We give an elementary introduction to Classical Invariant Theory and its modern extension "Transcending Classical Invariant Theory", commonly known as the theory of local theta correspondence. We explain the two fundamental assertions of the theory: the Howe duality conjecture and the Kudla-Rallis conservation relation conjecture. We give a status report on the problem of explicitly describing local theta correspondence in terms of Langlands-Vogan parameters. We conclude with a discussion on a certain problem of automatic continuity, which manifests unity of the theory in algebraic and smooth settings.
In his article "Transcending Classical Invariant Theory" (J.A.M.S., 1989, Vol 2), Roger Howe established a correspondence between representations of a dual pair of reductive groups. This correspondence is known as Howe's correspondence or local theta correspondence. In my paper "Unitary Representations and Theta Correspondence for Classical Group of Type I"(to appear in J. Func. Anal.), we proved that theta correspondence over the real field preserves unitarity under certain restrictions, generalizing some results of Jian-Shu Li (Invent. Math., Vol 97, 1989). In this paper, we study the compos…
An "automatic continuity" question has naturally occurred since Roger Howe established the local theta correspondence over $\mathbb R$: does the algebraic version of local theta correspondence over $\mathbb R$ agrees with the smooth version? We show that the answer is yes, at least when the concerning dual pair has no quaternionic type I irreducible factor.
We prove Kudla-Rallis conjecture on first occurrences of local theta correspondence, for all type I irreducible dual pairs and all local fields of characteristic zero.
We study model transition for representations occurring in the local theta correspondence between split even special orthogonal groups and symplectic groups, over a non-archimedean local field of characteristic zero.
The Langlands correspondence of GL(2,F) over a non-Archimedean local field F of characteristic 0 has been well studied. The construction uses the theta correspondence. In this paper, we are going to describe explicitly how this construction is done. We will then provide new proofs to several properties of the correspondence. Including that the correspondence does not depend on the additive character introduced by the Weil representation.
In this paper, we completely describe the Howe correspondence for the dual pairs from the title over a nonarchimedean local field of characteristic zero. More specifically, for every irreducible admissible representation of these groups, we find its first occurrence index in the theta correspondence and we describe, in terms of their Langlands parameters, the small theta lifts on all levels.
Following Roberts' work in the case of orthogonal-symplectic similitude dual pairs, we study the local theta correspondence for unitary similitude dual pairs over a $p$-adic field.
By the works of Yu, Kim and Hakim-Murnaghan, we have a parameterization and construction of all supercuspidal representations of a reductive $p$-adic group in terms of supercuspidal data, when $p$ is sufficiently large. In this paper, we will define a correspondence of supercuspidal data via moment maps and theta correspondences over finite fields. Then we will show that local theta correspondences between supercuspidal representations are completely described by this notion. In Appendix B, we give a short proof of a result of Pan on "depth preservation".
For every irreducible Harish-Chandra module of $O^{*}(4)$, we determine its theta lift to $Sp(p,q)$ in terms of the Langlands parameter, for all non-negative integers $p$ and $q$. Our strategy is to determine the desired theta lifts by their infinitesimal characters and lowest $K$-types.
This note shows a property of degree-parity preservation for $K$-types under Howe's theta correspondence. As its application, we deduce the preservation of parity of all $K$-types occurring in an arbitrary irreducible $(\mathfrak{g},K)$-module of any Lie group in reductive dual pairs.
It is known that the $Θ$-correspondence for a finite reductive dual pair is not one-to-one in general. In this paper, we propose two maximal one-to-one sub-relations $\underlineθ,\overlineθ$ of the $Θ$-correspondences for a finite dual pair of two unitary groups. These two correspondences are extensions of the analogue of the $η$-correspondence proposed by Gurevich-Howe.
In this paper, we propose two maximal one-to-one sub-relations $\underlineθ, \overlineθ$ of the Howe correspondence $Θ$ for a finite reductive dual pair consisting of a symplectic group and an orthogonal group. Moreover, we show that both the correspondences $\underlineθ$ and $\overlineθ$ are extensions beyond the stable range of the $η$-correspondence defined by Gurevich-Howe.
We consider two types of nilpotent invariants associated to smooth representations, namely generalized Whittaker models, and associated characters (in the case of a real reductive group). We survey some recent results on the behavior of these nilpotent invariants under local theta correspondence, and highlight the special role of a certain double fiberation of moment maps.
S.-Y. Pan decomposes the uniform projection of the Weil representation of a finite symplectic-odd orthogonal dual pair, in terms of Deligne-Lusztig virtual characters, assuming that the order of the finite field is large enough. In this paper we use Pan's decomposition to study the theta correspondence for this kind of dual pairs, following the approach of Adams-Moy and Aubert-Michel-Rouquier. Our results give the theta correspondence between unipotent representations and certain quadratic unipotent representations.
It is known that irreducible cuspidal characters satisfy the preservation principle in the Howe correspondences of finite reductive dual pairs. In this article, we generalize the preservation principle to any irreducible characters of classical groups.
