With the success of deep learning in classifying short trimmed videos, more attention has been focused on temporally segmenting and classifying activities in long untrimmed videos. State-of-the-art approaches for action segmentation utilize several layers of temporal convolution and temporal pooling. Despite the capabilities of these approaches in capturing temporal dependencies, their predictions suffer from over-segmentation errors. In this paper, we propose a multi-stage architecture for the temporal action segmentation task that overcomes the limitations of the previous approaches. The first stage generates an initial prediction that is refined by the next ones. In each stage we stack several layers of dilated temporal convolutions covering a large receptive field with few parameters. While this architecture already performs well, lower layers still suffer from a small receptive field. To address this limitation, we propose a dual dilated layer that combines both large and small receptive fields. We further decouple the design of the first stage from the refining stages to address the different requirements of these stages. Extensive evaluation shows the effectiveness of the proposed model in capturing long-range dependencies and recognizing action segments. Our models achieve state-of-the-art results on three datasets: 50Salads, Georgia Tech Egocentric Activities (GTEA), and the Breakfast dataset.
Temporal action segmentation tags action labels for every frame in an input untrimmed video containing multiple actions in a sequence. For the task of temporal action segmentation, we propose an encoder-decoder-style architecture named C2F-TCN featuring a "coarse-to-fine" ensemble of decoder outputs. The C2F-TCN framework is enhanced with a novel model agnostic temporal feature augmentation strategy formed by the computationally inexpensive strategy of the stochastic max-pooling of segments. It produces more accurate and well-calibrated supervised results on three benchmark action segmentation…
Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been used in many machine learning fields. In practical applications, the computational cost of convolutional neural networks is often high with the deepening of the network and the growth of data volume, mostly due to a large amount of multiplication operations of floating-point numbers in convolution operations. To reduce the amount of multiplications, we propose a new type of CNNs called Tropical Convolutional Neural Networks (TCNNs) which are built on tropical convolutions in which the multiplications and additions in conventional convolutional lay…
The ability to identify and temporally segment fine-grained human actions throughout a video is crucial for robotics, surveillance, education, and beyond. Typical approaches decouple this problem by first extracting local spatiotemporal features from video frames and then feeding them into a temporal classifier that captures high-level temporal patterns. We introduce a new class of temporal models, which we call Temporal Convolutional Networks (TCNs), that use a hierarchy of temporal convolutions to perform fine-grained action segmentation or detection. Our Encoder-Decoder TCN uses pooling and…
Inspired by the ConvNets with structured hidden representations, we propose a Tensor-based Neural Network, TCNN. Different from ConvNets, TCNNs are composed of structured neurons rather than scalar neurons, and the basic operation is neuron tensor transformation. Unlike other structured ConvNets, where the part-whole relationships are modeled explicitly, the relationships are learned implicitly in TCNNs. Also, the structured neurons in TCNNs are high-rank tensors rather than vectors or matrices. We compare TCNNs with current popular ConvNets, including ResNets, MobileNets, EfficientNets, RegNe…
University of Bonn（波恩大学）；Germany（德国（注：这里的Germany是国家，原机构描述中“University of Bonn, Germany”整体是机构的国家信息，根据提取规则，机构粒度到大学级别即可，所以主要机构是University of Bonn，德国作为国家信息不属于机构，此处可能原数据格式导致，但按要求提取机构，所以正确应为University of Bonn）}]}（注：实际正确应为{）
Temporally locating and classifying action segments in long untrimmed videos is of particular interest to many applications like surveillance and robotics. While traditional approaches follow a two-step pipeline, by generating frame-wise probabilities and then feeding them to high-level temporal models, recent approaches use temporal convolutions to directly classify the video frames. In this paper, we introduce a multi-stage architecture for the temporal action segmentation task. Each stage features a set of dilated temporal convolutions to generate an initial prediction that is refined by th…
Twisted Convolutional Networks (TCNs): Enhancing Feature Interactions for Non-Spatial Data Classification
McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University（西北大学工程学院）；School of Mathematics, University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学数学系）；College of New Energy, Jingchu University of Technology（荆楚科技学院新能源学院）；Information Initiative Center, Hokkaido University（北海道大学信息初始化中心）；School of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Wenzhou University（温州大学计算机科学与人工智能学院）
National University of Singapore（新加坡国立大学）；Tencent Game AI Research Center（腾讯游戏AI研究中心）；Yale-NUS College（耶鲁-新加坡国立大学学院）
Despite the recent progress, 3D multi-person pose estimation from monocular videos is still challenging due to the commonly encountered problem of missing information caused by occlusion, partially out-of-frame target persons, and inaccurate person detection. To tackle this problem, we propose a novel framework integrating graph convolutional networks (GCNs) and temporal convolutional networks (TCNs) to robustly estimate camera-centric multi-person 3D poses that do not require camera parameters. In particular, we introduce a human-joint GCN, which, unlike the existing GCN, is based on a direct…
The discriminative power of modern deep learning models for 3D human action recognition is growing ever so potent. In conjunction with the recent resurgence of 3D human action representation with 3D skeletons, the quality and the pace of recent progress have been significant. However, the inner workings of state-of-the-art learning based methods in 3D human action recognition still remain mostly black-box. In this work, we propose to use a new class of models known as Temporal Convolutional Neural Networks (TCN) for 3D human action recognition. Compared to popular LSTM-based Recurrent Neural N…
ICube, University of Strasbourg, CNRS（斯特拉斯堡大学 ICube 实验室、法国国家科学研究中心）；Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS（A. Gemelli 大学综合医院基金会 IRCCS）；IHU-Strasbourg, Institute of Image-Guided Surgery（斯特拉斯堡 IHU 影像引导外科研究所）；Institute for Research against Digestive Cancer (IRCAD)（消化道癌症研究院（IRCAD））
A major obstacle to building models for effective semantic segmentation, and particularly video semantic segmentation, is a lack of large and well annotated datasets. This bottleneck is particularly prohibitive in highly specialized and regulated fields such as medicine and surgery, where video semantic segmentation could have important applications but data and expert annotations are scarce. In these settings, temporal clues and anatomical constraints could be leveraged during training to improve performance. Here, we present Temporally Constrained Neural Networks (TCNN), a semi-supervised fr…
Imperial College London（帝国理工学院）；Facebook London（伦敦脸书公司）；Samsung AI Center Cambridge（剑桥三星人工智能中心）
In this work, we present the Densely Connected Temporal Convolutional Network (DC-TCN) for lip-reading of isolated words. Although Temporal Convolutional Networks (TCN) have recently demonstrated great potential in many vision tasks, its receptive fields are not dense enough to model the complex temporal dynamics in lip-reading scenarios. To address this problem, we introduce dense connections into the network to capture more robust temporal features. Moreover, our approach utilises the Squeeze-and-Excitation block, a light-weight attention mechanism, to further enhance the model's classificat…
Information Sciences Institute, USC（南加州大学信息科学研究所）；The Open University of Israel（以色列开放大学）；Institute for Robotics and Intelligent Systems, USC（南加州大学机器人与智能系统研究所）
We present a novel convolutional neural network (CNN) design for facial landmark coordinate regression. We examine the intermediate features of a standard CNN trained for landmark detection and show that features extracted from later, more specialized layers capture rough landmark locations. This provides a natural means of applying differential treatment midway through the network, tweaking processing based on facial alignment. The resulting Tweaked CNN model (TCNN) harnesses the robustness of CNNs for landmark detection, in an appearance-sensitive manner without training multi-part or multi-…
Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT)（安全、可靠性与信任跨学科中心（SnT））；University of Luxembourg（卢森堡大学）
This paper extends the Spatial-Temporal Graph Convolutional Network (ST-GCN) for skeleton-based action recognition by introducing two novel modules, namely, the Graph Vertex Feature Encoder (GVFE) and the Dilated Hierarchical Temporal Convolutional Network (DH-TCN). On the one hand, the GVFE module learns appropriate vertex features for action recognition by encoding raw skeleton data into a new feature space. On the other hand, the DH-TCN module is capable of capturing both short-term and long-term temporal dependencies using a hierarchical dilated convolutional network. Experiments have been…
