Recent works have made great progress in semantic segmentation by exploiting contextual information in a local or global manner with dilated convolutions, pyramid pooling or self-attention mechanism. In order to avoid potential misleading contextual information aggregation in previous works, we propose a class-wise dynamic graph convolution (CDGC) module to adaptively propagate information. The graph reasoning is performed among pixels in the same class. Based on the proposed CDGC module, we further introduce the Class-wise Dynamic Graph Convolution Network(CDGCNet), which consists of two main parts including the CDGC module and a basic segmentation network, forming a coarse-to-fine paradigm. Specifically, the CDGC module takes the coarse segmentation result as class mask to extract node features for graph construction and performs dynamic graph convolutions on the constructed graph to learn the feature aggregation and weight allocation. Then the refined feature and the original feature are fused to get the final prediction. We conduct extensive experiments on three popular semantic segmentation benchmarks including Cityscapes, PASCAL VOC 2012 and COCO Stuff, and achieve state-of-the-art performance on all three benchmarks.
Department of Electrical Engineering, City Univeristy of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
Noisy labels collected with limited annotation cost prevent medical image segmentation algorithms from learning precise semantic correlations. Previous segmentation arts of learning with noisy labels merely perform a pixel-wise manner to preserve semantics, such as pixel-wise label correction, but neglect the pair-wise manner. In fact, we observe that the pair-wise manner capturing affinity relations between pixels can greatly reduce the label noise rate. Motivated by this observation, we present a novel perspective for noisy mitigation by incorporating both pixel-wise and pair-wise manners, w…
Real-time semantic segmentation is playing a more important role in computer vision, due to the growing demand for mobile devices and autonomous driving. Therefore, it is very important to achieve a good trade-off among performance, model size and inference speed. In this paper, we propose a Channel-wise Feature Pyramid (CFP) module to balance those factors. Based on the CFP module, we built CFPNet for real-time semantic segmentation which applied a series of dilated convolution channels to extract effective features. Experiments on Cityscapes and CamVid datasets show that the proposed CFPNet …
We propose a novel technique to incorporate attention within convolutional neural networks using feature maps generated by a separate convolutional autoencoder. Our attention architecture is well suited for incorporation with deep convolutional networks. We evaluate our model on benchmark segmentation datasets in skin cancer segmentation and lung lesion segmentation. Results show highly competitive performance when compared with U-Net and it's residual variant.
As a pixel-level prediction task, semantic segmentation needs large computational cost with enormous parameters to obtain high performance. Recently, due to the increasing demand for autonomous systems and robots, it is significant to make a tradeoff between accuracy and inference speed. In this paper, we propose a novel Depthwise Asymmetric Bottleneck (DAB) module to address this dilemma, which efficiently adopts depth-wise asymmetric convolution and dilated convolution to build a bottleneck structure. Based on the DAB module, we design a Depth-wise Asymmetric Bottleneck Network (DABNet) espe…
Zero-shot learning has been actively studied for image classification task to relieve the burden of annotating image labels. Interestingly, semantic segmentation task requires more labor-intensive pixel-wise annotation, but zero-shot semantic segmentation has only attracted limited research interest. Thus, we focus on zero-shot semantic segmentation, which aims to segment unseen objects with only category-level semantic representations provided for unseen categories. In this paper, we propose a novel Context-aware feature Generation Network (CaGNet), which can synthesize context-aware pixel-wi…
Among the neural network compression techniques, knowledge distillation is an effective one which forces a simpler student network to mimic the output of a larger teacher network. However, most of such model distillation methods focus on the image-level classification task. Directly adapting these methods to the task of semantic segmentation only brings marginal improvements. In this paper, we propose a simple, yet effective knowledge representation referred to as pixel-wise feature similarities (PFS) to tackle the challenging distillation problem of semantic segmentation. The developed PFS en…