In this paper we study the local theta correspondences between epipelagic supercupsidal representations of a type I classical dual pair $(G,G')$ over $p$-adic fields. We show that, besides an exceptional case, an epipelagic supercupsidal representation $π$ of $\widetilde{G}$ lifts to an epipelagic supercupsidal representation $π'$ of $\widetilde{G}'$ if and only if the epipelagic data of $π$ and $π'$ are related by the moment maps.
We use relations between the base change representations and theta lifts, to give a new proof to the local period problems of SL(2) over a nonarchimedean quadratic field extension E/F. Then we will verify the Prasad conjecture for SL(2). With a similar strategy, we obtain a certain result for the Prasad conjecture for Sp(4).
In this paper we consider the problem of decomposing tensor products of certain singular unitary representations of a semisimple Lie group G. Using explicit models for these representations (constructed earlier by one of us) we show that the decomposition is controlled by a reductive homogeneous space G'/H'. Our procedure establishes a correspondence between certain unitary representations of G and those of G'. This extends the usual theta--correspondence for dual reductive pairs. As a special case we obtain a correspondence between certain representations of real forms of E_7 and F_4.
The theory of almost characters which is closely related to character sheaves is proposed by Lusztig to study the representation theory of finite reductive groups. In this article we show that the decomposition of the Weil character for finite reductive dual pairs $(\Sp_{2n},\rmO^\pm_{2n'})$ or $(\Sp_{2n},\SO_{2n'+1})$ with respect to the almost characters is exactly the same as the decomposition with respect to the irreducible characters. As a consequence, the finite theta correspondence on almost characters is established.
We study the algebraic framework in which one can define, in the manner of the theta correspondence, a correspondence between representations of two locally profinite groups $H_1$, $H_2$. In particular, we examine when and how such a correspondence can be extended to bigger groups $G_1$, $G_2$ containing $H_1$, $H_2$ respectively as normal subgroups. As an application, we discuss the theta correspondence for a reductive dual pair of the similitude groups in the non-archimedean case.
Let F be a p-adic field with p odd. Quadratic base change and theta-lifting are shown to be compatible for supercuspidal representations of SL(2,F). The argument involves the theory of types and the lattice model of the Weil representation.
Let $G$ be a split simply laced group defined over a $p$-adic field $F$. In this paper we study the restriction of the minimal representation of $G$ to various dual pairs in $G$. For example, the restriction of the minimal representation of $E_7$ to the dual pair $G_2 \times{}$Sp(6) gives the non-endoscopic Langlands lift of irreducible representations of $G_2$ to Sp(6).
In this article, we consider a dual pair $(G, G')$ in the symplectic group $Sp(W)$ with $G$ compact and let $(\tilde{G}, \tilde{G}')$ be the preimages of $G$ and $G'$ in the metaplectic group $\widetilde{Sp(W)}$. For every irreducible representation $Π$ of $\tilde{G}$ appearing in Howe correspondence, we compute explicitly the restriction of the character $Θ_{Π'}$ of the associated representation $Π'$ of $\tilde{G}'$ on the set of regular points on the compact Cartan subgroup $\tilde{H}'$ of $\tilde{G}'$.
In this paper, we will determine the factorization of global period attached to the spherical variety $X:=\mathrm{SO}(n-1)\backslash \mathrm{SO}(n)$, which is a special case of the Sakellaridis-Venkatesh conjecture. The main idea is to build a connection between the periods of $X$ and the periods of the Whittaker case $N,ψ\backslash \mathrm{SL}_2$ (n even) or $N,ψ\backslash \mathrm{Mp}_2$ (n odd) using the tool of theta correspondence. In the local setting, we determine the Plancherel formula of $L^2(X)$, the relative character identities and give an explicite integral formula of transfer betw…
We explicitly determine the theta correspondences for $\GSp_4$ and orthogonal similitude groups associated to various quadratic spaces of rank $4$ and $6$. The results are needed in our proof of the local Langlands correspondence for $\GSp_4$.
In this paper, we give an explicit determination of the theta lifting for symplectic-orthogonal and unitary dual pairs over a nonarchimedean field $F$ of characteristic $0$. We determine when theta lifts of tempered representations are nonzero, and determine the theta lifts in terms of the local Langlands correspondence.
This article has a twofold purpose. First, by recent works of Kaletha and Loke-Ma, we give an explicit description of the local theta correspondence between regular supercuspidal representations in the equal rank symplectic-orthogonal case. Second, based on this description, we show that the local theta correspondence preserves distinction with respect to unramified Galois involutions.
We study three exceptional theta correspondences for p-adic groups, where one member of the dual pair is the exceptional group G2. We prove the Howe duality conjecture for these dual pairs and a dichotomy theorem, and determine explicitly the theta lifts of all non-cuspidal representations.
We establish the Fourier-Jacobi case of the local Gross-Prasad conjecture for unitary groups, by using local theta correspondence to relate the Fourier-Jacobi case with the Bessel case established by Beuzart-Plessis. To achieve this, we prove two conjectures of D. Prasad on the precise description of the local theta correspondence for (almost) equal rank unitary dual pairs in terms of the local Langlands correspondence.
