We study the precise asymptotic volume of balls in Orlicz spaces and show that the volume of the intersection of two Orlicz balls undergoes a phase transition when the dimension of the ambient space tends to infinity. This generalizes a result of Schechtman and Schmuckenschläger [GAFA, Lecture notes in Math. 1469 (1991), 174--178] for $\ell_p^d$-balls. As another application, we determine the precise asymptotic volume ratio for $2$-concave Orlicz spaces $\ell_M^d$. Our method rests on ideas from statistical mechanics and large deviations theory, more precisely the maximum entropy or Gibbs principle for non-interacting particles, and presents a natural approach and fresh perspective to such geometric and volumetric questions. In particular, our approach explains how the $p$-generalized Gaussian distribution occurs in problems related to the geometry of $\ell_p^d$-balls, which are Orlicz balls when the Orlicz function is $M(t) = |t|^p$.
We prove asymptotic estimates for the volume of families of Orlicz balls in high dimensions. As an application, we describe a large family of Orlicz balls which verify a famous conjecture of Kannan, Lov{á}sz and Simonovits about spectral gaps. We also study the asymptotic independence of coordinates on uniform random vectors on Orlicz balls, as well as integrability properties of their linear functionals.
In this paper, we prove a Sanov-type large deviation principle for the sequence of empirical measures of vectors chosen uniformly at random from an Orlicz ball. From this level-$2$ large deviation result, in a combination with Gibbs conditioning, entropy maximization and an Orlicz version of the Poincaré-Maxwell-Borel lemma, we deduce a conditional limit theorem for high-dimensional Orlicz balls. Roughly speaking, the latter shows that if $V_1$ and $V_2$ are Orlicz functions, then random points in the $V_1$-Orlicz ball, conditioned on having a small $V_2$-Orlicz radius, look like an appropriat…
Antilla, Ball and Perissinaki proved that the squares of coordinate functions in $\ell_p^n$ are negatively correlated. This paper extends their results to balls in generalized Orlicz norms on R^n. From this, the concentration of the Euclidean norm and a form of the Central Limit Theorem for the generalized Orlicz balls is deduced. Also, a counterexample for the square negative correlation hypothesis for 1-symmetric bodies is given. Currently the CLT is known in full generality for convex bodies (see the paper "Power-law estimates for the central limit theorem for convex sets" by B. Klartag), w…
In this paper, we study the asymptotic thin-shell width concentration for random vectors uniformly distributed in Orlicz balls. We provide both asymptotic upper and lower bounds on the probability of such a random vector $X_n$ being in a thin shell of radius $\sqrt{n}$ times the asymptotic value of $n^{-1/2}\left(\mathbb E\left[\| X_n\|_2^2\right]\right)^{1/2}$ (as $n\to\infty$), showing that in certain ranges our estimates are optimal. In particular, our estimates significantly improve upon the currently best known general Lee-Vempala bound when the deviation parameter $t=t_n$ goes down to ze…
Random variables equidistributed on convex bodies have received quite a lot of attention in the last few years. In this paper we prove the negative association property (which generalizes the subindependence of coordinate slabs) for generalized Orlicz balls. This allows us to give a strong concentration property, along with a few moment comparison inequalities. Also, the theory of negatively associated variables is being developed in its own right, which allows us to hope more results will be available. Moreover, a simpler proof of a more general result for $\ell_p^n$ balls is given.
Using recent characterizations of the compactness of composition operators on Hardy-Orlicz and Bergman-Orlicz spaces on the ball, we first show that a composition operator which is compact on every Hardy-Orlicz (or Bergman-Orlicz) space has to be compact on H^{\infty}. Then, we prove that, for each Koranyi region Γ, there exists a map ϕtaking the ball into Γsuch that, C_ϕ is not compact on H^ψ\left(\mathbb{B}_{N}\right), when ψgrows fast. Finally, we give another characterization of the compactness of composition operator on weighted Bergman-Orlicz spaces in terms of an Orlicz "Angular derivat…
We give embedding theorems for weighted Bergman-Orlicz spaces on the ball and then apply our results to the study of composition operators in this context. As one of the motivations of this work, we show that there exist some weighted Bergman-Orlicz spaces, different from $H^{\infinity}$, on which every composition operator is bounded.