Temporal convolutional networks (TCNs) are a commonly used architecture for temporal video segmentation. TCNs however, tend to suffer from over-segmentation errors and require additional refinement modules to ensure smoothness and temporal coherency. In this work, we propose a novel temporal encoder-decoder to tackle the problem of sequence fragmentation. In particular, the decoder follows a coarse-to-fine structure with an implicit ensemble of multiple temporal resolutions. The ensembling produces smoother segmentations that are more accurate and better-calibrated, bypassing the need for addi…
The purpose of gesture recognition is to recognize meaningful movements of human bodies, and gesture recognition is an important issue in computer vision. In this paper, we present a multimodal gesture recognition method based on 3D densely convolutional networks (3D-DenseNets) and improved temporal convolutional networks (TCNs). The key idea of our approach is to find a compact and effective representation of spatial and temporal features, which orderly and separately divide task of gesture video analysis into two parts: spatial analysis and temporal analysis. In spatial analysis, we adopt 3D…
University Hospital of Strasbourg（斯特拉斯堡大学医院）；IHU Strasbourg（斯特拉斯堡大学医院研究所）；Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS（阿戈斯蒂诺·杰梅利大学综合医院基金会IRCCS）；IRCAD（斯特拉斯堡消化癌症研究所）；University of Verona（维罗纳大学）；ICube（斯特拉斯堡大学工程、计算机科学、成像与数学实验室）；University of Strasbourg（斯特拉斯堡大学）；CNRS（法国国家科学研究中心）
Purpose: Automatic segmentation and classification of surgical activity is crucial for providing advanced support in computer-assisted interventions and autonomous functionalities in robot-assisted surgeries. Prior works have focused on recognizing either coarse activities, such as phases, or fine-grained activities, such as gestures. This work aims at jointly recognizing two complementary levels of granularity directly from videos, namely phases and steps. Method: We introduce two correlated surgical activities, phases and steps, for the laparoscopic gastric bypass procedure. We propose a Mul…
Baidu Inc（百度公司）；MIT-Watson AI Lab（麻省理工学院-沃森人工智能实验室）；Harbin Institute of Technology（哈尔滨工业大学）
Existing action localization approaches adopt shallow temporal convolutional networks (\ie, TCN) on 1D feature map extracted from video frames. In this paper, we empirically find that stacking more conventional temporal convolution layers actually deteriorates action classification performance, possibly ascribing to that all channels of 1D feature map, which generally are highly abstract and can be regarded as latent concepts, are excessively recombined in temporal convolution. To address this issue, we introduce a novel concept-wise temporal convolution (CTC) layer as an alternative to conven…
An important aspect of video understanding is the ability to predict the evolution of its content in the future. This paper presents a future frame semantic segmentation technique for predicting semantic masks of the current and future frames in a time-lapsed video. We specifically focus on time-lapsed videos with large temporal displacement to highlight the model's ability to capture large motions in time. We first introduce a unique semantic segmentation prediction dataset with over 120,000 time-lapsed sky-video frames and all corresponding semantic masks captured over a span of five years i…
Toronto Rehabilitation Institute（多伦多康复研究所）；University Health Network（大学健康网络）
Automatic detection of students' engagement in online learning settings is a key element to improve the quality of learning and to deliver personalized learning materials to them. Varying levels of engagement exhibited by students in an online classroom is an affective behavior that takes place over space and time. Therefore, we formulate detecting levels of students' engagement from videos as a spatio-temporal classification problem. In this paper, we present a novel end-to-end Residual Network (ResNet) and Temporal Convolutional Network (TCN) hybrid neural network architecture for students' …
Technische Universität München（慕尼黑工业大学）；Johns Hopkins University（约翰斯·霍普金斯大学）
Automatic surgical phase recognition is a challenging and crucial task with the potential to improve patient safety and become an integral part of intra-operative decision-support systems. In this paper, we propose, for the first time in workflow analysis, a Multi-Stage Temporal Convolutional Network (MS-TCN) that performs hierarchical prediction refinement for surgical phase recognition. Causal, dilated convolutions allow for a large receptive field and online inference with smooth predictions even during ambiguous transitions. Our method is thoroughly evaluated on two datasets of laparoscopi…
We propose a novel technique to incorporate attention within convolutional neural networks using feature maps generated by a separate convolutional autoencoder. Our attention architecture is well suited for incorporation with deep convolutional networks. We evaluate our model on benchmark segmentation datasets in skin cancer segmentation and lung lesion segmentation. Results show highly competitive performance when compared with U-Net and it's residual variant.