Video semantic segmentation (VSS) is beneficial for dealing with dynamic scenes due to the continuous property of the real-world environment. On the one hand, some methods alleviate the predicted inconsistent problem between continuous frames. On the other hand, other methods employ the previous frame as the prior information to assist in segmenting the current frame. Although the previous methods achieve superior performances on the independent and identically distributed (i.i.d) data, they can not generalize well on other unseen domains. Thus, we explore a new task, the video generalizable s…
We present a simple and effective framework for simultaneous semantic segmentation and instance segmentation with Fully Convolutional Networks (FCNs). The method, called BiSeg, predicts instance segmentation as a posterior in Bayesian inference, where semantic segmentation is used as a prior. We extend the idea of position-sensitive score maps used in recent methods to a fusion of multiple score maps at different scales and partition modes, and adopt it as a robust likelihood for instance segmentation inference. As both Bayesian inference and map fusion are performed per pixel, BiSeg is a full…
We present a novel, real-time, semantic segmentation network in which the encoder both encodes and generates the parameters (weights) of the decoder. Furthermore, to allow maximal adaptivity, the weights at each decoder block vary spatially. For this purpose, we design a new type of hypernetwork, composed of a nested U-Net for drawing higher level context features, a multi-headed weight generating module which generates the weights of each block in the decoder immediately before they are consumed, for efficient memory utilization, and a primary network that is composed of novel dynamic patch-w…
We introduce a novel approach to unsupervised and semi-supervised domain adaptation for semantic segmentation. Unlike many earlier methods that rely on adversarial learning for feature alignment, we leverage contrastive learning to bridge the domain gap by aligning the features of structurally similar label patches across domains. As a result, the networks are easier to train and deliver better performance. Our approach consistently outperforms state-of-the-art unsupervised and semi-supervised methods on two challenging domain adaptive segmentation tasks, particularly with a small number of ta…
Xiamen University（厦门大学）；Tencent（腾讯）；Xi’an Jiaotong University（西安交通大学）；Macau University of Science and Technology（澳门科技大学）
We introduce a one-shot segmentation method to alleviate the burden of manual annotation for medical images. The main idea is to treat one-shot segmentation as a classical atlas-based segmentation problem, where voxel-wise correspondence from the atlas to the unlabelled data is learned. Subsequently, segmentation label of the atlas can be transferred to the unlabelled data with the learned correspondence. However, since ground truth correspondence between images is usually unavailable, the learning system must be well-supervised to avoid mode collapse and convergence failure. To overcome this …
Autonomous driving is a challenging topic that requires complex solutions in perception tasks such as recognition of road, lanes, traffic signs or lights, vehicles and pedestrians. Through years of research, computer vision has grown capable of tackling these tasks with monocular detectors that can provide remarkable detection rates with relatively low processing times. However, the recent appearance of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) has revolutionized the computer vision field and has made possible approaches to perform full pixel-wise semantic segmentation in times close to real time (…
Samsung Electronics（三星电子）；Seoul National University（首尔国立大学）；Soongsil University（崇实大学）
Semi-supervised learning for medical image segmentation is an important area of research for alleviating the huge cost associated with the construction of reliable large-scale annotations in the medical domain. Recent semi-supervised approaches have demonstrated promising results by employing consistency regularization, pseudo-labeling techniques, and adversarial learning. These methods primarily attempt to learn the distribution of labeled and unlabeled data by enforcing consistency in the predictions or embedding context. However, previous approaches have focused only on local discrepancy mi…
Tongji University（同济大学）；King’s College London（伦敦国王学院）
In visual recognition tasks, few-shot learning requires the ability to learn object categories with few support examples. Its re-popularity in light of the deep learning development is mainly in image classification. This work focuses on few-shot semantic segmentation, which is still a largely unexplored field. A few recent advances are often restricted to single-class few-shot segmentation. In this paper, we first present a novel multi-way (class) encoding and decoding architecture which effectively fuses multi-scale query information and multi-class support information into one query-support…