In this article, the authors establish a new characterization of the Musielak--Orlicz--Sobolev space on $\mathbb{R}^n$, which includes the classical Orlicz--Sobolev space, the weighted Sobolev space and the variable exponent Sobolev space as special cases, in terms of sharp ball averaging functions. Even in a special case, namely, the variable exponent Sobolev space, the obtained result in this article improves the corresponding result obtained by P. Hästö and A. M. Ribeiro [Commun. Contemp. Math. 19 (2017), 1650022, 13 pp] via weakening the assumption $f\in L^1(\mathbb R^n)$ into $f\in L_{\ma…
In this paper we discuss the structure of Orlicz spaces and weak Orlicz spaces on $\mathbb{R}^n$. We obtain some necessary and sufficient conditions for the inclusion property of these spaces. One of the keys is to compute the norm of the characteristic functions of the balls in $\mathbb{R}^n$.
In [A dozen de {F}inetti-style results in search of a theory, Ann. Inst. H. Poincaré Probab. Statist. 23(2)(1987), 397--423], Diaconis and Freedman studied low-dimensional projections of random vectors from the Euclidean unit sphere and the simplex in high dimensions, noting that the individual coordinates of these random vectors look like Gaussian and exponential random variables respectively. In subsequent works, Rachev and Rüschendorf and Naor and Romik unified these results by establishing a connection between $\ell_p^N$ balls and a $p$-generalized Gaussian distribution. In this paper, we …
Orlicz spaces are generalizations of Lebesgue spaces. The sufficient and necessary conditions for generalized Hölder's inequality in Lebesgue spaces and in weak Lebesgue spaces are well known. The aim of this paper is to present sufficient and necessary conditions for generalized Hölder's inequality in Orlicz spaces and in weak Orlicz spaces, which are obtained through estimates for characteristic functions of balls in $\R^n$.
In this paper we present sufficient and necessary conditions for inclusion relation between two weighted Orlicz spaces which complete the Osançliol result in 2014. One of the keys to prove our results is to use the norm of the characteristic functions of the balls in $\mathbb{R}^n$.
A subspace $H$ of a rearrangement invariant space $X$ on $[0,1]$ is strongly embedded in $X$ if, in $H$, convergence in $X$-norm is equivalent to convergence in measure. We obtain necessary and sufficient conditions on an Orlicz function $M$, under which the unit ball of an arbitrary strongly embedded subspace in the Orlicz space $L_M$ has equi-absolutely continuous norms in $L_M$.
In this paper we discuss the structure of weighted weak Lebesgue spaces and weighted weak Orlicz spaces on $\mathbb{R}^n$. First, we present sufficient and necessary conditions for inclusion relation between weighted weak Lebesgue spaces. Next, we also obtain similar results on weighted weak Orlicz spaces. One of the keys to prove our results is to use the norm of the characteristic functions of the balls in $\mathbb{R}^n$.
There are two versions of Orlicz-Morrey spaces (on $\mathbb{R}^n$), defined by Nakai in 2004 and by Sawano, Sugano, and Tanaka in 2012. In this paper we discuss the inclusion properties of these two spaces and compare the results. Computing the norms of the characteristic functions of balls in $\mathbb{R}^n$ is one of the keys to our results. Similar results for weak Orlicz-Morrey spaces of both versions are also obtained.
We show that the weighted Bergman-Orlicz space $A\_α^ψ$ coincides with some weighted Banach space of holomorphic functions if and only if the Orlicz function $ψ$ satisfies the so-called $Δ^{2}$--condition. In addition we prove that this condition characterizes those $A\_α^ψ$ on which every composition operator is bounded or order bounded into the Orlicz space $L\_α^ψ$. This provides us with estimates of the norm and the essential norm of composition operators on such spaces. We also prove that when $ψ$ satisfies the $Δ^{2}$--condition, a composition operator is compact on $A\_α^ψ$ if and only …
Orlicz--Morrey spaces are generalizations of Orlicz spaces and Morrey spaces which were first introduced by Nakai. There are three versions of Orlicz--Morrey spaces, i.e: Nakai's (2004), Sawano--Sugano--Tanaka's (2012), and Deringoz--Guliyev--Samko's (2014) versions. On this article we will discuss the third version of weak Orlicz--Morrey space which is seen as an enlargement of third version of (strong) Orlicz--Morrey space. Similar to its first version and second version, the third version of weak Orlicz-Morrey space is considered as a generalization of weak Orlicz spaces, weak Morrey spaces…
What is the optimal way to cut a convex bounded domain $K$ in Euclidean space $(\mathbb{R}^n,|\cdot|)$ into two halves of equal volume, so that the interface between the two halves has least surface area? A conjecture of Kannan, Lovász and Simonovits asserts that, if one does not mind gaining a universal numerical factor (independent of $n$) in the surface area, one might as well dissect $K$ using a hyperplane. This conjectured essential equivalence between the former non-linear isoperimetric inequality and its latter linear relaxation, has been shown over the last two decades to be of fundame…
Given an Orlicz $N$-function $φ$ and a positive decreasing weight $w$, we present criteria of the diameter two property and of the Radon-Nikodým property in Orlicz-Lorentz function and sequence spaces $Λ_{φ,w}$ and $λ_{φ,w}$. We show that in the spaces $Λ_{φ,w}$ or $λ_{φ,w}$ equipped with the Luxemburg norm, the diameter of any relatively weakly subset of the unit ball in these spaces is two if and only if $φ$ does not satisfy the appropriate $Δ_2$ condition, while they have the Radon-Nikodým property if and only if $φ$ satisfies the appropriate $Δ_2$ condition.
