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arXiv 2007.04184cond-mat.stat-mech
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热电器件的不可逆热力学:从局部框架到全局描述

Irreversible thermodynamics of thermoelectric devices: From local framework to global description

Jasleen Kaur, Ramandeep S. Johal

摘要:

传统上,热电性是通过Onsager的不可逆通量力框架来解释的。热和电荷的耦合流动被建模为稳态流动,由热力学力驱动,热力学力定义在局部的梯度,强度参数,如温度和电化学电势。热电发电机是一种具有有限延伸的设备,其性能是根据总功率输出和总熵产生来衡量的。这些整体量自然地用从局部对应物导出的离散力或整体力来表示。我们用整体通量-力关系来分析热电热力学。这些关系清楚地表明,额外的二次依赖的驱动器通量的整体力量,对应的焦耳加热的过程。我们讨论了由这些通量-力关系定义的整体动力学系数,并证明了整体交叉系数的相等性是由局部系数的类似性质导出的。最后,我们澄清了温差能转换的全球框架和最近提出的最小非线性不可逆热力学模型之间的差异。

英文摘要:

Thermoelectricity is traditionally explained via Onsager's irreversible, flux-force framework. The coupled flows of heat and electric charge are modelled as steady-state flows, driven by the thermodynamic forces defined in terms of the gradients of local, intensive parameters like temperature and electrochemical potential. A thermoelectric generator is a device with a finite extension, and its performance is measured in terms of total power output and total entropy generation. These global quantities are naturally expressed in terms of discrete or global forces derived from their local counterparts. We analyze the thermodynamics of thermoelectricity in terms of global flux-force relations. These relations clearly show the additional quadratic dependence of the driver flux on global forces, corresponding to the process of Joule heating. We discuss the global kinetic coefficients defined by these flux-force relations and prove that the equality of the global cross-coefficients is derived from a similar property of the local coefficients. Finally, we clarify the differences between the global framework for thermoelectric energy conversion and the recently proposed minimally nonlinear irreversible thermodynamic model.

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