We present a simple and effective framework for simultaneous semantic segmentation and instance segmentation with Fully Convolutional Networks (FCNs). The method, called BiSeg, predicts instance segmentation as a posterior in Bayesian inference, where semantic segmentation is used as a prior. We extend the idea of position-sensitive score maps used in recent methods to a fusion of multiple score maps at different scales and partition modes, and adopt it as a robust likelihood for instance segmentation inference. As both Bayesian inference and map fusion are performed per pixel, BiSeg is a full…
This paper summarizes our method and validation results for the ISIC Challenge 2018 - Skin Lesion Analysis Towards Melanoma Detection - Task 1: Lesion Segmentation
Temporal action segmentation classifies the action of each frame in (long) video sequences. Due to the high cost of frame-wise labeling, we propose the first semi-supervised method for temporal action segmentation. Our method hinges on unsupervised representation learning, which, for temporal action segmentation, poses unique challenges. Actions in untrimmed videos vary in length and have unknown labels and start/end times. Ordering of actions across videos may also vary. We propose a novel way to learn frame-wise representations from temporal convolutional networks (TCNs) by clustering input …
The dominant paradigm for video-based action segmentation is composed of two steps: first, for each frame, compute low-level features using Dense Trajectories or a Convolutional Neural Network that encode spatiotemporal information locally, and second, input these features into a classifier that captures high-level temporal relationships, such as a Recurrent Neural Network (RNN). While often effective, this decoupling requires specifying two separate models, each with their own complexities, and prevents capturing more nuanced long-range spatiotemporal relationships. We propose a unified appro…
This paper summarizes our method and validation results for the ISBI Challenge 2017 - Skin Lesion Analysis Towards Melanoma Detection - Part I: Lesion Segmentation
University of Maryland（马里兰大学）；Fudan University（复旦大学）
We present a Temporal Context Network (TCN) for precise temporal localization of human activities. Similar to the Faster-RCNN architecture, proposals are placed at equal intervals in a video which span multiple temporal scales. We propose a novel representation for ranking these proposals. Since pooling features only inside a segment is not sufficient to predict activity boundaries, we construct a representation which explicitly captures context around a proposal for ranking it. For each temporal segment inside a proposal, features are uniformly sampled at a pair of scales and are input to a t…
In this paper, we propose a novel medical image segmentation using iterative deep learning framework. We have combined an iterative learning approach and an encoder-decoder network to improve segmentation results, which enables to precisely localize the regions of interest (ROIs) including complex shapes or detailed textures of medical images in an iterative manner. The proposed iterative deep convolutional encoder-decoder network consists of two main paths: convolutional encoder path and convolutional decoder path with iterative learning. Experimental results show that the proposed iterative …
Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur（印度理工学院卡拉格普尔分校）
Automatic segmentation of retinal blood vessels from fundus images plays an important role in the computer aided diagnosis of retinal diseases. The task of blood vessel segmentation is challenging due to the extreme variations in morphology of the vessels against noisy background. In this paper, we formulate the segmentation task as a multi-label inference task and utilize the implicit advantages of the combination of convolutional neural networks and structured prediction. Our proposed convolutional neural network based model achieves strong performance and significantly outperforms the state…
Quantitative analysis of brain MRI at the age of 6 months is difficult because of the limited contrast between white matter and gray matter. In this study, we use a dilated triplanar convolutional neural network in combination with a non-dilated 3D convolutional neural network for the segmentation of white matter, gray matter and cerebrospinal fluid in infant brain MR images, as provided by the MICCAI grand challenge on 6-month infant brain MRI segmentation.