Piece-wise 3D planar reconstruction provides holistic scene understanding of man-made environments, especially for indoor scenarios. Most recent approaches focused on improving the segmentation and reconstruction results by introducing advanced network architectures but overlooked the dual characteristics of piece-wise planes as objects and geometric models. Different from other existing approaches, we start from enforcing cross-task consistency for our multi-task convolutional neural network, PlaneRecNet, which integrates a single-stage instance segmentation network for piece-wise planar segm…
Universidad de Zaragoza（萨拉戈萨大学）；Magic Leap（Magic Leap公司）；Bitbrain（Bitbrain公司）
This work presents a novel approach for semi-supervised semantic segmentation. The key element of this approach is our contrastive learning module that enforces the segmentation network to yield similar pixel-level feature representations for same-class samples across the whole dataset. To achieve this, we maintain a memory bank continuously updated with relevant and high-quality feature vectors from labeled data. In an end-to-end training, the features from both labeled and unlabeled data are optimized to be similar to same-class samples from the memory bank. Our approach outperforms the curr…
The autonomous car must recognize the driving environment quickly for safe driving. As the Light Detection And Range (LiDAR) sensor is widely used in the autonomous car, fast semantic segmentation of LiDAR point cloud, which is the point-wise classification of the point cloud within the sensor framerate, has attracted attention in recognition of the driving environment. Although the voxel and fusion-based semantic segmentation models are the state-of-the-art model in point cloud semantic segmentation recently, their real-time performance suffer from high computational load due to high voxel re…
University of Technology Sydney（悉尼科技大学）；National University of Singapore（新加坡国立大学）；Zhejiang University（浙江大学）
Unsupervised Domain Adaptation (UDA) aims to enhance the generalization of the learned model to other domains. The domain-invariant knowledge is transferred from the model trained on labeled source domain, e.g., video game, to unlabeled target domains, e.g., real-world scenarios, saving annotation expenses. Existing UDA methods for semantic segmentation usually focus on minimizing the inter-domain discrepancy of various levels, e.g., pixels, features, and predictions, for extracting domain-invariant knowledge. However, the primary intra-domain knowledge, such as context correlation inside an i…
In this paper, we propose a novel medical image segmentation using iterative deep learning framework. We have combined an iterative learning approach and an encoder-decoder network to improve segmentation results, which enables to precisely localize the regions of interest (ROIs) including complex shapes or detailed textures of medical images in an iterative manner. The proposed iterative deep convolutional encoder-decoder network consists of two main paths: convolutional encoder path and convolutional decoder path with iterative learning. Experimental results show that the proposed iterative …
Dilated Convolutions have been shown to be highly useful for the task of image segmentation. By introducing gaps into convolutional filters, they enable the use of larger receptive fields without increasing the original kernel size. Even though this allows for the inexpensive capturing of features at different scales, the structure of the dilated convolutional filter leads to a loss of information. We hypothesise that inexpensive modifications to Dilated Convolutional Neural Networks, such as additional averaging layers, could overcome this limitation. In this project we test this hypothesis b…
Tsinghua University（清华大学）；Microsoft Research Asia（微软亚洲研究院）
We present the first fully convolutional end-to-end solution for instance-aware semantic segmentation task. It inherits all the merits of FCNs for semantic segmentation and instance mask proposal. It performs instance mask prediction and classification jointly. The underlying convolutional representation is fully shared between the two sub-tasks, as well as between all regions of interest. The proposed network is highly integrated and achieves state-of-the-art performance in both accuracy and efficiency. It wins the COCO 2016 segmentation competition by a large margin. Code would be released a…
Artificial Intelligence Research Institute (AIRI)（人工智能研究院（AIRI））；Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology（莫斯科物理技术学院）；Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology（斯科尔科沃科学技术研究院）