A Banach space is polyhedral if the unit ball of each of its finite dimensional subspaces is a polyhedron. It is known that a polyhedral Banach space has a separable dual and is $c_0$-saturated, i.e., each closed infinite dimensional subspace contains an isomorph of $c_0$. In this paper, we show that the Orlicz sequence space $h_M$ is isomorphic to a polyhedral Banach space if $\lim_{t\to 0}M(Kt)/M(t) = \infty$ for some $K < \infty$. We also construct an Orlicz sequence space $h_M$ which is $c_0$-saturated, but which is not isomorphic to any polyhedral Banach space. This shows that being $c_0$…
Let $L$ be a homogeneous divergence form higher order elliptic operator with complex bounded measurable coefficients on $\mathbb{R}^n$ and $X$ a ball quasi-Banach function space on $\mathbb{R}^n$ satisfying some mild assumptions. Denote by $H_{X,\, L}(\mathbb{R}^n)$ the Hardy space, associated with both $L$ and $X$, which is defined via the Lusin area function related to the semigroup generated by $L$. In this article, the authors establish both the maximal function and the Riesz transform characterizations of $H_{X,\, L}(\mathbb{R}^n)$. The results obtained in this article have a wide range o…
Let $X$ be a ball quasi-Banach function space on ${\mathbb R}^n$ and assume that the Hardy--Littlewood maximal operator satisfies the Fefferman--Stein vector-valued maximal inequality on $X$, and let $q\in[1,\infty)$ and $d\in(0,\infty)$. In this article, the authors prove that, for any $f\in \mathcal{L}_{X,q,0,d}(\mathbb{R}^n)$ (the ball Campanato-type function space associated with $X$), the Littlewood--Paley $g$-function $g(f)$ is either infinite everywhere or finite almost everywhere and, in the latter case, $g(f)$ is bounded on $\mathcal{L}_{X,q,0,d}(\mathbb{R}^n)$. Similar results for bo…
Let $X$ be a ball quasi-Banach function space on ${\mathbb R}^n$ satisfying some mild assumptions. In this article, the authors first find a reasonable version $\widetilde{T}$ of the Calderón--Zygmund operator $T$ on the ball Campanato-type function space $\mathcal{L}_{X,q,s,d}(\mathbb{R}^n)$ with $q\in[1,\infty)$, $s\in\mathbb{Z}_+^n$, and $d\in(0,\infty)$. Then the authors prove that $\widetilde{T}$ is bounded on $\mathcal{L}_{X,q,s,d}(\mathbb{R}^n)$ if and only if, for any $γ\in\mathbb{Z}^n_+$ with $|γ|\leq s$, $T^*(x^γ)=0$, which is hence sharp. Moreover, $\widetilde{T}$ is proved to be th…
Let $X$ be a ball quasi-Banach function space on ${\mathbb R}^n$. In this article, assuming that the powered Hardy--Littlewood maximal operator satisfies some Fefferman--Stein vector-valued maximal inequality on $X$ as well as it is bounded on both the weak ball quasi-Banach function space $WX$ and the associated space, the authors establish various Littlewood--Paley function characterizations of $WH_X({\mathbb R}^n)$ under some weak assumptions on the Littlewood--Paley functions. The authors also prove that the real interpolation intermediate space $(H_{X}({\mathbb R}^n),L^\infty({\mathbb R}^…
Let $\mathcal{X}$ be a metric space with doubling measure and $L$ a one-to-one operator of type $ω$ having a bounded $H_\infty$-functional calculus in $L^2(\mathcal{X})$ satisfying the reinforced $(p_L, q_L)$ off-diagonal estimates on balls, where $p_L\in[1,2)$ and $q_L\in(2,\infty]$. Let $φ:\,\mathcal{X}\times[0,\infty)\to[0,\infty)$ be a function such that $φ(x,\cdot)$ is an Orlicz function, $φ(\cdot,t)\in {\mathbb A}_{\infty}(\mathcal{X})$ (the class of uniformly Muckenhoupt weights), its uniformly critical upper type index $I(φ)\in(0,1]$ and $φ(\cdot,t)$ satisfies the uniformly reverse Höl…
Let $X$ be a ball Banach function space on ${\mathbb R}^n$. Let $Ω$ be a Lipschitz function on the unit sphere of ${\mathbb R}^n$,which is homogeneous of degree zero and has mean value zero, and let $T_Ω$ be the convolutional singular integral operator with kernel $Ω(\cdot)/|\cdot|^n$. In this article, under the assumption that the Hardy--Littlewood maximal operator $\mathcal{M}$ is bounded on both $X$ and its associated space, the authors prove that the commutator $[b,T_Ω]$ is compact on $X$ if and only if $b\in{\rm CMO}({\mathbb R}^n)$. To achieve this, the authors mainly employ three key to…