Tsinghua University（清华大学）；Microsoft Research Asia（微软亚洲研究院）
We present the first fully convolutional end-to-end solution for instance-aware semantic segmentation task. It inherits all the merits of FCNs for semantic segmentation and instance mask proposal. It performs instance mask prediction and classification jointly. The underlying convolutional representation is fully shared between the two sub-tasks, as well as between all regions of interest. The proposed network is highly integrated and achieves state-of-the-art performance in both accuracy and efficiency. It wins the COCO 2016 segmentation competition by a large margin. Code would be released a…
Convolutional networks are powerful visual models that yield hierarchies of features. We show that convolutional networks by themselves, trained end-to-end, pixels-to-pixels, exceed the state-of-the-art in semantic segmentation. Our key insight is to build "fully convolutional" networks that take input of arbitrary size and produce correspondingly-sized output with efficient inference and learning. We define and detail the space of fully convolutional networks, explain their application to spatially dense prediction tasks, and draw connections to prior models. We adapt contemporary classificat…
Image segmentation is an important step in most visual tasks. While convolutional neural networks have shown to perform well on single image segmentation, to our knowledge, no study has been been done on leveraging recurrent gated architectures for video segmentation. Accordingly, we propose a novel method for online segmentation of video sequences that incorporates temporal data. The network is built from fully convolutional element and recurrent unit that works on a sliding window over the temporal data. We also introduce a novel convolutional gated recurrent unit that preserves the spatial …
Convolutional networks are powerful visual models that yield hierarchies of features. We show that convolutional networks by themselves, trained end-to-end, pixels-to-pixels, improve on the previous best result in semantic segmentation. Our key insight is to build "fully convolutional" networks that take input of arbitrary size and produce correspondingly-sized output with efficient inference and learning. We define and detail the space of fully convolutional networks, explain their application to spatially dense prediction tasks, and draw connections to prior models. We adapt contemporary cla…
In this work, we propose a multi-modal Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) approach for brain tumor segmentation. We investigate how to combine different modalities efficiently in the CNN framework.We adapt various fusion methods, which are previously employed on video recognition problem, to the brain tumor segmentation problem,and we investigate their efficiency in terms of memory and performance.Our experiments, which are performed on BRATS dataset, lead us to the conclusion that learning separate representations for each modality and combining them for brain tumor segmentation could increas…
Medical imaging based prostate cancer diagnosis procedure uses intra-operative transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) imaging to visualize the prostate shape and location to collect tissue samples. Correct tissue sampling from prostate requires accurate prostate segmentation in TRUS images. To achieve this, this study uses a novel residual connection based fully convolutional network. The advantage of this segmentation technique is that it requires no pre-processing of TRUS images to perform the segmentation. Thus, it offers a faster and straightforward prostate segmentation from TRUS images. Results s…
Segmentation of mandibles in CT scans during virtual surgical planning is crucial for 3D surgical planning in order to obtain a detailed surface representation of the patients bone. Automatic segmentation of mandibles in CT scans is a challenging task due to large variation in their shape and size between individuals. In order to address this challenge we propose a convolutional neural network approach for mandible segmentation in CT scans by considering the continuum of anatomical structures through different planes. The proposed convolutional neural network adopts the architecture of the U-N…
In the isointense stage, the accurate volumetric image segmentation is a challenging task due to the low contrast between tissues. In this paper, we propose a novel very deep network architecture based on a densely convolutional network for volumetric brain segmentation. The proposed network architecture provides a dense connection between layers that aims to improve the information flow in the network. By concatenating features map of fine and coarse dense blocks, it allows capturing multi-scale contextual information. Experimental results demonstrate significant advantages of the proposed me…
Isfahan University of Technology（伊斯法罕理工大学）；University of British Columbia（不列颠哥伦比亚大学）；University of Michigan（密歇根大学）；McMaster University（麦克马斯特大学）