When applying a Deep Learning model to medical images, it is crucial to estimate the model uncertainty. Voxel-wise uncertainty is a useful visual marker for human experts and could be used to improve the model's voxel-wise output, such as segmentation. Moreover, uncertainty provides a solid foundation for out-of-distribution (OOD) detection, improving the model performance on the image-wise level. However, one of the frequent tasks in medical imaging is the segmentation of distinct, local structures such as tumors or lesions. Here, the structure-wise uncertainty allows more precise operations …
Segmentation of 3D images is a fundamental problem in biomedical image analysis. Deep learning (DL) approaches have achieved state-of-the-art segmentation perfor- mance. To exploit the 3D contexts using neural networks, known DL segmentation methods, including 3D convolution, 2D convolution on planes orthogonal to 2D image slices, and LSTM in multiple directions, all suffer incompatibility with the highly anisotropic dimensions in common 3D biomedical images. In this paper, we propose a new DL framework for 3D image segmentation, based on a com- bination of a fully convolutional network (FCN) …
Existing semantic segmentation models heavily rely on dense pixel-wise annotations. To reduce the annotation pressure, we focus on a challenging task named zero-shot semantic segmentation, which aims to segment unseen objects with zero annotations. This task can be accomplished by transferring knowledge across categories via semantic word embeddings. In this paper, we propose a novel context-aware feature generation method for zero-shot segmentation named CaGNet. In particular, with the observation that a pixel-wise feature highly depends on its contextual information, we insert a contextual m…
Convolutional networks are powerful visual models that yield hierarchies of features. We show that convolutional networks by themselves, trained end-to-end, pixels-to-pixels, exceed the state-of-the-art in semantic segmentation. Our key insight is to build "fully convolutional" networks that take input of arbitrary size and produce correspondingly-sized output with efficient inference and learning. We define and detail the space of fully convolutional networks, explain their application to spatially dense prediction tasks, and draw connections to prior models. We adapt contemporary classificat…
Image segmentation is an important step in most visual tasks. While convolutional neural networks have shown to perform well on single image segmentation, to our knowledge, no study has been been done on leveraging recurrent gated architectures for video segmentation. Accordingly, we propose a novel method for online segmentation of video sequences that incorporates temporal data. The network is built from fully convolutional element and recurrent unit that works on a sliding window over the temporal data. We also introduce a novel convolutional gated recurrent unit that preserves the spatial …
Convolutional networks are powerful visual models that yield hierarchies of features. We show that convolutional networks by themselves, trained end-to-end, pixels-to-pixels, improve on the previous best result in semantic segmentation. Our key insight is to build "fully convolutional" networks that take input of arbitrary size and produce correspondingly-sized output with efficient inference and learning. We define and detail the space of fully convolutional networks, explain their application to spatially dense prediction tasks, and draw connections to prior models. We adapt contemporary cla…
Weakly Supervised Intracranial Hemorrhage Segmentation using Head-Wise Gradient-Infused Self-Attention Maps from a Swin Transformer in Categorical Learning
In the isointense stage, the accurate volumetric image segmentation is a challenging task due to the low contrast between tissues. In this paper, we propose a novel very deep network architecture based on a densely convolutional network for volumetric brain segmentation. The proposed network architecture provides a dense connection between layers that aims to improve the information flow in the network. By concatenating features map of fine and coarse dense blocks, it allows capturing multi-scale contextual information. Experimental results demonstrate significant advantages of the proposed me…
Fully Convolution Networks (FCN) have achieved great success in dense prediction tasks including semantic segmentation. In this paper, we start from discussing FCN by understanding its architecture limitations in building a strong segmentation network. Next, we present our Improved Fully Convolution Network (IFCN). In contrast to FCN, IFCN introduces a context network that progressively expands the receptive fields of feature maps. In addition, dense skip connections are added so that the context network can be effectively optimized. More importantly, these dense skip connections enable IFCN t…
University of Amsterdam（阿姆斯特丹大学）；Google Research（谷歌研究院）
