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arXiv 2007.03804cond-mat.mtrl-sci
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孤立剪切带的成核特性

Nucleation properties of isolated shear bands

Shwetabh Yadav, Dinakar Sagapuram

摘要:

剪切带,或沿窄带的强应变局部化,是固体中的塑性不稳定性,在广泛的材料和跨越长度尺度的材料失效具有重要意义。本文报道了三种模型合金中单个孤立剪切带形核的系列实验。利用高速原位成像和平行力测量研究了孤立带的成核动力学和特征应力。结果表明,存在一个临界剪切应力所需的带形核。成核应力与法向应力关系不大,与剪切模量成正比。这些性质与晶体中位错滑移的起始性质十分相似。从剪切带到均匀塑性流动的流动模式的变化发生在低于成核应力的应力水平。相图描绘的应变,应变速率和温度域,这两个对比的流动模式发生。我们的工作能够解释的剪切带成核的晶格不稳定性,由于(应力辅助)的位错势垒的击穿,在应力和活化能方面的定量实验支持。

英文摘要:

Shear banding, or localization of intense strains along narrow bands, is a plastic instability in solids with important implications for material failure in a wide range of materials and across length-scales. In this paper, we report on a series of experiments on the nucleation of single isolated shear bands in three model alloys. Nucleation kinetics of isolated bands and characteristic stresses are studied using high-speed in situ imaging and parallel force measurements. The results demonstrate the existence of a critical shear stress required for band nucleation. The nucleation stress bears little dependence on the normal stress and is proportional to the shear modulus. These properties are quite akin to those governing the onset of dislocation slip in crystalline solids. A change in the flow mode from shear banding to homogeneous plastic flow occurs at stress levels below the nucleation stress. Phase diagrams delineating the strain, strain rate and temperature domains where these two contrasting flow modes occur are presented. Our work enables interpretation of shear band nucleation as a crystal lattice instability due to (stress-assisted) breakdown of dislocation barriers, with quantitative experimental support in terms of stresses and the activation energy.

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