In spirit of Gan-Ichino's work on the Arthur's multiplicity formula for metaplectic groups, we have established the Arthur's multiplicity formula for even orthogonal or unitary groups with Witt index less than or equal to one. In that multiplicity formula, some local packets defined using the stable range theta lifts are involved. In this paper, we prove that at non-Archimedean places, the definition of the local packets involved in that multiplicity formula is independent of the choice of the dual-pairs used in their construction. Moreover, at those places where the groups are quasi-split, we…
During the last two decades, great efforts have been devoted to the calculation of the local theta correspondence for reductive dual pairs. However, uniform formulas remain elusive for real dual pairs of type I. The purpose of this paper is twofold: to formulate an explicit version of induction principle for dual pairs $(O(p,q),Sp(2n,\mathbb{R}))$ with $p + q$ even, and to apply it to obtain a complete and explicit description of the local theta correspondence when $p + q = 4$. Our approach is very elementary by analysis on the infinitesimal characters and K-types under the correspondence.
For an irreducible dual pair $(G, G') \in Sp(W)$ with one member compact and two representations $Π\leftrightarrow Π'$ appearing in the Howe duality, we give an expression of the character $Θ_{Π'}$ of $Π'$ via the character of $Π$. We make computations for the dual pair $(G = U(n, \mathbb{C}), G' = U(p, q, \mathbb{C}))$, which are explicit in low dimensions. For $(G = U(1, \mathbb{C}), G' = U(1, 1, \mathbb{C}))$, we verify directly a result of H. Hecht saying that the character has the same value on both Cartan subgroups of $G'$.
We study the exceptional theta correspondence for real groups obtained by restricting the minimal representation of the split exceptional group of the type E_n, to a split dual pair where one member is the exceptional group of the type G_2. We prove that the correspondence gives a bijection between spherical representations if n=6,7, and a slightly weaker statement if n=8.
In this note, we introduce the notion of almost unramified representations of quasi-split unitary groups of even ranks with respect to an unramified quadratic extension of local fields, and study their behavior under the local theta correspondence. These representations are in some sense the least ramified representations that have root number $-1$.
Using theta correspondence, we obtain a classification of irreducible representations of an arbitrary even orthogonal group (i.e. the local Langlands correspondence) by deducing it from the local Langlands correspondence for symplectic groups due to Arthur. Moreover,we show that our classifications coincide with the local Langlands correspondence established by Arthur and formulated precisely by Atobe-Gan for quasi-split even orthogonal groups.
This is an expanded set of notes based on two lectures given by the author at the 2022 IHES summer school on the Langlands program, on explicit techniques for the construction of automorphic representations.
We prove the local Gan-Gross-Prasad conjecture for the symplectic-metaplectic case under some assumptions. This is the last case of the local Gan-Gross-Prasad conjectures. We also prove two of Prasad's conjectures on the local theta correspondence in the almost equal rank case.
In this paper, we parametrize certain irreducible supercuspidal representations of U(1,1) and U(2) via explicit induction data. The parametrization depends on traceless elements of negative valuation in a quadratic extension of base field. We use the lattice model of the Weil representation to determine which traceless elements are involved in the theta correspondence for reductive dual pair U(1,1) and U(2).
We give a proof of the Howe duality conjecture for the (almost) equal rank dual pairs in full generality. For arbitrary dual pairs, we prove the irreducibility of the (small) theta lifts for all tempered representations. Our proof works for any nonarchimedean local field of characteristic not 2 and in arbitrary residual characteristic.
Using the theta correspondence, we extend the classification of irreducible representations of quasi-split unitary groups (the so-called local Langlands correspondence, which was established in an early paper of Mok) to non quasi-split unitary groups. We also prove that our classification satisfies some good properties, which characterize it uniquely. In particular, this provides an alternative approach to the works of Kaletha-Minguez-Shin-White and Moeglin-Renard.
We show that if an irreducible admissible representation of $\mathrm{SO}_{4n}(F)$ has a generalized Shalika model, then its small theta lift to $\mathrm{Sp}_{4n}(F)$ has the symplectic linear model, thus answering a question posed by D. Jiang. Here $F$ is a non-archimedean field of characteristic zero.
In this paper, we determine a constant occurring in a local analogue of the Siegel-Weil formula, and describe the behavior of the formal degrees under the local theta correspondence for quaternionic dual pairs of almost equal rank over a non-Archimedean local field of characteristic $0$. As an application, we prove the formal degree conjecture of Hiraga-Ichino-Ikeda for the non-split inner forms of ${\rm Sp}_4$ and ${\rm GSp}_4$.
We study the Hecke algebra modules arising from theta correspondence between certain Harish-Chandra series for type I dual pairs over finite fields. For the product of the pair of Hecke algebras under consideration, we show that there is a generic Hecke algebra module whose specializations at prime powers give the Hecke algebra modules and whose specialization at $1$ can be explicitly described. As an application, we prove the conservation relation on the first occurrence indices for all irreducible representations. As another application, we generalize the results of Aubert-Michel-Rouquier an…