A key challenge for RGB-D segmentation is how to effectively incorporate 3D geometric information from the depth channel into 2D appearance features. We propose to model the effective receptive field of 2D convolution based on the scale and locality from the 3D neighborhood. Standard convolutions are local in the image space ($u, v$), often with a fixed receptive field of 3x3 pixels. We propose to define convolutions local with respect to the corresponding point in the 3D real-world space ($x, y, z$), where the depth channel is used to adapt the receptive field of the convolution, which yields…
Department of Computer Science（计算机科学系）；University of Saskatchewan, Canada（萨斯喀彻温大学）
In this paper, we propose an efficient architecture for semantic image segmentation using the depth-to-space (D2S) operation. Our D2S model is comprised of a standard CNN encoder followed by a depth-to-space reordering of the final convolutional feature maps. Our approach eliminates the decoder portion of traditional encoder-decoder segmentation models and reduces the amount of computation almost by half. As a participant of the DeepGlobe Road Extraction competition, we evaluate our models on the corresponding road segmentation dataset. Our highly efficient D2S models exhibit comparable perfor…
School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology（北京理工大学计算机科学与技术学院）；Computer Vision Laboratory, ETH Zurich（苏黎世联邦理工学院计算机视觉实验室）；School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University（东南大学计算机科学与工程学院）；Center for Research on Intelligent Perception and Computing, CASIA（中国科学院自动化研究所智能感知与计算研究中心）
Acquiring sufficient ground-truth supervision to train deep visual models has been a bottleneck over the years due to the data-hungry nature of deep learning. This is exacerbated in some structured prediction tasks, such as semantic segmentation, which requires pixel-level annotations. This work addresses weakly supervised semantic segmentation (WSSS), with the goal of bridging the gap between image-level annotations and pixel-level segmentation. We formulate WSSS as a novel group-wise learning task that explicitly models semantic dependencies in a group of images to estimate more reliable pse…
CISPA Helmholtz Center for Information Security（CISPA 亥姆霍兹信息安全中心）；Max Planck Institute for Informatics（马克斯·普朗克信息学研究所）
Recently, learning-based image synthesis has enabled to generate high-resolution images, either applying popular adversarial training or a powerful perceptual loss. However, it remains challenging to successfully leverage synthetic data for improving semantic segmentation with additional synthetic images. Therefore, we suggest to generate intermediate convolutional features and propose the first synthesis approach that is catered to such intermediate convolutional features. This allows us to generate new features from label masks and include them successfully into the training procedure in ord…
Semantic segmentation is an important preliminary step towards automatic medical image interpretation. Recently deep convolutional neural networks have become the first choice for the task of pixel-wise class prediction. While incorporating prior knowledge about the structure of target objects has proven effective in traditional energy-based segmentation approaches, there has not been a clear way for encoding prior knowledge into deep learning frameworks. In this work, we propose a new loss term that encodes the star shape prior into the loss function of an end-to-end trainable fully convoluti…
Semantic segmentation has recently witnessed major progress, where fully convolutional neural networks have shown to perform well. However, most of the previous work focused on improving single image segmentation. To our knowledge, no prior work has made use of temporal video information in a recurrent network. In this paper, we introduce a novel approach to implicitly utilize temporal data in videos for online semantic segmentation. The method relies on a fully convolutional network that is embedded into a gated recurrent architecture. This design receives a sequence of consecutive video fram…
Recently, fully-convolutional one-stage networks have shown superior performance comparing to two-stage frameworks for instance segmentation as typically they can generate higher-quality mask predictions with less computation. In addition, their simple design opens up new opportunities for joint multi-task learning. In this paper, we demonstrate that adding a single classification layer for semantic segmentation, fully-convolutional instance segmentation networks can achieve state-of-the-art panoptic segmentation quality. This is made possible by our novel dynamic rank-1 convolution (DR1Conv),…
We propose a simple yet effective instance segmentation framework, termed CondInst (conditional convolutions for instance segmentation). Top-performing instance segmentation methods such as Mask R-CNN rely on ROI operations (typically ROIPool or ROIAlign) to obtain the final instance masks. In contrast, we propose to solve instance segmentation from a new perspective. Instead of using instance-wise ROIs as inputs to a network of fixed weights, we employ dynamic instance-aware networks, conditioned on instances. CondInst enjoys two advantages: 1) Instance segmentation is solved by a fully convo…