One of the essential tasks in medical image analysis is segmentation and accurate detection of borders. Lesion segmentation in skin images is an essential step in the computerized detection of skin cancer. However, many of the state-of-the-art segmentation methods have deficiencies in their border detection phase. In this paper, a new class of fully convolutional network is proposed, with new dense pooling layers for segmentation of lesion regions in skin images. This network leads to highly accurate segmentation of lesions on skin lesion datasets which outperforms state-of-the-art algorithms …
In the last decade, deep learning has contributed to advances in a wide range computer vision tasks including texture analysis. This paper explores a new approach for texture segmentation using deep convolutional neural networks, sharing important ideas with classic filter bank based texture segmentation methods. Several methods are developed to train Fully Convolutional Networks to segment textures in various applications. We show in particular that these networks can learn to recognize and segment a type of texture, e.g. wood and grass from texture recognition datasets (no training segmentat…
Department of Computer Science（计算机科学系）；University of Saskatchewan, Canada（萨斯喀彻温大学）
In this paper, we propose an efficient architecture for semantic image segmentation using the depth-to-space (D2S) operation. Our D2S model is comprised of a standard CNN encoder followed by a depth-to-space reordering of the final convolutional feature maps. Our approach eliminates the decoder portion of traditional encoder-decoder segmentation models and reduces the amount of computation almost by half. As a participant of the DeepGlobe Road Extraction competition, we evaluate our models on the corresponding road segmentation dataset. Our highly efficient D2S models exhibit comparable perfor…
CISPA Helmholtz Center for Information Security（CISPA 亥姆霍兹信息安全中心）；Max Planck Institute for Informatics（马克斯·普朗克信息学研究所）
Recently, learning-based image synthesis has enabled to generate high-resolution images, either applying popular adversarial training or a powerful perceptual loss. However, it remains challenging to successfully leverage synthetic data for improving semantic segmentation with additional synthetic images. Therefore, we suggest to generate intermediate convolutional features and propose the first synthesis approach that is catered to such intermediate convolutional features. This allows us to generate new features from label masks and include them successfully into the training procedure in ord…
Recent leading approaches to semantic segmentation rely on deep convolutional networks trained with human-annotated, pixel-level segmentation masks. Such pixel-accurate supervision demands expensive labeling effort and limits the performance of deep networks that usually benefit from more training data. In this paper, we propose a method that achieves competitive accuracy but only requires easily obtained bounding box annotations. The basic idea is to iterate between automatically generating region proposals and training convolutional networks. These two steps gradually recover segmentation ma…
Semantic segmentation has recently witnessed major progress, where fully convolutional neural networks have shown to perform well. However, most of the previous work focused on improving single image segmentation. To our knowledge, no prior work has made use of temporal video information in a recurrent network. In this paper, we introduce a novel approach to implicitly utilize temporal data in videos for online semantic segmentation. The method relies on a fully convolutional network that is embedded into a gated recurrent architecture. This design receives a sequence of consecutive video fram…
We introduce an accurate lung segmentation model for chest radiographs based on deep convolutional neural networks. Our model is based on atrous convolutional layers to increase the field-of-view of filters efficiently. To improve segmentation performances further, we also propose a multi-stage training strategy, network-wise training, which the current stage network is fed with both input images and the outputs from pre-stage network. It is shown that this strategy has an ability to reduce falsely predicted labels and produce smooth boundaries of lung fields. We evaluate the proposed model on…
Facebook AI Research（Facebook人工智能研究院）；University of Oxford（牛津大学）
Convolutional networks are the de-facto standard for analyzing spatio-temporal data such as images, videos, and 3D shapes. Whilst some of this data is naturally dense (e.g., photos), many other data sources are inherently sparse. Examples include 3D point clouds that were obtained using a LiDAR scanner or RGB-D camera. Standard "dense" implementations of convolutional networks are very inefficient when applied on such sparse data. We introduce new sparse convolutional operations that are designed to process spatially-sparse data more efficiently, and use them to develop spatially-sparse convol…
Semantic segmentation is an important preliminary step towards automatic medical image interpretation. Recently deep convolutional neural networks have become the first choice for the task of pixel-wise class prediction. While incorporating prior knowledge about the structure of target objects has proven effective in traditional energy-based segmentation approaches, there has not been a clear way for encoding prior knowledge into deep learning frameworks. In this work, we propose a new loss term that encodes the star shape prior into the loss function of an end-to-end trainable fully convoluti…