Let $X$ be a ball Banach function space on ${\mathbb R}^n$. In this article, under some mild assumptions about both $X$ and the boundedness of the Hardy--Littlewood maximal operator on the associate space of the convexification of $X$, the authors prove that, for any locally integrable function $f$ with $\|\,|\nabla f|\,\|_{X}<\infty$, $$\sup_{λ\in(0,\infty)}λ\left \|\left|\left\{y\in{\mathbb R}^n:\ |f(\cdot)-f(y)| >λ|\cdot-y|^{\frac{n}{q}+1}\right\}\right|^{\frac{1}{q}} \right\|_X\sim \|\,|\nabla f|\,\|_X$$ with the positive equivalence constants independent of $f$, where the index $q\in(0,\i…
Let $X$ be a ball quasi-Banach function space on ${\mathbb R}^n$. In this article, the authors introduce the weak Hardy-type space $WH_X({\mathbb R}^n)$, associated with $X$, via the radial maximal function. Assuming that the powered Hardy--Littlewood maximal operator satisfies some Fefferman--Stein vector-valued maximal inequality on $X$ as well as it is bounded on both the weak ball quasi-Banach function space $WX$ and the associated space, the authors then establish several real-variable characterizations of $WH_X({\mathbb R}^n)$, respectively, in terms of various maximal functions, atoms a…
Let $X$ be a ball quasi-Banach function space satisfying some minor assumptions. In this article, the authors establish the characterizations of $H_X(\mathbb{R}^n)$, the Hardy space associated with $X$, via the Littlewood--Paley $g$-functions and $g_λ^\ast$-functions. Moreover, the authors obtain the boundedness of Calderón--Zygmund operators on $H_X(\mathbb{R}^n)$. For the local Hardy-type space $h_X(\mathbb{R}^n)$ associated with $X$, the authors also obtain the boundedness of $S^0_{1,0}(\mathbb{R}^n)$ pseudo-differential operators on $h_X(\mathbb{R}^n)$ via first establishing the atomic cha…
Let $X$ be a ball quasi-Banach function space on ${\mathbb R}^n$. In this article, assuming that the powered Hardy--Littlewood maximal operator satisfies some Fefferman--Stein vector-valued maximal inequality on $X$ and is bounded on the associated space, the authors establish various Littlewood--Paley function characterizations of the Hardy space $H_X({\mathbb R}^n)$ associated with $X$, under some weak assumptions on the Littlewood--Paley functions. To this end, the authors also establish a useful estimate on the change of angles in tent spaces associated with $X$. All these results have wid…
Let $(\mathbb{X},d,μ)$ be a space of homogeneous type in the sense of R. R. Coifman and G. Weiss, and $X(\mathbb{X})$ a ball quasi-Banach function space on $\mathbb{X}$. In this article, the authors introduce the weak Hardy space $WH_X(\mathbb{X})$ associated with $X(\mathbb{X})$ via the grand maximal function, and characterize $WH_X(\mathbb{X})$ by other maximal functions and atoms. The authors then apply these characterizations to obtain the real interpolation and the boundedness of Calderón--Zygmund operators in the critical case. The main novelties of this article exist in that the authors…
In this paper we introduce the notion of a quasi-modular and we prove that the respective Minkowski functional of the unit quasi-modular ball becomes a quasi-norm. In this way, we refer to and complete the well-known theory related to the notions of a modular and a convex modular that lead to the F-norm and to the norm, respectively. We use the obtained results to consider basic properties of quasi-normed Calderón-Lozanovski\uı spaces $E_φ$, where the lower Matuszewska-Orlicz index $α_φ$ plays the key role. We also give a number of theorems concerning different copies of $l^{\infty}$ in the sp…
Local Hardy Spaces Associated with Ball Quasi-Banach Function Spaces and Non-negative Self-adjoint Operators on Spaces of Homogeneous Type and Their Applications
Hardy Spaces Associated with Non-Negative Self-Adjoint Operators and Ball Quasi-Banach Function Spaces on Doubling Metric Measure Spaces and Their Applications