Recent leading approaches to semantic segmentation rely on deep convolutional networks trained with human-annotated, pixel-level segmentation masks. Such pixel-accurate supervision demands expensive labeling effort and limits the performance of deep networks that usually benefit from more training data. In this paper, we propose a method that achieves competitive accuracy but only requires easily obtained bounding box annotations. The basic idea is to iterate between automatically generating region proposals and training convolutional networks. These two steps gradually recover segmentation ma…
Facebook AI Research（Facebook人工智能研究院）；University of Oxford（牛津大学）
Convolutional networks are the de-facto standard for analyzing spatio-temporal data such as images, videos, and 3D shapes. Whilst some of this data is naturally dense (e.g., photos), many other data sources are inherently sparse. Examples include 3D point clouds that were obtained using a LiDAR scanner or RGB-D camera. Standard "dense" implementations of convolutional networks are very inefficient when applied on such sparse data. We introduce new sparse convolutional operations that are designed to process spatially-sparse data more efficiently, and use them to develop spatially-sparse convol…
The anchor-based detectors handle the problem of scale variation by building the feature pyramid and directly setting different scales of anchors on each cell in different layers. However, it is difficult for box-wise anchors to guide the adaptive learning of scale-specific features in each layer because there is no one-to-one correspondence between box-wise anchors and pixel-level features. In order to alleviate the problem, in this paper, we propose a scale-customized weak segmentation (SCWS) block at the pixel level for scale customized object feature learning in each layer. By integrating …
DAWA: Dynamic Ambiguity-Wise Adaptation for Real-Time Domain Adaptive Semantic Segmentation
School of Computer Science, Wuhan University（武汉大学计算机学院）；Hangzhou Institute of Technology, Xidian University（西安电子科技大学杭州研究院）；School of Artificial Intelligence, Wuhan University（武汉大学人工智能学院）；Department of Electrical Engineering（电气工程系）；the Institute of Communications Engineering, National Tsing Hua University（清华大学通信工程研究所）
Carnegie Mellon University（卡内基梅隆大学）；Ryerson University（瑞尔森大学）；Facebook AI Research（Facebook人工智能研究院）
We introduce an approach to integrate segmentation information within a convolutional neural network (CNN). This counter-acts the tendency of CNNs to smooth information across regions and increases their spatial precision. To obtain segmentation information, we set up a CNN to provide an embedding space where region co-membership can be estimated based on Euclidean distance. We use these embeddings to compute a local attention mask relative to every neuron position. We incorporate such masks in CNNs and replace the convolution operation with a "segmentation-aware" variant that allows a neuron …
National Chiao Tung University（国立交通大学）；Industrial Technology Research Institute（工业技术研究院）
Real-time semantic segmentation plays an important role in practical applications such as self-driving and robots. Most semantic segmentation research focuses on improving estimation accuracy with little consideration on efficiency. Several previous studies that emphasize high-speed inference often fail to produce high-accuracy segmentation results. In this paper, we propose a novel convolutional network named Efficient Dense modules with Asymmetric convolution (EDANet), which employs an asymmetric convolution structure and incorporates dilated convolution and dense connectivity to achieve hig…
University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学）；Tsinghua University（清华大学）；The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology（香港科技大学）
This paper proposes a convolutional neural network that can fuse high-level prior for semantic image segmentation. Motivated by humans' vision recognition system, our key design is a three-layer generative structure consisting of high-level coding, middle-level segmentation and low-level image to introduce global prior for semantic segmentation. Based on this structure, we proposed a generative model called conditional variational auto-encoder (CVAE) that can build up the links behind these three layers. These important links include an image encoder that extracts high level info from image, a…
Troy High School（特洛伊高中）；Harvard College（哈佛学院）；Beaumont Health（博蒙特健康）
As melanoma diagnoses increase across the US, automated efforts to identify malignant lesions become increasingly of interest to the research community. Segmentation of dermoscopic images is the first step in this process, thus accuracy is crucial. Although techniques utilizing convolutional neural networks have been used in the past for lesion segmentation, we present a solution employing the recently published DeepLab 3, an atrous convolution method for image segmentation. Although the results produced by this run are not ideal, with a mean Jaccard index of 0.498, we believe that with furthe…
