions which are and are not Bogomolov. We prove a ramification criterion for this property, and use it to show that such extensions can always be constructed if some rational prime has bounded ramification index in K, when K is Galois over Q.

Kuga-Sato簇上CM闭链的模性与高度

Modularity and Heights of CM cycles on Kuga-Sato varieties

本文在任意级模曲线的Kuga-Sato簇上证明了CM闭链的高权一般Gross-Zagier公式，并证明CM闭链生成的Hecke模是半单模，为Beilinson-Bloch猜想提供证据。

正特征下旗流形上的几何高度

Geometric Height on Flag Varieties in Positive Characteristic

本文在正特征下研究旗流形上几何高度函数的高度滤波与连续最小值计算方法。

K-半稳定 Fano 簇高度的精确界 II，对数情形

Sharp bounds on the height of K-semistable Fano varieties II, the log case

本文将关于 K-半稳定算术 Fano 簇高度上界的猜想推广到对数情形，并据此证明整数射影空间中对角超曲面的高度以 Fubini-Study 射影空间为最大。

代数单位共轭元的等分布

Equidistribution of the conjugates of algebraic units

该研究证明了具整数系数和单零点的多项式零点的等分布结果，通过将多项式提升为二元映射并证明对应归一化零点测度的收敛性，在Bilu工作基础上给出了代数单位共轭元的等分布结果。

单位群上的Fourier-Jacobi周期的全局Gan-Gross-Prasad猜想I：相对迹公式的大规模展开

The global Gan--Gross--Prasad conjecture for Fourier--Jacobi periods on unitary groups I: Coarse expansions of the relative trace formulae

本文首次证明了单位群上Fourier-Jacobi周期的全局Gan-Gross-Prasad猜想，并建立了相对迹公式的大规模展开。

Canonical Trees, Compact Prefix-free Codes and Sums of Unit Fractions: A Probabilistic Analysis

For fixed $t\ge 2$, we consider the class of representations of $1$ as sum of unit fractions whose denominators are powers of $t$ or equivalently the class of canonical compact $t$-ary Huffman codes or equivalently rooted $t$-ary plane "canonical" trees. We study the probabilistic behaviour of the height (limit distribution is shown to be normal), the number of distinct summands (normal distribution), the path length (normal distribution), the width (main term of the expectation and concentration property) and the number of leaves at maximum distance from the root (discrete distribution).