We introduce a novel approach for temporal activity segmentation with timestamp supervision. Our main contribution is a graph convolutional network, which is learned in an end-to-end manner to exploit both frame features and connections between neighboring frames to generate dense framewise labels from sparse timestamp labels. The generated dense framewise labels can then be used to train the segmentation model. In addition, we propose a framework for alternating learning of both the segmentation model and the graph convolutional model, which first initializes and then iteratively refines the …
Télécom Paris - Institut Polytechnique de Paris（巴黎理工学院巴黎电信学院）；Università di Napoli Parthenope（那不勒斯帕泰诺佩大学）；La Rochelle Université（拉罗谢尔大学）
Semantic segmentation is a fundamental topic in computer vision. Several deep learning methods have been proposed for semantic segmentation with outstanding results. However, these models require a lot of densely annotated images. To address this problem, we propose a new algorithm that uses HyperGraph Convolutional Networks for Weakly-supervised Semantic Segmentation (HyperGCN-WSS). Our algorithm constructs spatial and k-Nearest Neighbor (k-NN) graphs from the images in the dataset to generate the hypergraphs. Then, we train a specialized HyperGraph Convolutional Network (HyperGCN) architectu…
Automatic segmentation of medical images is among most demanded works in the medical information field since it saves time of the experts in the field and avoids human error factors. In this work, a method based on Conditional Adversarial Networks and Fully Convolutional Networks is proposed for the automatic segmentation of the liver MRIs. The proposed method, without any post-processing, is achieved the second place in the SIU Liver Segmentation Challenge 2018, data of which is provided by Dokuz Eylül University. In this paper, some improvements for the post-processing step are also proposed…
University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学）；Tsinghua University（清华大学）；The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology（香港科技大学）
This paper proposes a convolutional neural network that can fuse high-level prior for semantic image segmentation. Motivated by humans' vision recognition system, our key design is a three-layer generative structure consisting of high-level coding, middle-level segmentation and low-level image to introduce global prior for semantic segmentation. Based on this structure, we proposed a generative model called conditional variational auto-encoder (CVAE) that can build up the links behind these three layers. These important links include an image encoder that extracts high level info from image, a…
Deep learning (DL) based semantic segmentation methods have been providing state-of-the-art performance in the last few years. More specifically, these techniques have been successfully applied to medical image classification, segmentation, and detection tasks. One deep learning technique, U-Net, has become one of the most popular for these applications. In this paper, we propose a Recurrent Convolutional Neural Network (RCNN) based on U-Net as well as a Recurrent Residual Convolutional Neural Network (RRCNN) based on U-Net models, which are named RU-Net and R2U-Net respectively. The proposed …
Northwestern Polytechnical University（西北工业大学）；University of Sydney（悉尼大学）；University of Pittsburgh（匹兹堡大学）；Royal Prince Alfred Hospital（皇家阿尔弗雷德亲王医院）
Advanced deep learning methods have been developed to conduct prostate MR volume segmentation in either a 2D or 3D fully convolutional manner. However, 2D methods tend to have limited segmentation performance, since large amounts of spatial information of prostate volumes are discarded during the slice-by-slice segmentation process; and 3D methods also have room for improvement, since they use isotropic kernels to perform 3D convolutions whereas most prostate MR volumes have anisotropic spatial resolution. Besides, the fully convolutional structural methods achieve good performance for localiz…
Many research works focus on leveraging the complementary geometric information of indoor depth sensors in vision tasks performed by deep convolutional neural networks, notably semantic segmentation. These works deal with a specific vision task known as "RGB-D Indoor Semantic Segmentation". The challenges and resulting solutions of this task differ from its standard RGB counterpart. This results in a new active research topic. The objective of this paper is to introduce the field of Deep Convolutional Neural Networks for RGB-D Indoor Semantic Segmentation. This review presents the most popular…
We propose a novel weakly-supervised semantic segmentation algorithm based on Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN). Contrary to existing weakly-supervised approaches, our algorithm exploits auxiliary segmentation annotations available for different categories to guide segmentations on images with only image-level class labels. To make the segmentation knowledge transferrable across categories, we design a decoupled encoder-decoder architecture with attention model. In this architecture, the model generates spatial highlights of each category presented in an image using an attention model, …