Télécom Paris - Institut Polytechnique de Paris（巴黎理工学院巴黎电信学院）；Università di Napoli Parthenope（那不勒斯帕泰诺佩大学）；La Rochelle Université（拉罗谢尔大学）
Semantic segmentation is a fundamental topic in computer vision. Several deep learning methods have been proposed for semantic segmentation with outstanding results. However, these models require a lot of densely annotated images. To address this problem, we propose a new algorithm that uses HyperGraph Convolutional Networks for Weakly-supervised Semantic Segmentation (HyperGCN-WSS). Our algorithm constructs spatial and k-Nearest Neighbor (k-NN) graphs from the images in the dataset to generate the hypergraphs. Then, we train a specialized HyperGraph Convolutional Network (HyperGCN) architectu…
Deep learning (DL) based semantic segmentation methods have been providing state-of-the-art performance in the last few years. More specifically, these techniques have been successfully applied to medical image classification, segmentation, and detection tasks. One deep learning technique, U-Net, has become one of the most popular for these applications. In this paper, we propose a Recurrent Convolutional Neural Network (RCNN) based on U-Net as well as a Recurrent Residual Convolutional Neural Network (RRCNN) based on U-Net models, which are named RU-Net and R2U-Net respectively. The proposed …
Fraunhofer Institute for Telecommunications, Heinrich Hertz Institute, HHI（弗劳恩霍夫电信研究所，海因里希·赫兹研究所，HHI）；Humboldt University Berlin（柏林洪堡大学）
The new era of image segmentation leveraging the power of Deep Neural Nets (DNNs) comes with a price tag: to train a neural network for pixel-wise segmentation, a large amount of training samples has to be manually labeled on pixel-precision. In this work, we address this by following an indirect solution. We build upon the advances of the Explainable AI (XAI) community and extract a pixel-wise binary segmentation from the output of the Layer-wise Relevance Propagation (LRP) explaining the decision of a classification network. We show that we achieve similar results compared to an established …
Recently, a variety of vision transformers have been developed as their capability of modeling long-range dependency. In current transformer-based backbones for medical image segmentation, convolutional layers were replaced with pure transformers, or transformers were added to the deepest encoder to learn global context. However, there are mainly two challenges in a scale-wise perspective: (1) intra-scale problem: the existing methods lacked in extracting local-global cues in each scale, which may impact the signal propagation of small objects; (2) inter-scale problem: the existing methods fai…
Ocean University of China（中国海洋大学）；Technical University of Munich（慕尼黑工业大学）；University of Warwick（华威大学）；University of Leicester（莱斯特大学）；University of Southampton（南安普顿大学）
Interactive single-image segmentation is ubiquitous in the scientific and commercial imaging software. In this work, we focus on the single-image segmentation problem only with some seeds such as scribbles. Inspired by the dynamic receptive field in the human being's visual system, we propose the Gaussian dynamic convolution (GDC) to fast and efficiently aggregate the contextual information for neural networks. The core idea is randomly selecting the spatial sampling area according to the Gaussian distribution offsets. Our GDC can be easily used as a module to build lightweight or complex segm…
A variety of deep neural networks have been applied in medical image segmentation and achieve good performance. Unlike natural images, medical images of the same imaging modality are characterized by the same pattern, which indicates that same normal organs or tissues locate at similar positions in the images. Thus, in this paper we try to incorporate the prior knowledge of medical images into the structure of neural networks such that the prior knowledge can be utilized for accurate segmentation. Based on this idea, we propose a novel deep network called knowledge-based fully convolutional ne…
We propose a novel weakly-supervised semantic segmentation algorithm based on Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN). Contrary to existing weakly-supervised approaches, our algorithm exploits auxiliary segmentation annotations available for different categories to guide segmentations on images with only image-level class labels. To make the segmentation knowledge transferrable across categories, we design a decoupled encoder-decoder architecture with attention model. In this architecture, the model generates spatial highlights of each category presented in an image using an attention model, …
